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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">RVMdyTwBf8rNyfbk4nLMCMf</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2017001300376</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20170101</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Case Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Spider-Like Coronary Anatomy; the True Spider!</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cerit</surname>
            <given-names>Levent</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Duygu</surname>
            <given-names>Hamza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>G&#252;l&#351;en</surname>
            <given-names>Kamil</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kemal</surname>
            <given-names>Hatice</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ozcem</surname>
            <given-names>Barcin</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Near East University</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Department of Cardiology</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Nicosia</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="CY">Cyprus</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Near East University - Department of Cardiology, Nicosia, Cyprus</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Near East University</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Department of Cardiovascular Surgery</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Nicosia</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="CY">Cyprus</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Near East University - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nicosia, Cyprus</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Levent Cerit</bold>, Near East University Hospital. Near East Street. Postal Code 07100, Nicosia - Turkey. E-mail: <email>drcerit@hotmail.com</email>; <email>drcerit@yahoo.com</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research, Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of the data, Writing of the manuscript and Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Cerit L, Duygu H, Gulsen K, Kemal H, Ozcem B.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2017</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>109</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>376</fpage>
      <lpage>377</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>01</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Coronary Vessels / anatomy &amp; histology</kwd>
        <kwd>Coronary Vessels Anomalies</kwd>
        <kwd>Tomography</kwd>
        <kwd>X-Ray Computed</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>Coronary anomalies are uncommon, affecting approximately 0.3-5.6% of the general population according to the literature. However, some cases can result in severe life-threatening events, such as myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, and acute myocardial infarction.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>
			</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="cases">
      <title>Case Report</title>
      <p>A 55 year-old man was admitted to the hospital with typical chest pain; the ECG and cardiac biomarkers were normal. He had a history of hypertension and coronary angiography (CAG) a year ago due to unstable angina pectoris and a drug-eluting stent was implanted at the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. CAG was performed at admission due to persistent chest pain and a single right coronary ostium was seen at the right coronary sinus, where LAD artery, left circumflex coronary (LCx) artery and right coronary artery (RCA) arose altogether. Non-significant plaques were seen at LAD and LCx, whereas RCA was obstructed from the middle segment and retrograde perfusion was observed (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1A</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">1B</xref>). The patient was treated conservatively and reported no chest pain 12 months later. The single coronary ostium is classified into 20 categories based on the ostium's location and our patient had characteristics of type IID<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1C</xref>). Although type IID coronary anomaly has been described before, it has been reported only once and this is the second case of literature showing a single coronary ostium originating from the right coronary ostium.</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f1">
          <label>Figure 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>(A,B) Coronary angiographic imaging in the left anterior oblique projection showing three coronary arteries originating from right sinus of Valsalva. (C) Schematic drawing of the coronary anomaly.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-109-04-0376-70101-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discussion</title>
      <p>Single coronary artery (SCA) from the right sinus of Valsalva was detected in 0.019% on coronary angiography<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>. Shirani and Roberts<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> reported 97 cases of SCA, 51 of which originated from the right sinus of Valsalva.</p>
      <p>Lipton et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> recommended a classification, which was modified by Yamanaka and Hobbs.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Depending on the sinus of origin, the anomalous artery is designated as R (right) or L (left). It is further classified as: Type I: normal course of left or RCA with a continuation into the absent artery's territory. Type II: Anomalous artery arises from the proximal part of the other normal artery and courses the base of the heart before taking the native course. Type III: The LAD and LCx arteries arise from the proximal part of the RCA. Type III anomalies are very rare. Single coronary ostium is classified into 20 categories, based on the ostium's location and our patient had characteristics of type IID.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Although type IID coronary anomaly has been described before, it has been reported only once and this is the second case in the literature showing single coronary ostium originating from the right coronary ostium.</p>
      <p>CT angiography might be very useful in detecting the anatomical malformations, acute angle take-off, the transmural course, and compression between the great arteries, which would require surgery.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Canbay et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> reported three cases of anomalous single coronary artery detected incidentally during routine coronary angiography.</p>
      <p>The SCA anomaly is mostly asymptomatic. However, some cases can result in severe life-threatening events such as myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, and acute myocardial infarction.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Recurrent chest pain without atherosclerosis in patients with SCA must be evaluated by computed tomography or pulmonary catheterization to determine the course of the artery.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>
			</p>
      <p>SCA is usually diagnosed incidentally during coronary angiographies or on postmortem evaluations. Multislice computed tomography is more effective than coronary angiography in determining coronary anomalies.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>
			</p>
      <p>The treatment strategy for single coronary artery has yet to be defined. Coronary artery bypass surgery might be useful in patients with anomalous coronary artery coursing between the aorta and main pulmonary artery or/and patients with atherosclerosis may benefit from revascularization procedures.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
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        <mixed-citation>1 Yamanaka O, Hobbs RE. Coronary artery anomalies in 126,595 patients undergoing coronary arteriography. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn. 1990;21(1):28-40.</mixed-citation>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Anatomia Coronariana em Posi&#231;&#227;o Spider: a Verdadeira Aranha!</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cerit</surname>
            <given-names>Levent</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Duygu</surname>
            <given-names>Hamza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>G&#252;l&#351;en</surname>
            <given-names>Kamil</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kemal</surname>
            <given-names>Hatice</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ozcem</surname>
            <given-names>Barcin</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">2</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Near East University - Department of Cardiology, Nicosia, Cyprus</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Near East University - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nicosia, Cyprus</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Levent Cerit</bold>, Near East University Hospital. Near East Street. 07100, Nicosia - Turquia. E-mail: <email>drcerit@hotmail.com</email>; <email>drcerit@yahoo.com</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa, Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados, An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados, Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito e Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Cerit L, Duygu H, Gulsen K, Kemal H, Ozcem B.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesses</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Vasos Coron&#225;rios /anatomia &amp; histologia</kwd>
        <kwd>Anomalias dos Vasos Coron&#225;rios</kwd>
        <kwd>Tomografia Computadorizada por Raio X</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>Anomalias coron&#225;rias s&#227;o raras, afetando aproximadamente 0,3 a 5,6% da popula&#231;&#227;o em geral, de acordo com a literatura. No entanto, alguns casos podem resultar em eventos fatais graves, tais como isquemia do mioc&#225;rdio, arritmias e infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>
				</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="cases">
        <title>Relato de Caso</title>
        <p>Um homem de 55 anos foi admitido no hospital com dor tor&#225;cica t&#237;pica; o ECG e biomarcadores card&#237;acos estavam normais. Ele tinha um hist&#243;rico de hipertens&#227;o e uma angiografia coron&#225;ria (AC) tinha sido realizada um ano antes, devido &#224; angina inst&#225;vel e um stent farmacol&#243;gico foi implantado na art&#233;ria descendente anterior esquerda (ADA). A AC foi realizada por ocasi&#227;o da hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o devido &#224; dor tor&#225;cica persistente e um &#243;stio &#250;nico da coron&#225;ria direita foi visto no seio coronariano direito, de onde a ADA, a art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria circunflexa (CX) e a art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria direita (ACD) emergiam conjuntamente.</p>
        <p>Placas n&#227;o significativas foram observadas na ADA e CX, enquanto a ACD estava obstru&#237;da em seu segmento m&#233;dio e observou-se perfus&#227;o retr&#243;grada (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 1A</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">1B</xref>). O paciente foi tratado de maneira conservadora e n&#227;o relatou dor tor&#225;cica ap&#243;s 12 meses de seguimento. O &#243;stio coronariano &#250;nico &#233; classificado em 20 categorias, baseadas na localiza&#231;&#227;o do &#243;stio e nosso paciente apresentava caracter&#237;sticas do tipo IID<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 1C</xref>). Embora a anomalia coronariana do tipo IID tenha sido descrita anteriormente, foi relatada apenas uma vez e este &#233; o segundo caso da literatura mostrando uma &#243;stio coron&#225;rio &#250;nico originando-se no &#243;stio coron&#225;rio direito.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f2">
            <label>Figura 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>(A,B) Imagem angiogr&#225;fica coron&#225;ria em proje&#231;&#227;o obl&#237;qua anterior esquerda mostrando tr&#234;s art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias com origem no seio de Valsalva direito. (C) Desenho esquem&#225;tico da anomalia coronariana.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-109-04-0376-70101-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
        <p>A art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria &#250;nica (ACU) a partir do seio de Valsalva direito foi detectada em 0,019% na angiografia coron&#225;ria.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Shirani e Roberts<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> relataram 97 casos de ACU, 51 dos quais com origem no seio de Valsalva direito.</p>
        <p>Lipton et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> recomendaram uma classifica&#231;&#227;o, que foi modificada por Yamanaka e Hobbs.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Dependendo do seio de origem, a art&#233;ria an&#244;mala &#233; designada como D (direita) ou E (esquerda). &#201; ainda classificada como: Tipo I: curso normal de ACD ou esquerda com uma continua&#231;&#227;o no territ&#243;rio da art&#233;ria ausente. Tipo II: art&#233;ria an&#244;mala surge a partir da por&#231;&#227;o proximal da outra art&#233;ria normal e percorre a base do cora&#231;&#227;o antes de tomar o curso nativo. Tipo III: a art&#233;rias ADA e CX surgem da por&#231;&#227;o proximal da ACD. As anomalias do tipo III s&#227;o muito raras. O &#243;stio coronariano &#250;nico &#233; classificado em 20 categorias, com base na localiza&#231;&#227;o do &#243;stio e nosso paciente apresentava caracter&#237;sticas do tipo IID.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Embora as anomalias coronarianas tipo IID tenham sido descritas antes, foram relatadas apenas uma vez e este &#233; o segundo caso na literatura de &#243;stio coron&#225;rio &#250;nico com origem no &#243;stio coron&#225;rio direito.</p>
        <p>A angiotomografia pode ser muito &#250;til na detec&#231;&#227;o de malforma&#231;&#245;es anat&#244;micas, &#226;ngulo de sa&#237;da agudo, curso transmural e compress&#227;o entre as grandes art&#233;rias, o que exigiria um procedimento cir&#250;rgico.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Canbay et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> relataram tr&#234;s casos de art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria &#250;nica an&#244;mala detectada incidentalmente durante angiografia coron&#225;ria de rotina.</p>
        <p>A anomalia da ACU &#233; geralmente assintom&#225;tica. No entanto, alguns casos podem resultar em eventos potencialmente fatais, tais como isquemia do mioc&#225;rdio, arritmia, e infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Dor no peito recorrente sem aterosclerose em pacientes com ACU deve ser avaliada por tomografia computadorizada ou cateterismo pulmonar para determinar a trajet&#243;ria da art&#233;ria.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>
				</p>
        <p>A ACU &#233; geralmente diagnosticada acidentalmente durante a angiografia coron&#225;ria ou em necr&#243;psias. A tomografia computadorizada multislice &#233; mais eficaz do que a angiografia coron&#225;ria para determinar anomalias coron&#225;rias.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>
				</p>
        <p>A estrat&#233;gia de tratamento da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria &#250;nica ainda precisa ser definida. A cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria pode ser &#250;til em pacientes com art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria an&#244;mala cursando entre a aorta e a art&#233;ria pulmonar principal e/ou pacientes com aterosclerose podem se beneficiar de procedimentos de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
