<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="editorial" dtd-version="1.0" specific-use="sps-1.6" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">FMmH8DX3xrY7R3MBn5ZNphj</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2017001400387</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20170163</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The Freedom of Clinicians and the Art of the Impossible</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Madeira</surname>
            <given-names>Hugo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de Lisboa</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Centro Cardiovascular</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Lisboa</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Past-President of the Federation of the Portuguese Language Societies of Cardiology; Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa - Portugal</institution>
          <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade de Lisboa</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Hugo Madeira</bold> Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa - Centro Cardiovascular, piso 2 - Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649 - 028 Lisboa - Portugal. E-mail: <email>hcmadeira.fml.ul@sapo.pt</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2017</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>109</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>387</fpage>
      <lpage>388</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Risk Factors</kwd>
        <kwd>Blood Pressure / control &amp; prevention</kwd>
        <kwd>Primary Health Care</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Systemic arterial hypertension - or simply hypertension, in casual language - is considered the major and most common risk factor for death and disability of non-communicable diseases.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Its prevalence in Europe ranges from 30% to 45%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> In the United States, two thirds of the adults older than 60 years are hypertensive.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> In South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, hypertension has increased rapidly.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> Recently, the world prevalence of hypertension was estimated at 31%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>
		</p>
    <p>The last three decades have witnessed the development of several effective and safe drugs to treat hypertensives. However, although a blood pressure reduction by only 10 mm Hg in those patients is known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death and stroke by 25-40% throughout life,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> the threshold value or target value to be achieved in hypertensive adults in general, and in the elderly in particular, is controversial. In addition, several patients remain poorly controlled despite treatment, without reaching the target values of the ESC/ESH Recommendations<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> or those suggested as a result of the SPRINT study.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>
		</p>
    <p>Several guidelines/recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension have been published by scientific societies or other international and national public agencies, without reaching absolute consensus. Regarding the systolic blood pressure levels originally proposed by the <italic>5th Joint National Committee</italic> (&lt; 140 mmHg)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> and those emerging from the SPRINT study (&lt; 120 mmHg), there is an indecision/decision range, and although it is believed that "lower blood pressure is better" for patients in general, the clinicians should decide.</p>
    <p>Recommendations in medicine, originally clinical practice guides suggesting an approach for the management of difficult clinical situations, let clinicians free to adjust therapy according to the patient's specificity. For example, in case of hypertension, clinicians could decide upon a more "aggressive" therapy for younger patients, even if asymptomatic, or upon a more conservative one (admitting higher systolic blood pressure levels) for the elderly, supposedly - what is still a matter of discussion - more susceptible to complications from treatment itself.</p>
    <p>That initial therapeutic flexibility has diminished, although not explicitly. The recommendations, written and edited based on studies not rarely different from the real world, began to define what clinicians should do in each circumstance, under penalty of their performance being considered poor clinical practice. Briefly, the "recommendations" became "guidelines", and the semantic change in Portuguese says a lot.</p>
    <p>It is worth noting that attending physicians should always, taking into account their patients' characteristics - cardiovascular risk, general well-being, weaknesses and options - and weighing the drawbacks from occasional adverse effects of treatment, make the best decisions.</p>
    <p>In this scenario, the guidelines now published were created, intended for the Federation of the Portuguese Language Societies of Cardiology (<italic>Federa&#231;&#227;o das Sociedades de Cardiologia de L&#237;ngua Portuguesa</italic> - FSCLP - <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.fsclp.org/">www.fsclp.org</ext-link>). The FSCLP was created in 2014 aimed mainly at <italic>"promoting the development of</italic>
			<italic>Cardiology to serve the population of countries and territories whose official language is Portuguese"</italic> - (statutes, 4<sup>th</sup> article). Prior to its foundation, Lusophone Cardiology Meetings were held in Cape Verde (2009) and Mozambique (2011). The first FSCLP Congress was held in Portugal in 2016, and the second one will be held in Brazil in November 2017.</p>
    <p>In the already-mentioned statutes, the pathways to substantiate the major objective are succinctly enunciated, the most important being: to stimulate the study and investigation of the scientific issues related to cardiovascular disease; to analyze the social aspects of heart diseases and their prevention, as well as patient care; and to narrow the relationship between the physicians of Portuguese-speaking societies and communities dedicated to cardiology. Concisely, to develop Lusophone Cardiology.</p>
    <p>To create more guidelines<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> for the FSCLP that would not repeat what is already written seemed like an impossible challenge. Nevertheless, these Guidelines for <italic>"Arterial Hypertension Management in Primary Heath Care in Portuguese Language Countries"</italic> emerge valuable. Firstly, they depict accurately the reality of the Lusophone space, with its similarities and differences. Secondly, avoiding excessive observations, they do not leave essential aspects out. Thirdly - and decisively - they emphasize the importance of hypertension prevention and treatment in primary health care, which is, after all, their objective. Finally, they take into account the medical, social and economic characteristics of the space they are destined for.</p>
    <p>In addition, these Guidelines<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> published here have another very significant merit: they are the first scientific and pedagogical work by the FSCLP, which is something to be proud of. These Guidelines are aimed at meeting the goals of the FSCLP and at taking a big step towards the beginning of a <italic>"continuous process, involving mainly educational actions, lifestyle changes and guaranteed access to medicines"</italic> for hypertension, as stated in the document itself.</p>
    <p>The authors of these Guidelines have outlined with Art what seemed Impossible.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1 Lim SS, VosT, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adair-Rohani H, et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380(9859):2224-60. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Lim</surname>
              <given-names>SS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Vos</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Flaxman</surname>
              <given-names>AD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Danaei</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Shibuya</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Adair-Rohani</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010</article-title>
          <source>Lancet</source>
          <year>2012</year>
          <volume>380</volume>
          <issue>9859</issue>
          <fpage>2224</fpage>
          <lpage>2260</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>2 Murray CJ, Vos T, Lozano R, Naghavi M, Flaxman AD, Michaud C, et al. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380(9859):2197-223. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Murray</surname>
              <given-names>CJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Vos</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lozano</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Naghavi</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Flaxman</surname>
              <given-names>AD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Michaud</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010</article-title>
          <source>Lancet</source>
          <year>2012</year>
          <volume>380</volume>
          <issue>9859</issue>
          <fpage>2197</fpage>
          <lpage>2223</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>3 Mancia G, Fagard R, Narkiewicz K, Redon J, Zanchetti A, B&#246;hm M, et al. 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2013;34(28):2159-219. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht151.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Mancia</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Fagard</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Narkiewicz</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Redon</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Zanchetti</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>B&#246;hm</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>2013 ESH/ESC guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)</article-title>
          <source>Eur Heart J</source>
          <year>2013</year>
          <volume>34</volume>
          <issue>28</issue>
          <fpage>2159</fpage>
          <lpage>2219</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/eurheartj/eht151</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>4 Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, et al; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2013;127(1):e6-245. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31828124ad. Erratum in: Circulation. 2013;127(23):e841.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Go</surname>
              <given-names>AS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mozaffarian</surname>
              <given-names>D</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Roger</surname>
              <given-names>VL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Benjamin</surname>
              <given-names>EJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Berry</surname>
              <given-names>JD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Borden</surname>
              <given-names>WB</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
            <collab>American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee</collab>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
          <year>2013</year>
          <volume>127</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>e6</fpage>
          <lpage>245</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1161/CIR.0b013e31828124ad</pub-id>
          <comment>Erratum in: Circulation. 2013;127(23):e841</comment>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation>5 NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19.1 million participants. Lancet. 2017;39(10064):37-35. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31919-5.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <collab>NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)</collab>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19.1 million participants</article-title>
          <source>Lancet</source>
          <year>2017</year>
          <volume>39</volume>
          <issue>10064</issue>
          <fpage>37</fpage>
          <lpage>35</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31919-5</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation>6 Mills KT, Bundy JD, Kelly TN, Reed JE, Kearney PM, Reynolds K, et al. Global disparities of hypertension prevalence and control: a systematic analysis of population-based studies from 90 countries. Circulation. 2016;134(6):441-50. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018912.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Mills</surname>
              <given-names>KT</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bundy</surname>
              <given-names>JD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kelly</surname>
              <given-names>TN</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Reed</surname>
              <given-names>JE</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kearney</surname>
              <given-names>PM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Reynolds</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Global disparities of hypertension prevalence and control: a systematic analysis of population-based studies from 90 countries</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
          <year>2016</year>
          <volume>134</volume>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <fpage>441</fpage>
          <lpage>450</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018912</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation>7 Law MR, Morris JK, Wald NJ. Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomized trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies. BMJ. 2009;338:b1665. doi: 10.1136/bmj.b1665.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Law</surname>
              <given-names>MR</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Morris</surname>
              <given-names>JK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Wald</surname>
              <given-names>NJ</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomized trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies</article-title>
          <source>BMJ</source>
          <year>2009</year>
          <volume>338</volume>
          <fpage>b1665</fpage>
          <lpage>b1665</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1136/bmj.b1665</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>8 Wright JT Jr, Williamson JD, Whelton PK, Snyder JK, Sink KM, Rocco MV, et al; SPRINT Research Group. A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control. N Eng J Med. 2015;373(22):2103-16. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1511939.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Wright</surname>
              <given-names>JT</given-names>
              <suffix>Jr</suffix>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Williamson</surname>
              <given-names>JD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Whelton</surname>
              <given-names>PK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Snyder</surname>
              <given-names>JK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sink</surname>
              <given-names>KM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rocco</surname>
              <given-names>MV</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
            <collab>SPRINT Research Group</collab>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>A randomized trial of intensive versus standard blood-pressure control</article-title>
          <source>N Eng J Med</source>
          <year>2015</year>
          <volume>373</volume>
          <issue>22</issue>
          <fpage>2103</fpage>
          <lpage>2116</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1056/NEJMoa1511939</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation>9 The Fifth Report of The Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNCV). Arch Intern Med. 1993;153(2):154-83. PMID: 8422206.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="book">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <collab>The Fifth Report of The Joint National Committee on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNCV)</collab>
          </person-group>
          <source>Arch Intern Med</source>
          <year>1993</year>
          <volume>153</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>154</fpage>
          <lpage>183</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="pmid">8422206</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation>10 Oliveira GM, Morais JC, Mendes MF, Soares MB, Moreira Filho O, Malachias MV, et al. 2017: Diretrizes em Hipertens&#227;o Arterial para Cuidados Prim&#225;rios nos Pa&#237;ses de L&#237;ngua Portuguesa. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017;109(5):389-96. doi: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/abc.20170165">http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/abc.20170165</ext-link>.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Oliveira</surname>
              <given-names>GM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Morais</surname>
              <given-names>JC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mendes</surname>
              <given-names>MF</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Soares</surname>
              <given-names>MB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Moreira</surname>
              <given-names>O</given-names>
              <suffix>Filho</suffix>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Malachias</surname>
              <given-names>MV</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>2017: Diretrizes em Hipertens&#227;o Arterial para Cuidados Prim&#225;rios nos Pa&#237;ses de L&#237;ngua Portuguesa</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2017</year>
          <volume>109</volume>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <fpage>389</fpage>
          <lpage>396</lpage>
          <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/abc.20170165">http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/abc.20170165</ext-link>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A Liberdade dos Cl&#237;nicos e a Arte do Imposs&#237;vel</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Madeira</surname>
            <given-names>Hugo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <institution content-type="original">Presidente-passado da Federa&#231;&#227;o das Sociedades de Cardiologia de L&#237;ngua Portuguesa; Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa - Portugal</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Hugo Madeira</bold> Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa - Centro Cardiovascular, piso 2 - Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649 - 028 Lisboa - Portugal. E-mail: <email>hcmadeira.fml.ul@sapo.pt</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Fatores de Risco</kwd>
        <kwd>Press&#227;o Arterial / controle &amp; preven&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Cuidados Prim&#225;rios da Sa&#250;de</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>A hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica - que na linguagem corrente designamos simplesmente por hipertens&#227;o - &#233; considerada o principal (e o mais comum) fator de risco de morte e incapacidade nas doen&#231;as n&#227;o transmiss&#237;veis.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> A sua preval&#234;ncia na Europa varia entre 30 e 45%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Nos Estados Unidos, dois ter&#231;os dos adultos com mais de 60 anos s&#227;o hipertensos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Na &#193;sia do sul e na &#193;frica subsaariana, a hipertens&#227;o tem crescido rapidamente.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> Recentemente, a preval&#234;ncia mundial da hipertens&#227;o foi estimada em 31%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Nas &#250;ltimas tr&#234;s d&#233;cadas t&#234;m surgido muitos f&#225;rmacos eficazes e seguros para o tratamento dos hipertensos. No entanto, apesar de se saber que a redu&#231;&#227;o da press&#227;o arterial em apenas 10 mmHg nesses doentes pode, ao longo da vida, reduzir o risco de morte cardiovascular e acidente vascular cerebral entre 25 e 40%,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> subsiste a controv&#233;rsia sobre qual o valor limiar ou valor alvo a conseguir nos adultos hipertensos em geral, e nos idosos em particular. Al&#233;m disso, muitos doentes apesar de tratados permanecem mal controlados, n&#227;o se atingindo os valores alvos das Recomenda&#231;&#245;es das ESC/ESH<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> ou os sugeridos como resultado do estudo SPRINT.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Est&#227;o publicadas muitas <italic>"Guidelines"</italic>/Recomenda&#231;&#245;es para o diagn&#243;stico e tratamento da hipertens&#227;o, quer por sociedades cient&#237;ficas quer por outros organismos p&#250;blicos, internacionais e nacionais, mas nem nessas h&#225; um consenso absoluto. Entre os valores para a press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica originalmente propostos pelo <italic>5th Joint National Committee</italic> (&lt; 140 mmHg)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> e os que emergiram com o estudo SPRINT (&lt; 120 mmHg), h&#225; uma faixa de indecis&#227;o/decis&#227;o e, embora se acredite que "menor press&#227;o &#233; melhor" para a generalidade dos doentes, &#233; aos cl&#237;nicos que compete decidir.</p>
      <p>As recomenda&#231;&#245;es em medicina, originalmente guias de pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica sugerindo uma abordagem para o tratamento de situa&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas dif&#237;ceis, deixavam aos cl&#237;nicos a liberdade de ajustar a terap&#234;utica de acordo com a especificidade do paciente. Por exemplo, no caso da hipertens&#227;o, poderiam decidir-se por uma maior "agressividade" terap&#234;utica em doentes mais jovens, mesmo se assintom&#225;ticos, e serem mais conservadores (admitindo valores de press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica mais altos) em idosos, supostamente - o que ainda &#233; mat&#233;ria de discuss&#227;o - mais suscept&#237;veis de terem complica&#231;&#245;es decorrentes do pr&#243;prio tratamento.</p>
      <p>Essa flexibilidade terap&#234;utica inicial tem-se vindo a esbater, ainda que n&#227;o de forma expl&#237;cita. As recomenda&#231;&#245;es, escritas e editadas com base em estudos por vezes diversos do mundo real, passaram a definir o que os cl&#237;nicos devem fazer em cada circunst&#226;ncia, sob pena de a sua atua&#231;&#227;o poder ser considerada m&#225; pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica. Em suma, as "Recomenda&#231;&#245;es" passaram a ser "Diretrizes" e a mudan&#231;a sem&#226;ntica na L&#237;ngua Portuguesa diz muito.</p>
      <p>N&#227;o ser&#225; pois descabido relembrar que ao m&#233;dico assistente caber&#225; sempre, consideradas as caracter&#237;sticas do seu doente - risco cardiovascular, bem-estar geral, fragilidades e op&#231;&#245;es - e ponderados os inconvenientes resultantes de eventuais efeitos adversos do tratamento, tomar as melhores decis&#245;es.</p>
      <p>&#201; neste panorama que foram criadas as Diretrizes que hoje se publicam, destinadas ao espa&#231;o da Cardiologia de L&#237;ngua Portuguesa e sua Federa&#231;&#227;o. A Federa&#231;&#227;o das Sociedades de Cardiologia de L&#237;ngua Portuguesa (FSCLP - <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.fsclp.org/">www.fsclp.org</ext-link>) foi criada em 2014 com o objetivo principal de <italic>"promover o desenvolvimento da Cardiologia ao servi&#231;o da popula&#231;&#227;o dos pa&#237;ses e territ&#243;rios onde a L&#237;ngua Portuguesa &#233; oficial"</italic> - (estatutos, artigo 4&#186;). Precedendo a sua funda&#231;&#227;o, foram realizadas Jornadas Lus&#243;fonas de Cardiologia em Cabo Verde (2009) e em Mo&#231;ambique (2011). O I Congresso da FSCLP teve lugar em Portugal (2016); o II Congresso vai ocorrer no Brasil, em novembro de 2017.</p>
      <p>Nos estatutos j&#225; referidos s&#227;o enunciadas, de forma sucinta, as vias para a concretiza&#231;&#227;o do objetivo principal, marcando como priorit&#225;rios: o est&#237;mulo ao estudo e &#224; investiga&#231;&#227;o de problemas cient&#237;ficos das doen&#231;as cardiovasculares; a an&#225;lise dos aspectos sociais das cardiopatias e da preven&#231;&#227;o e assist&#234;ncia aos doentes; e a promo&#231;&#227;o do estreitamento das rela&#231;&#245;es entre os m&#233;dicos das sociedades e comunidades de l&#237;ngua portuguesa, que se dedicam &#224; cardiologia. Numa palavra, trata-se de desenvolver a lusofonia cardiol&#243;gica.</p>
      <p>Criar para a FSCLP e seu espa&#231;o mais umas Diretrizes,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> que n&#227;o repitam o que j&#225; est&#225; escrito, afigurava-se um desafio imposs&#237;vel. E no entanto, estas Diretrizes para <italic>"Cuidados Prim&#225;rios em Hipertens&#227;o nos pa&#237;ses de L&#237;ngua Portuguesa"</italic> surgem v&#237;rtuosas. Primeiramente, retratam fielmente a realidade do espa&#231;o lus&#243;fono, com suas similitudes e diferen&#231;as. Em segundo lugar, evitando considerandos excessivos, n&#227;o t&#234;m omiss&#245;es dos aspectos essenciais de que tratam. Em terceiro lugar - e de forma decisiva - acentuam muito bem a import&#226;ncia da preven&#231;&#227;o e do tratamento da hipertens&#227;o nos cuidados prim&#225;rios de sa&#250;de, afinal o seu objetivo. Por &#250;ltimo, t&#234;m em conta as caracter&#237;sticas m&#233;dicas, sociais e econ&#244;micas do espa&#231;o a que se destinam.</p>
      <p>H&#225; ainda um outro m&#233;rito muito significativo neste documento: estas Diretrizes,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> aqui publicadas, constituem o primeiro trabalho cient&#237;fico e pedag&#243;gico produzido pela FSCLP e isso deve ser relevado. Com ele, pretende-se cumprir objetivos da FSCLP e no caso vertente, dar um poderoso passo para o in&#237;cio de um <italic>"processo continuado, envolvendo fundamentalmente a&#231;&#245;es de educa&#231;&#227;o, de mudan&#231;as de estilo de vida e garantia de acesso aos medicamentos"</italic> na &#225;rea da hipertens&#227;o, como &#233; afirmado no pr&#243;prio documento.</p>
      <p>Os autores destas Diretrizes delinearam com Arte o que parecia Imposs&#237;vel.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
