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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">56ZvdD8HgRF9rbkMBCqMxXw</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2018000400397</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20180057</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Image</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Simultaneous Dual Coronary Fistulas</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ntalas</surname>
            <given-names>Ioannis</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Chambers</surname>
            <given-names>John B.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kar&#225;dy</surname>
            <given-names>J&#250;lia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rajani</surname>
            <given-names>Ronak</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Guy&#8217;s and St Thomas&#8217; NHS Foundation Trust</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">St Thomas&#8217; Hospital</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Department of Cardiology</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>London</city>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="GB">United Kingdom</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Department of Cardiology - St Thomas&#8217; Hospital - Guy&#8217;s and St Thomas&#8217; NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Semmelweis University</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Heart and Vascular Center</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Budapest</city>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="HU">Hungary</country>
        <institution content-type="original">MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group - Heart and Vascular Center - Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary</institution>
        <institution content-type="normalized">Semmelweis University of Medical Sciences</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Ioannis Ntalas,</bold> Department of Cardiology, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge, Lambeth, SE1 7EH, London, UK. E-mail: <email>Ioannis.Ntalas@gstt.nhs.uk</email>, <email>dr.ntalas@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research and analysis and interpretation of the data: Ntalas I, Chambers JB, Kar&#225;dy J, Rajani R; Acquisition of data: Ntalas I, Kar&#225;dy J, Rajani R; Writing of the manuscript: Ntalas I, Rajani R; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Ntalas I, Chambers JB, Kar&#225;dy J, Rajani R.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2018</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>110</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>397</fpage>
      <lpage>398</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2017</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2017</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2017</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Systolic Murmurs</kwd>
        <kwd>Echocardiography</kwd>
        <kwd>Computed Tomography Angiography</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A 61-year-old man with type II diabetes mellitus was referred with breathlessness on exertion. On auscultation, there was a continuous ejection systolic murmur on the left upper sternal border. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a dilated vessel in aortic wall in the parasternal long axis view (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1A</xref>) and a spherical lesion in the apical 4-chamber view (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1B</xref>). A coronary computed tomographic angiographic (CTCA) study revealed a dilated and ectatic right coronary artery (RCA). It arose from the ascending aorta at the 12 o'clock position and followed a tortuous course around the right sided atrioventricular groove before passing into the basal inferoseptum draining into the base of the right ventricle. An additional fistulous connection could be detected between the posterior descending artery of the RCA and the left anterior descending artery (LAD-RCA fistula) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1G</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">H</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">I</xref>). After a normal dobutamine stress echocardiogram, a decision for continued medical therapy was taken.</p>
    <p>
      <fig id="f1">
        <label>Figure 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>A-C) show the parasternal long axis (1A), apical 4-chamber (1B) and short axis (1C) TTE views of the left ventricle. The white arrow shows the presence of a spherical structure in the 4-chamber view and a dilated blood vessel in the short axis view. D-F) show the corresponding CTCA appearances of these findings in the same &#8220;echocardiographic views&#8221;. G) shows the 3D volume rendered image of the heart with dilated and tortuous RCA and LAD. H) shows the anatomical connection of the RCA fistula to the base of the inferior RV and a continuation of the PDA to the LAD and I) shows the LAD to PDA continuation. LV: left ventricle; RV: right ventricle; LA: left atrium; RA: right atrium; Ao: aorta; MPA: main pulmonary artery; RVOT: right ventricular outflow tract; TTE: transthoracic echocardiogram; CTCA: cardiac computed tomography angiography; RCA: right coronary artery; LAD: left anterior descending artery; PDA: posterior descending artery.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-110-04-0397-80057-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p>Primary coronary artery fistulas (CAF) are rare congenital communications between one or more coronary arteries and a cardiac chamber or a great vessel. The RCA represents the most frequent site of origin of CAF in 60% of cases followed by the left coronary artery in 35% while two CAF are uncommon (&lt; 5%).</p>
    <p>The current case demonstrates the utility of CTCA in elucidating otherwise unusual transthoracic echocardiographic appearances.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Imagem</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>F&#237;stulas Coron&#225;rias Duais Simult&#226;neas</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ntalas</surname>
            <given-names>Ioannis</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Chambers</surname>
            <given-names>John B.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kar&#225;dy</surname>
            <given-names>J&#250;lia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rajani</surname>
            <given-names>Ronak</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Department of Cardiology - St Thomas&#8217; Hospital - Guy&#8217;s and St Thomas&#8217; NHS Foundation Trust, Londres - Reino Unido</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="original">MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group - Heart and Vascular Center - Semmelweis University, Budapeste - Hungria</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Ioannis Ntalas,</bold> Department of Cardiology, St Thomas&#8217; Hospital, Westminster Bridge Rd, Lambeth,SE1 7EH, Londres, UK<bold>.</bold> E-mail: <email>Ioannis.Ntalas@gstt.nhs.uk</email>, <email>dr.ntalas@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa e an&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Ntalas I, Chambers JB, Kar&#225;dy J, Rajani R; Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Ntalas I, Kar&#225;dy J, Rajani R; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Ntalas I, Rajani R; Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Ntalas I, Chambers JB, Kar&#225;dy J, Rajani R.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesses</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Sopros Sist&#243;licos</kwd>
        <kwd>Ecocardiografia</kwd>
        <kwd>Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Um homem de 61 anos com diabetes mellitus tipo II foi encaminhado com falta de ar no esfor&#231;o. Na ausculta&#231;&#227;o, havia sopro sist&#243;lico de eje&#231;&#227;o cont&#237;nua na borda esternal superior esquerda. O ecocardiograma transtor&#225;cico mostrou um vaso dilatado na parede a&#243;rtica na vis&#227;o do eixo longo paraesternal (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 1A</xref>) e uma les&#227;o esf&#233;rica na vis&#227;o apical de 4 c&#226;maras (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 1B</xref>). Um estudo coron&#225;rio de angiografia tomogr&#225;fica calculada (TCCA) revelou uma art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria direita dilatada e ect&#225;sica (ACD). Originava-se na aorta ascendente na posi&#231;&#227;o das 12 horas e seguia um curso tortuoso em torno do sulco atrioventricular do lado direito antes de passar para o septo inferior basal drenando na base do ventr&#237;culo direito. Uma conex&#227;o fistulosa adicional poderia ser detectada entre a art&#233;ria descendente posterior do ACD e a art&#233;ria descendente anterior esquerda (f&#237;stula ADE-ACD) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 1G</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">H</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">I</xref>). Ap&#243;s um ecocardiograma normal de estresse com dobutamina, foi tomada a decis&#227;o de terapia m&#233;dica cont&#237;nua.</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f2">
          <label>Figura 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>A-C) mostra o eixo longo paraesternal. Mostram as vis&#245;es ETT de eixo longo paraesternal (1A) apical de 4 c&#226;maras (1B) e do eixo curto (1C) do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo. A seta branca mostra a presen&#231;a de uma estrutura esf&#233;rica na vis&#227;o de 4 c&#226;maras e um vaso sangu&#237;neo dilatado na vis&#227;o do eixo curto. D-F) mostram as apar&#234;ncias correspondentes a TCCA desses achados nas mesmas "vis&#245;es ecocardiogr&#225;ficas". G) mostra a imagem 3D do cora&#231;&#227;o com ACD e ADE tortuosas e dilatadas. H) mostra a conex&#227;o anat&#244;mica da f&#237;stula ACD &#224; base do VD inferior e uma continua&#231;&#227;o do ADP para a ADE e I) mostra a continua&#231;&#227;o da ADE para a ADP. VE: ventr&#237;culo esquerdo; VD: ventr&#237;culo direito; AE: &#225;trio esquerdo; AD: &#225;trio direito; Ao: aorta; MPA: art&#233;ria pulmonar principal; RVOT eto de sa&#237;da ventricular direita; ETT: ecocardiograma transtor&#225;cico; TCCA: tomografia computadorizada card&#237;aca angiogr&#225;fica; ACD: art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria direita; ADE: art&#233;ria descendente anterior esquerda; ADP: art&#233;ria descendente posterior.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-110-04-0397-80057-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p>As f&#237;stulas da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria prim&#225;ria (ACP) s&#227;o comunica&#231;&#245;es cong&#234;nitas raras entre uma ou mais art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias e uma c&#226;mara card&#237;aca ou um grande vaso. A ACD representa o local de origem mais frequente da ACP em 60% dos casos, seguido da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria esquerda em 35%, enquanto duas ACP s&#227;o incomuns (&lt; 5%).</p>
      <p>O caso atual demonstra a utilidade do TCCA para elucidar de outro modo apar&#234;ncias ecocardiogr&#225;ficas transtor&#225;cicas incomuns.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
