<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="letter" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.8" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">ZMksRkx4StQrJpygTz4DBBg</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2018001300117</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20180135</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Challenges For Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure: Imaging And Residual Flow</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Yildirim</surname>
            <given-names>Tarik</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Altun</surname>
            <given-names>Ibrahim</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ozcan Soylu</surname>
            <given-names>Mustafa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <institution content-type="orgname">Mugla Sitki Ko&#231;man &#220;niversity Tip Fak&#252;ltesi Orhaniye Mah</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Department of Cardiology</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Faculty of Medicine</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Haluk</city>
          <state>Mugla</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="TR">Turkey</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology Mugla Sitki Ko&#231;man &#220;niversity Tip Fak&#252;ltesi Orhaniye Mah. Haluk, Mugla &#8211; Turkey</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Addresss: Tarik Yildirim</bold>, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology &#8211; Turkey. E-mail: <email>kdrtarik@gmail.com</email>, <email>kdrtarik@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>7</month>
        <year>2018</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>111</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>117</fpage>
      <lpage>117</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>04</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2017</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>Atrial Appendage</kwd>
        <kwd>Septal Occluder Devices</kwd>
        <kwd>Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional</kwd>
        <kwd>Medical Records</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>We have read with great interest the paper entitled &#8216;First results of the Brazilian Registry of Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure&#8217; by Gu&#233;rios et al<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>. is a very important study. We have some suggestions about this trial.</p>
    <p>Firstly, two-dimensional transeosophageal echocardiography (2D-TEE) can evaluate the morphology of left atrial appendage in multiple views. But real-time three-dimensional transeosophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) provides more detailed images of the left atrial appendage (LAA) anatomy than 2D-TEE.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> A competent physician can accurately evaluate the LAA depth and landing zone. Moreover LAA closure depends on an accurate determination of anatomical structure. Therefore the 3D-TEE may show advantantages in relation to 2D-TEE in transcathater LAA closure.</p>
    <p>Secondly, we wonder which indicators were used the device selection. For example, Lefort occluder devices are appropriate for single-lobe appendage, but LAmbre occluder can be used in LAA depth &lt; 21 mm.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>
		</p>
    <p>Lastly we would like to know about the two patients whose devices showed thrombus formation, as incomplete LAA closure may be associated with an increased risk of thrombus formation and then the second device may be inserted.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Did the authors do further investigation and intervention in these patients?</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Reference</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1 Gu&#233;rios &#202;E, Chami&#233; F, Montenegro M, Saad EB, Brito FS Junior, Caramori PA, et al. First results of the Brazilian Registry of percutaneous left atrial appendage closure. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017;109(5):440-7.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Gu&#233;rios</surname>
              <given-names>&#202;E</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Chami&#233;</surname>
              <given-names>F</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Montenegro</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Saad</surname>
              <given-names>EB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brito</surname>
              <given-names>FS</given-names>
              <suffix>Junior</suffix>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Caramori</surname>
              <given-names>PA</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>First results of the Brazilian Registry of percutaneous left atrial appendage closure</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2017</year>
          <volume>109</volume>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <fpage>440</fpage>
          <lpage>447</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>2 Zhou Q, Song H, Zhang L, Deng Q, Chen J, Hu B, et al. Roles of real-time threedimensional transesophageal echocardiography in peri-operation of transcatheter left atrial appendage closure. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017;96(4):e5637.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Zhou</surname>
              <given-names>Q</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Song</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Zhang</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Deng</surname>
              <given-names>Q</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Chen</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Hu</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Roles of real-time threedimensional transesophageal echocardiography in peri-operation of transcatheter left atrial appendage closure</article-title>
          <source>Medicine (Baltimore)</source>
          <year>2017</year>
          <volume>96</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <elocation-id>e5637</elocation-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>3 Lam SC, Bertog S, Sievert H. Incomplete left atrial appendage occlusion and thrombus formation after Watchman implantation treated with anticoagulation followed by further transcatheter closure with a secondgeneration Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (Amulet device). Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2015;85(2):321-7.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Lam</surname>
              <given-names>SC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bertog</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sievert</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Incomplete left atrial appendage occlusion and thrombus formation after Watchman implantation treated with anticoagulation followed by further transcatheter closure with a secondgeneration Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (Amulet device)</article-title>
          <source>Catheter Cardiovasc Interv</source>
          <year>2015</year>
          <volume>85</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>321</fpage>
          <lpage>327</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="reply" id="s1" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Reply</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gu&#233;rios</surname>
            <given-names>&#202;nio E.</given-names>
          </name>
          <on-behalf-of>the authors of the Brazilian Registry of Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure</on-behalf-of>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Thank you for your interest in our paper and the pertinent comments. We agree that in comparison to 2D, 3D-TEE provides far more information, security and predictability to percutaneous left atrial appendage closure. In our Service, real-time 3D-TEE is the default tool used for guidance in these procedures. However, the Brazilian Registry of Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure is a multicenter Registry, which data has been collected since 2010. At that time, and even today, not all centers involved in the Registry had 3D-TEE available in the cath lab, and in those cases, guidance to the procedure was based solely on 2D-TEE information.</p>
      <p>Device selection was restricted due to the limited device availability in the Brazilian market. Only the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP, St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN) was available for use in Brazil until mid-2015, when the Watchman device (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA) came into national market. We still do not have the Amulet device (St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN) in Brazil, and LAmbre (Lifetech Scientific, Shenzhen, China) became available in our market only in January 2018.</p>
      <p>Regarding the 2 patients in whom thrombus formation was detected at follow-up, in both cases the LAA was completely closed. Thrombus formation was not related to residual LAA flow - hence there was no indication for further procedure &#8211; but developed over the surface of the device. Both patients were treated with reinstitution of oral anticoagulation for 3 months with thrombus resolution, and there were no other adverse clinical consequences.</p>
      <sig-block>
        <sig>
          <bold>&#202;nio E. Gu&#233;rios, on behalf of the authors of the Brazilian Registry of Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure</bold>
        </sig>
      </sig-block>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s2" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Desafios para a Oclus&#227;o Percut&#226;nea do Ap&#234;ndice Atrial Esquerdo: Imagem e Fluxo Residual</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Yildirim</surname>
            <given-names>Tarik</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Altun</surname>
            <given-names>Ibrahim</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ozcan Soylu</surname>
            <given-names>Mustafa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <institution content-type="original">Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology Mugla Sitki Ko&#231;man &#220;niversity Tip Fak&#252;ltesi Orhaniye Mah. Haluk, Mugla &#8211; Turquia</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Tarik Yildirim</bold>, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology &#8211; Turquia. E-mail: <email>kdrtarik@gmail.com</email>, <email>kdrtarik@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave:</title>
        <kwd>Ap&#234;ndice Atrial</kwd>
        <kwd>Dispositivo para Oclus&#227;o Septal</kwd>
        <kwd>Ecocardiografia Tridimensional</kwd>
        <kwd>Registros M&#233;dicos</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Lemos com grande interesse o artigo intitulado &#8220;Primeiros Resultados do Registro Brasileiro de Oclus&#227;o Percut&#226;nea do Ap&#234;ndice Atrial Esquerdo&#8221; por Gu&#233;rios et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> &#201; um estudo muito importante. Temos algumas sugest&#245;es a respeito desse estudo.</p>
      <p>Em primeiro lugar, a ecocardiografia transesof&#225;gica bidimensional (ETE-2D) pode avaliar a morfologia do ap&#234;ndice atrial esquerdo em m&#250;ltiplas visualiza&#231;&#245;es. Mas o ecocardiografia transesof&#225;gica tridimensional (ETE-3D) em tempo real fornece imagens mais detalhadas da anatomia do ap&#234;ndice atrial esquerdo (AAE) do que o ETE-2D.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Um m&#233;dico competente pode avaliar com precis&#227;o a profundidade e a zona de aterrissagem do AAE. Al&#233;m disso, o fechamento do AAE depende de uma determina&#231;&#227;o precisa da estrutura anat&#244;mica. Portanto, o ETE-3D pode mostrar vantagens em rela&#231;&#227;o ao ETE-2D na oclus&#227;o transcateter do AAE.</p>
      <p>Em segundo lugar, nos perguntamos quais indicadores foram utilizados na sele&#231;&#227;o do dispositivo. Por exemplo, os dispositivos de oclus&#227;o Lefort s&#227;o apropriados para o ap&#234;ndice de lobo &#250;nico, mas o sistema oclusor LAmbre pode ser utilizado em AAE com profundidade &lt; 21 mm.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Por fim, gostar&#237;amos de saber sobre os dois pacientes cujos dispositivos mostraram forma&#231;&#227;o de trombo, pois o fechamento incompleto do AAE pode estar associado a um risco aumentado de forma&#231;&#227;o de trombo e, ent&#227;o, o segundo dispositivo pode ser inserido.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Os autores realizaram investiga&#231;&#245;es e interven&#231;&#245;es adicionais nestes pacientes?</p>
    </body>
    <sub-article article-type="reply" id="s3" xml:lang="pt">
      <front-stub>
        <title-group>
          <article-title>Carta-resposta</article-title>
        </title-group>
        <contrib-group>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Gu&#233;rios</surname>
              <given-names>&#202;nio E.</given-names>
            </name>
            <on-behalf-of>investigadores do Registro Brasileiro de Oclus&#227;o Percut&#226;nea do Ap&#234;ndice Atrial Esquerdo</on-behalf-of>
          </contrib>
        </contrib-group>
      </front-stub>
      <body>
        <p>Agradecemos o seu interesse em nosso trabalho e os coment&#225;rios pertinentes. Concordamos que, em compara&#231;&#227;o com o ETE-2D, o ETE-3D fornece muito mais informa&#231;&#227;o, seguran&#231;a e previsibilidade para a oclus&#227;o percut&#226;nea do ap&#234;ndice atrial esquerdo. Em nosso servi&#231;o, o ETE-3D em tempo real &#233; a ferramenta padr&#227;o utilizada para guiar estes procedimentos. No entanto, o Registro Brasileiro de Oclus&#227;o Percut&#226;nea do Ap&#234;ndice Atrial Esquerdo &#233; um registro multic&#234;ntrico, cujos dados t&#234;m sido coletados desde 2010. Naquela &#233;poca, e at&#233; hoje, nem todos os centros envolvidos no Registro tinham o ETE-3D dispon&#237;vel no laborat&#243;rio de cateterismo card&#237;aco e, nesses casos, a orienta&#231;&#227;o para o procedimento baseou-se apenas nas informa&#231;&#245;es de ETE-2D.</p>
        <p>A sele&#231;&#227;o de dispositivos foi restrita devido &#224; disponibilidade limitada de dispositivos no mercado brasileiro. Apenas o Amplatzer Cardiac Plug (ACP, St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN) estava dispon&#237;vel para uso no Brasil at&#233; meados de 2015, quando o dispositivo Watchman (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA) entrou no mercado nacional. Ainda n&#227;o temos o dispositivo Amulet (St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN) no Brasil, e o sistema LAmbre (Lifetech Scientific, Shenzhen, China) tornou-se dispon&#237;vel em nosso mercado somente em janeiro de 2018.</p>
        <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o aos dois pacientes nos quais detectou-se forma&#231;&#227;o trombo sobre a pr&#243;tese no seguimento, em ambos os casos o AAE foi completamente fechado. A forma&#231;&#227;o de trombo n&#227;o estava relacionada a fluxo residual do AAE - portanto, n&#227;o havia indica&#231;&#227;o para procedimento adicional - mas desenvolveu-se sobre a superf&#237;cie do dispositivo. Ambos os pacientes foram tratados com reinstitui&#231;&#227;o da anticoagula&#231;&#227;o oral por 3 meses com resolu&#231;&#227;o de trombo, e n&#227;o houve outras consequ&#234;ncias cl&#237;nicas adversas.</p>
        <sig-block>
          <sig>
            <bold>&#202;nio E. Gu&#233;rios, em nome dos investigadores do Registro Brasileiro de Oclus&#227;o Percut&#226;nea do Ap&#234;ndice Atrial Esquerdo</bold>
          </sig>
        </sig-block>
      </body>
    </sub-article>
  </sub-article>
</article>
