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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">S8yVhrdCZ6Tv3v86V3YYHtr</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2017000200135</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20170009</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="previous-pid">S0066-782X2017005003102</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Compliance with the Prescription of Antihypertensive Medications and Blood Pressure Control in Primary Care</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Novello</surname>
            <given-names>Mayra Faria</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rosa</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Luiza Garcia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Ranier Tagarro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nunes</surname>
            <given-names>Icaro Gusm&#227;o</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Jorge</surname>
            <given-names>Antonio Jos&#233; Lagoeiro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Correia</surname>
            <given-names>Dayse Mary da Silva</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Martins</surname>
            <given-names>Wolney de Andrade</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mesquita</surname>
            <given-names>Evandro Tinoco</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal Fluminense</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Medicina Cl&#237;nica</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Niter&#243;i</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Medicina Cl&#237;nica - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brazil</institution>
        <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade Federal Fluminense</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal Fluminense</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestat&#237;stica</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Niter&#243;i</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestat&#237;stica - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brazil</institution>
        <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade Federal Fluminense</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal Fluminense</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Fundamentos de Enfermagem e Administra&#231;&#227;o</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Niter&#243;i</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Fundamentos de Enfermagem e Administra&#231;&#227;o - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brazil</institution>
        <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade Federal Fluminense</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Mayra Faria Novello</bold>, Rua Jos&#233; Higino, 142, Postal Code 20520-202. Tijuca, RJ - Brazil. E-mail: <email>mayranovello@gmail.com</email>, <email>mluizagr@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p><bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p><bold>Author contributions</bold> Conception and design of the research: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Jorge AJL, Correia DMS, Martins WA; Acquisition of data: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Ferreira RT, Nunes IG, Jorge AJL, Correia DMS; Analysis and interpretation of the data: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Ferreira RT, Nunes IG, Jorge AJL, Martins WA; Statistical analysis: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Ferreira RT, Nunes IG, Jorge AJL; Writing of the manuscript: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Jorge AJL, Martins WA; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Ferreira RT, Nunes IG, Jorge AJL, Correia DMS, Martins WA.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>13</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2017</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2017</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>108</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>135</fpage>
      <lpage>142</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>18</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>Abstract</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Background:</title>
          <p>Hypertension is the most prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and its proper control can prevent the high morbidity and mortality associated with this disease.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objective:</title>
          <p>To assess the degree of compliance of antihypertensive prescriptions with the VI Brazilian Guidelines on Hypertension and the blood pressure control rate in primary care.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods:</title>
          <p>Cross-sectional study conducted between August 2011 and November 2012, including 332 adults &#8805; 45 years registered in the Family Doctor Program in Niteroi and selected randomly. The analysis included the prescribed antihypertensive classes, doses, and frequencies, as well as the blood pressure (BP) of the individuals.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p>The rate of prescription compliance was 80%. Diuretics were the most prescribed medications, and dual therapy was the most used treatment. The most common non-compliances were underdosing and underfrequencies. The BP goal in all cases was &lt; 140/90 mmHg, except for diabetic patients, in whom the goal was set at &lt; 130/80 mmHg. Control rates according to these goals were 44.9% and 38.6%, respectively. There was no correlation between prescription compliance and BP control.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusions:</title>
          <p>The degree of compliance was considered satisfactory. The achievement of the targets was consistent with national and international studies, suggesting that the family health model is effective in BP management, although it still needs improvement.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Arterial Pressure</kwd>
        <kwd>Control</kwd>
        <kwd>Drug Prescription</kwd>
        <kwd>Antihypertensive Agents</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>Hypertension is highly prevalent in Western populations, easily identifiable, and susceptible of treatment, comprising one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> The prevalence of hypertension has been increasing along with the increase in life expectancy and changes in lifestyle, with emphasis on the increase of overweight and obesity.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> According to estimates, one-third of the world population will be hypertensive in 2025, a fact that will inexorably bring serious consequences to global public health, particularly through damage in target organs.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>
			</p>
      <p>In spite of solid scientific evidence showing benefits of antihypertensive treatment in the reduction of cardiovascular risk,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> control of blood pressure (BP) to values &lt; 140/90 mmHg is achieved in less than one-quarter of the individuals diagnosed with hypertension and in one-third of those receiving treatment for hypertension, even in countries with a well-structured health system.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> In Brazil, the rates of effective BP control are between 10% and 57%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> Health system deficiencies, low adherence to treatment by the patients, and inertia to start and intensify the therapy and achieve therapeutic goals contribute to the ineffectiveness in controlling this disease.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>
			</p>
      <p>In hypertensive patients, BP control within the recommendations of the guidelines is one of the ways to evaluate the quality of care in hypertension.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> Although most physicians consider the hypertension guidelines as valid, the degree of compliance with the recommendations varies widely, with low implementation of the recommendations in clinical practice resulting in impaired quality of care.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref> The compliance of the prescriptions of antihypertensive drugs to current recommendations has also been used as a way of assessing the quality of care.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>
			</p>
      <p>The aim of this study was to assess the quality of care of hypertensive patients aged 45 to 99 years enrolled in the Family Doctor Program (<italic>Programa M&#233;dico de Fam&#237;lia</italic>, PMF) in Niter&#243;i, Rio de Janeiro, through the assessment of compliance of the prescription of antihypertensive drugs to the VI Brazilian Guidelines for Hypertension (<italic>VI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertens&#227;o</italic>, VI DBH) and the rate of BP control.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>Methods</title>
      <p>The present study is part of the Digitalis Study, a cross-sectional study conducted between August 2011 and November 2012, including a random sample of the population registered in the PMF in Niter&#243;i (state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), of both sexes, aged between 45 and 99 years. Details of the methodology of the Digitalis Study have been previously published.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>
			</p>
      <p>The individuals were invited to attend the PMF unity close to their homes. The researchers were trained and tested in a pilot study carried out in one of the units not included in the analysis.</p>
      <p>All patients were evaluated with medical history, complete physical examination (including anthropometry), and complementary tests. The BP was determined with the patient in the sitting position, using a digital sphygmomanometer (Omron 711 HC, Omron, Kyoto, Japan),<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> with three measurements with an interval of 1 minute between each measurement. In the event of a difference greater than 5 mmHg, a fourth measurement was obtained. The mean BP was calculated considering all the measurements obtained. The precautions taken before and during the BP assessment followed the recommended by the Brazilian Society of Cardiology.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>
			</p>
      <p>The evaluations performed in this study included the level of physical activity of the individuals, classifying them according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) into four items: sedentary, irregularly active, active, and very active.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref> The individuals who did not perform any physical activity for at least 10 continuous minutes during the week in which the questionnaire was applied were considered to be sedentary. To evaluate the consumption of alcohol, we considered a consumption of risk when the daily average exceeded two doses for males and one dose for females.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>
			</p>
      <p>The inclusion criteria comprised declared hypertension and/or use of antihypertensive pharmacological treatment, and ability to provide information about medications in use (prescription and/or medication package and/or complete verbal information about the prescription).</p>
      <p>The goals recommended by the VI DBH<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> were adopted and BP &lt; 140/90 mmHg was defined as the cut-off point for therapeutic efficacy. An exception was made for diabetic patients, whose goal was defined as BP &lt; 130/80 mmHg. The indicators of prescription compliance were defined after revision of the VI DBH,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> establishing the classes of medications that should ideally be prescribed (alone or in combination), as well as the recommended doses and frequencies. In the case of monotherapy, we considered as compliant those prescriptions including the following classes: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi); angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB); adrenergic beta-blockers; thiazide, loop, and potassium-sparing diuretics; or calcium channel blockers. In cases of associations, we evaluated whether the associations were known to be effective and if there were associations of drugs of the same class, with the exception of loop or thiazide diuretics with spironolactone. In the case of triple therapy, we observed whether the prescription included one diuretic, as recommended by the VI DBH.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> We considered as "underdoses" those doses prescribed below the minimum recommended dose by the VI DBH<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> and as "underfrequencies" those prescriptions containing medications prescribed in a frequency of administration below the recommended minimum. Opposite criteria were used to define the "overdoses" and "overfrequencies"<italic>.</italic> A table with all doses and frequencies recommended by the VI DBH was used to classify the prescriptions.</p>
      <p>The analysis of the prescriptions was initially performed considering only the drugs prescribed, without considering the effectiveness of the treatment (BP control). According to this analysis, the prescriptions were categorized as "compliant" or "non-compliant".</p>
      <p>A consolidated analysis considering both the prescription compliance and the adequacy of the BP control categorized patients as being "treatment compliant" when having a compliant prescription associated with controlled BP.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Statistical analysis</title>
        <p>The characteristics of the individuals and the prescriptions are presented in absolute and relative frequencies. We used Pearson's chi-square test for comparison between groups. The level of statistical significance was set at 5%. All analyses were performed using the statistical package SPSS, version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Ethical considerations</title>
        <p>This study was conducted according to the principles set in the Resolution 466/2012 of the National Commission for Research Ethics (CONEP). The study protocol was submitted to the Committee for Ethics in Research of the Hospital Ant&#244;nio Pedro and approved at the plenary meeting of June 11, 2010, under the CAAE number: 0077.0.258.000-10. All subjects signed an informed consent form.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="results">
      <title>Results</title>
      <p>The Digitalis Study evaluated 633 individuals, of whom 332 (53%) were included in the present analysis after meeting the inclusion criteria. <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref> presents the demographic and clinical characteristics of the study patients. The prescribed medications were analyzed in most cases through direct verification of the prescriptions (56.4%), followed by precise information given by the patient or family member (34.3%), and from the medication packaging presented by the patient or family member (9.3%). <xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Table 2</xref> shows the main prescribed medications according to their classes. <xref ref-type="table" rid="t3">Table 3</xref> presents the prescription types (monotherapy or association).</p>
      <table-wrap id="t1">
        <label>Table 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Characteristics of the patients</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="50%"/>
            <col width="50%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">Characteristics</th>
              <th align="center">Individuals analyzed n (%)</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left" colspan="2">
                <bold>Sex</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Male</td>
              <td align="center">103 (31.0)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Female</td>
              <td align="center">229 (69.0)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left" colspan="2">
                <bold>Age (years)</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">45 - 59</td>
              <td align="center">167 (50.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">60 - 69</td>
              <td align="center">90 (27.1)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#8805; 70</td>
              <td align="center">75 (22.6)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left" colspan="2">
                <bold>Self-declared color</bold>
                <sup>
                  <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN2">$</xref>
                </sup>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">White</td>
              <td align="center">108 (32.7)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Hybrid (Black/White)</td>
              <td align="center">126 (38.2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Black</td>
              <td align="center">96 (29.1)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left" colspan="2">
                <bold>Smoking</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Never smoked</td>
              <td align="center">168 (50.6)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Ex-smoker</td>
              <td align="center">108 (32.5)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Smoker</td>
              <td align="center">56 (16.9)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left" colspan="2">
                <bold>Excessive intake of alcohol</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Yes</td>
              <td align="center">24 (7.2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">No</td>
              <td align="center">308 (92.8)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left" colspan="2">
                <bold>Physical activity</bold>
                <sup>
                  <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN3">&amp;</xref>
                </sup>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Sedentary</td>
              <td align="center">77 (27.9)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Irregular</td>
              <td align="center">40 (14.5)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Active</td>
              <td align="center">140 (50.7)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Very active</td>
              <td align="center">19 (6.9)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left" colspan="2">
                <bold>Obesity</bold>
                <sup>
                  <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN4">#</xref>
                </sup>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">BMI &lt; 26 (ideal weight)</td>
              <td align="center">106 (32.1)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">BMI 26 - 29.99 (overweight)</td>
              <td align="center">104 (31.5)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">BMI &#8805; 30</td>
              <td align="center">120 (36.4)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left" colspan="2">
                <bold>Diabetes</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Yes</td>
              <td align="center">107 (32.2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">No</td>
              <td align="center">225 (67.8)</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN1">
            <p>BMI: body mass index.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN2">
            <label>$</label>
            <p>The color was not informed by two individuals.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN3">
            <label>&amp;</label>
            <p>The level of physical activity was not verified in 56 individuals.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN4">
            <label>#</label>
            <p>The BMI (kg/m2) was not evaluated in two individuals.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <table-wrap id="t2">
        <label>Table 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Main prescribed medications (n=332)</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="50%"/>
            <col width="50%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">Name</th>
              <th align="center">N (%)</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Diuretics</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">209 (63.0)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Hydrochlorothiazide</td>
              <td align="center">178 (53.7)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Furosemide</td>
              <td align="center">16 (4.8)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Chlorthalidone</td>
              <td align="center">10 (3.0)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Spironolactone</td>
              <td align="center">3 (0.9)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Indapamide</td>
              <td align="center">2 (0.6)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>ACEi</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">192 (57.8)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Enalapril</td>
              <td align="center">108 (32.5)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Captopril</td>
              <td align="center">81 (24.4)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Lisinopril</td>
              <td align="center">1 (0.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Ramipril</td>
              <td align="center">1 (0.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Cilazapril</td>
              <td align="center">1 (0.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>BB</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">89 (26.8)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Atenolol</td>
              <td align="center">53 (16.0)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Propranolol</td>
              <td align="center">27 (8.1)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Carvedilol</td>
              <td align="center">7 (2.1)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Metoprolol</td>
              <td align="center">1 (0.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Bisoprolol</td>
              <td align="center">1 (0.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>CCB</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">84 (25.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Amlodipine</td>
              <td align="center">41 (12.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Nifedipine</td>
              <td align="center">37 (11.2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Diltiazem</td>
              <td align="center">4 (1.2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Verapamil</td>
              <td align="center">1 (0.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Lercanidipine</td>
              <td align="center">1 (0.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>ARB</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">61 (18.4)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Losartan</td>
              <td align="center">52 (15.7)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Valsartan</td>
              <td align="center">9 (2.7)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Others</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">14 (4.2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Clonidine</td>
              <td align="center">8 (2.4)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Hydralazine</td>
              <td align="center">4 (1.2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Aliskiren</td>
              <td align="center">1 (0.3)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Methyldopa</td>
              <td align="center">1 (0.3)</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN5">
            <p>ACEi: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; BB: beta-blockers; CCB: calcium channel blockers; ARB: angiotensin receptor blockers.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <table-wrap id="t3">
        <label>Table 3</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Main associations of medications (n=332)</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">Type of therapy</th>
              <th align="center">Prescriptions <break/>N (%)</th>
              <th align="center">Diuretics <break/>N (%)</th>
              <th align="center">ACEi <break/>N (%)</th>
              <th align="center">BB <break/>N (%)</th>
              <th align="center">CCB <break/>N (%)</th>
              <th align="center">ARB <break/>N (%)</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Monotherapy</td>
              <td align="center">115 (34.6)</td>
              <td align="center">25 (21.7)</td>
              <td align="center">61 (53.0)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (7.0)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (6.1)</td>
              <td align="center">14 (12.2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Dual therapy</td>
              <td align="center">136 (41.0)</td>
              <td align="center">112 (41.6)</td>
              <td align="center">85 (31.6)</td>
              <td align="center">30 (11.2)</td>
              <td align="center">24 (8.9)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (6.7)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Triple therapy</td>
              <td align="center">60 (18.1)</td>
              <td align="center">50 (28.8)</td>
              <td align="center">34 (19.5)</td>
              <td align="center">34 (19.5)</td>
              <td align="center">35 (20.1)</td>
              <td align="center">21 (12.1)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&gt; 3 medications</td>
              <td align="center">21 (6.3)</td>
              <td align="center">21 (27.6)</td>
              <td align="center">12 (15.8)</td>
              <td align="center">17 (22.4)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (23.7)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (10.5)</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN6">
            <p>ACEi: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; BB: beta-blockers; CCB: calcium channel blockers; ARB: angiotensin receptor blockers.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>In 80.72% of the cases (268 prescriptions), the prescriptions were compliant with the VI DBH<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> with respect to the medication chosen and their dosages and frequencies prescribed by the family doctor.</p>
      <p><xref ref-type="table" rid="t4">Table 4</xref> shows the main non-compliances encountered. Of note, only 1.8% (six prescriptions) presented more than one simultaneous non-compliance. We observed that the non-compliances relative to underdosing and underfrequencies of medications were the ones most commonly found. The use of losartan potassium twice daily, prescribed in approximately 30% of the cases, was not considered a non-compliance despite a recommendation by the VI DBH of a single daily dose, since the prescription of two daily doses has pharmacological support<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref> and is recommended by other guidelines.</p>
      <table-wrap id="t4">
        <label>Table 4</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Main non-compliances encountered</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="12%"/>
            <col width="12%"/>
            <col width="12%"/>
            <col width="12%"/>
            <col width="12%"/>
            <col width="12%"/>
            <col width="12%"/>
            <col width="12%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
              <th align="left" rowspan="2">Prescribed<break/> Medication</th>
              <th align="center">Total</th>
              <th align="center">Underdosing</th>
              <th align="center">Overdosing</th>
              <th align="center">Underfrequency</th>
              <th align="center">Overfrequency</th>
              <th align="center">Triple therapy<break/> without diuretic</th>
              <th align="center">Wrong<break/> association</th>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th align="center">N (%)</th>
              <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medication</th>
              <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medication</th>
              <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medication</th>
              <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medication</th>
              <th align="center">N (%)</th>
              <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medication</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Diuretics</td>
              <td align="center">11 (16)</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">2 (18) HCTZ</td>
              <td align="center">8 (73)</td>
              <td align="center">1 (9) HCTZ +<break/> Chlorthalidone</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">ACEi</td>
              <td align="center">20 (29)</td>
              <td align="center">1 (5) Enalapril</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">10 (50) Captopril</td>
              <td align="center">3 (15) Enalapril</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">6 (30) ACEi +<break/> ARB</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">BB</td>
              <td align="center">15 (21.7)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (20) PPL</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">3 (20) Carvedilol<break/> 7 (47) PPL</td>
              <td align="center">2 (13) Atenolol</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">CCB</td>
              <td align="center">18 (26.1)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (16.7) Nifedipine<break/> 3 (16.7) Diltiazem</td>
              <td align="center">4 (22.2)<break/> Amlodipine</td>
              <td align="center">8 (44.4) Nifedipine</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">ARB</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">ARB + ACEi <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN8">#</xref>
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Other<break/> (Clonidine /<break/> Hydralazine /<break/> Methyldopa)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (7.2)</td>
              <td align="center">2 (40) Hydralazine</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">2 (40) Hydralazine</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">1 (20) Clonidine +<break/> HCTZ</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">TOTAL</td>
              <td align="center">69 (100)</td>
              <td align="center">12 (17.4%)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (5.8%)</td>
              <td align="center">30 (43.5%)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (10.1%)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (11.6%)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (11.6%)</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN7">
            <p>ACEi: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; BB: beta-blockers; CCB: calcium channel blockers; ARB: angiotensin receptor blockers; PPL: propranolol; HCTZ: hydrochlorothiazide.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN8">
            <label>#</label>
            <p>The association ACEi + ARB (six prescriptions) was counted only once, although it was described as non-compliant in regards to ACEi and ARB.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>The rate of achievement of the BP goals according to the VI DBH was 44.9%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> When we considered a lower cut-off point in the case of diabetic patients (target of 130/80 mmHg), the control rate dropped to 38.6%. The BP control showed no significant association with the compliance of the prescription (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t5">Table 5</xref>). The achievement of the BP target among patients with a compliant prescription was 32.5% when the goal was BP &lt; 140/90 mmHg and 28.6% in the case of diabetic patients with a BP goal &lt; 130/80 mmHg.</p>
      <table-wrap id="t5">
        <label>Table 5</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Relationship between BP control and prescription compliance according to cut-off points</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">
							</th>
              <th align="center" colspan="3">BP &lt; 140 / 90 mmHg<break/> All patients</th>
              <th align="center" colspan="3">BP &lt; 140 / 90 mmHg<break/> BP &lt; 130 / 80 mmHg - diabetic patients</th>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">
							</th>
              <th align="center">C</th>
              <th align="center">NC</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
              <th align="center">C</th>
              <th align="center">NC</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Prescription</td>
              <td align="center">N(%)</td>
              <td align="center">N(%)</td>
              <td align="center">0.75</td>
              <td align="center">N(%)</td>
              <td align="center">N(%)</td>
              <td align="center">0.6</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Non-compliant</td>
              <td align="center">24 (16.1)</td>
              <td align="center">40 (21.9)</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">22 (17.2)</td>
              <td align="center">42 (20.6)</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Compliant</td>
              <td align="center">125 (83.9)</td>
              <td align="center">143 (78.1)</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">106 (82.8)</td>
              <td align="center">162 (79.4)</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Total</td>
              <td align="center">149 (44.9)</td>
              <td align="center">183 (55.1)</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">128 (38.6)</td>
              <td align="center">204 (61.4)</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN9">
            <p>C: controlled; NC: not controlled; p: p-value (Pearson&#8217;s chi-square test).</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>We conducted subgroup analyses to identify differences related to the characteristics of the population. We found no significant correlation between the compliance rate and BP control in different subgroups (elderly or sedentary individuals, women, alcoholics, smokers, blacks, and obese). A lower BP control rate was only observed in the group of elderly individuals (&gt; 60 years), corroborating data from the literature.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>
			</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discussion</title>
      <p>In the present study, we observed that the rate of compliance of medical prescriptions of antihypertensive drugs with the VI DBH<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> recommendations was 80%. We found no publications in the consulted bases directly assessing the degree of compliance of prescription of antihypertensive drugs. A study in the evaluation of patterns of prescription of ACEi to users of the Brazilian Unified Health Care System (<italic>Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de,</italic> SUS) has shown that the average prescribed doses of captopril and enalapril maleate followed the doses recommended by the VI DBH,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> with only 0.3% of the patients using captopril overdoses and 0.65% using enalapril overdoses.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref> A study on the compliance with the guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology in regards to heart failure<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">27</xref> revealed a significant gap between the practice in the primary network and the Brazilian guidelines, contrasting with what we observed in the present study in regards to hypertension.</p>
      <p>Several studies have evaluated the most often used antihypertensive drugs in Brazil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">29</xref> and demonstrated the preference for thiazide diuretics, particularly hydrochlorothiazide. Other studies have also demonstrated a preference for the prescription of ACEi in public health units.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30">30</xref> The findings of our study followed the same direction: the main prescribed medications by family doctors were diuretics and ACEi.</p>
      <p>As for the number of medications used, we observed that monotherapy and dual therapy were the most frequent, which is compatible with Brazilian and international hypertension studies.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31">31</xref> The most frequent association of drug classes was that of diuretics with ACEi, a fact that is also in agreement with the literature.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">32</xref> Among the non-compliances found, underdosing and underfrequencies predominated, suggesting that physicians are often slow or too cautious to intensify the antihypertensive treatment, possibly due to fear of adverse effects. We highlight the underfrequency with which captopril and nifedipine extended release were prescribed. Although the VI DBH recommend a minimum administration of twice daily, in practice many doctors are observed to prescribe these drugs only once a day.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Among patients who used underdoses of negative inotropes (propranolol and diltiazem), none had a heart rate below 60 bpm, suggesting that dose escalation was an option. A possible non-compliance related to beta-blockers was the administration (especially of atenolol) to elderly individuals and patients without coronary artery disease. However, these drugs were included in the list of options for treatment of hypertension, according to the guideline in effect at the time of the data collection, and are even included in the group of drugs distributed free of charge by the government. Although these are currently known not to be antihypertensive drugs of choice, these options were considered as compliant.</p>
      <p>We identified a lower rate of prescription of less usual medications, such as hydralazine, diltiazem, or clonidine; additionally, more than 50% of the cases of prescription errors of any kind involved these drugs. All patients using underdoses of hydralazine had systolic BP &#8805; 160 mmHg and could have the doses of this medication adjusted.</p>
      <p>We observed the non-recommended association of ACEi with ARB in 3.7% of the total ACEi prescriptions. This value corresponds to 11.5% of the total ARB prescriptions. This association is currently no longer accepted,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34">34</xref> but it was tolerated when recommended with caution in patients with proteinuria, according to the VI DBH.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> It should be noted that we did not evaluate the occurrence of proteinuria in the individuals evaluated in this study. However, among the patients who used ACEi associated with ARB, only one was diagnosed with chronic renal disease, corroborating the fact that the association of these medications was indeed not compliant.</p>
      <p>Among the patients treated with three or more medications, about 90% used diuretics, showing that family doctors usually associate one diuretic in cases of multiple therapies, as recommended by the guidelines.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> With regard to the diuretics chosen, we observed that 4.8% of the patients used furosemide. Unless these individuals had some justifiable associated edematous condition (such as heart failure, chronic kidney disease, liver failure, glomerulopathy, etc.), this could have been a wrong indication. However, this was not considered a non-compliance, since this drug was part of the list of options for the treatment of hypertension, according to the VI DBH.</p>
      <p>With respect to BP control, we found that 44.9% of the patients had BP levels within the target value &lt; 140/90 mmHg. Obviously, there were lower rates of BP control when the target was reduced to &lt; 130/80 mmHg in hypertensive patients with diabetes. A North-American survey<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35">35</xref> has shown an estimated rate of 50.1% of BP control in 2008. On the other hand, a study in 5,023 adults in 2003 in Portugal showed that only 11.2% of the patients had BP control,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36">36</xref> while a study with more than 120,000 patients between 2005 and 2011 in Italy showed a control rate of 33.6%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37">37</xref> In Canada, in 2009, the percentage of hypertensive patients with BP &lt; 140/90 mmHg was 64.6%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38">38</xref> The levels of BP control found in the present study are consistent with other Brazilian studies.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> A recent review has shown highly variable rates of BP knowledge (22% to 77%), treatment (11.4% to 77.5%), and control (10.1% to 35.5%), depending on the population studied.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B39">39</xref> It should be pointed out that among all the cited studies of BP control, only two Brazilian studies<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> included participants aged above 45 years, as in the present study. Knowing that the maintenance of BP &lt; 140/90 mmHg is more difficult at more advanced ages, it can be said that in this study the frequency of BP control achieved values close to the largest values ever reported in Brazil, despite having been below 50%.</p>
      <p>There was no statistically significant correlation between the compliance of the prescription and BP control, suggesting that the prescription, even in doses and frequencies different from those recommended by the VI DBH,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> was not a determinant factor in the achievement of BP goals.</p>
      <p>Because this was a cross-sectional study, the evaluation of compliance was based on the prescription at the moment prior to the BP measurement. In other words, a prescription regarded as compliant could have the doses of the medications not yet optimized or an insufficient number of medications to achieve the desired BP goal. Also, due to the cross-sectional design of the study, the BP was measured at a single moment, which could have missed an inadequate BP control over time, or a white coat effect.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40">40</xref> Similarly, another limiting factor may have been the indication of an appropriate BP control in individuals who in fact had masked hypertension.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B41">41</xref>
			</p>
      <p>It is worth noting that the present study evaluated the medical assistance given to hypertensive patients based on two quality aspects: the prescribed treatment and BP control. However, it is difficult to establish a direct correlation between prescription compliance and BP control, considering that a proper BP control is the result of a rather complex system involving biological, genetic, and socioeconomic factors, as well as cultural and structural sanitary aspects. We also must mention the importance of non-pharmacological measures in BP control. In this study, we did not assess non-pharmacological recommendations, which could have contributed to a better BP control. Furthermore, it can be inferred that possible non-evaluated failures in adherence or the need of a more intensive treatment, with a greater number or higher doses of medications, may be factors that contributed to a better BP control in these individuals. We did not consider the adherence to BP control because the study was aimed at analyzing the effectiveness of the therapy, and not its efficacy. Possibly, the analysis of this set of factors involved in BP control would help to find a better correlation between treatment and BP goals. On the other hand, much has evolved in recent years regarding the optimization of antihypertensive treatment, so that drugs once recommended and widely prescribed are no longer considered to be first-line choices in hypertension treatment, which is why the correlation between prescription compliance and BP control may have failed in this study.</p>
      <p>Further studies should be performed to try to elucidate other factors involved in proper BP control, allowing the definition of quality indicators that best correlate with BP control.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusion</title>
      <p>The degree of compliance was considered satisfactory. The rates of achievement of the recommended BP goals were compatible with those found in international studies and close to the highest values reported in Brazil. However, the achievement of the goals in 44.9% of the population in primary care, in which most of the patients are classified as having stage 1 and 2 hypertension without target organ damage, indicates that there is a long way to go and that the best investment to improve this parameter may be continuing education of physicians and other professionals involved in caring for hypertensive patients.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p><bold>Sources of Funding</bold> There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p><bold>Study Association</bold> This article is part of the thesis of master submitted by Mayra Faria Novello, from Universidade Federal Fluminense.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1 Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P. Braunwald's heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine. 9<sup>th</sup> ed. Saint Louis: Elsevier; 2012.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="book">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Bonow</surname>
              <given-names>RO</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mann</surname>
              <given-names>DL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Zipes</surname>
              <given-names>DP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Libby</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <source>Braunwald's heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine</source>
          <edition>9th ed</edition>
          <publisher-loc>Saint Louis</publisher-loc>
          <publisher-name>Elsevier</publisher-name>
          <year>2012</year>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
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        <mixed-citation>39 Scala LC, Magalh&#227;es LBNC, Machado CA; Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, Sociedade Brasileira de Hipertens&#227;o. Epidemiologia e preven&#231;&#227;o da hipertens&#227;o arterial. Rio de Janeiro: SBC/SBH; 2015. p. 861-8.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="book">
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              <given-names>LC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Magalh&#227;es</surname>
              <given-names>LBNC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Machado</surname>
              <given-names>CA</given-names>
            </name>
            <collab>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</collab>
            <collab>Sociedade Brasileira de Hipertens&#227;o</collab>
          </person-group>
          <source>Epidemiologia e preven&#231;&#227;o da hipertens&#227;o arterial</source>
          <publisher-loc>Rio de Janeiro</publisher-loc>
          <publisher-name>SBC/SBH</publisher-name>
          <year>2015</year>
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        </element-citation>
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        <mixed-citation>40 MacDonald MB, Laing GP, Wilson MP, Wilson TW. Prevalence and predictors of white-coat response in patients with treated hypertension. CMAJ. 1999;161(3):265-9.</mixed-citation>
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        <mixed-citation>41 Bombelli M, Sega R, Facchetti R, Corrao G, Polo Friz H, Vertemati AM, et al. Prevalence and clinical significance of a greater ambulatory versus Office blood pressure ("reverse white coat" condition) in a general population. J Hypertens. 2005; 23(3):513-20.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Bombelli</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sega</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Facchetti</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Corrao</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
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              <surname>Polo Friz</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
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              <surname>Vertemati</surname>
              <given-names>AM</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Prevalence and clinical significance of a greater ambulatory versus Office blood pressure ("reverse white coat" condition) in a general population</article-title>
          <source>J Hypertens</source>
          <year>2005</year>
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        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Artigos Originais</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Conformidade da Prescri&#231;&#227;o Anti-Hipertensiva e Controle da Press&#227;o Arterial na Aten&#231;&#227;o B&#225;sica</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Novello</surname>
            <given-names>Mayra Faria</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rosa</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Luiza Garcia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Ranier Tagarro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nunes</surname>
            <given-names>Icaro Gusm&#227;o</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Jorge</surname>
            <given-names>Antonio Jos&#233; Lagoeiro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Correia</surname>
            <given-names>Dayse Mary da Silva</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Martins</surname>
            <given-names>Wolney de Andrade</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mesquita</surname>
            <given-names>Evandro Tinoco</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Medicina Cl&#237;nica - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Epidemiologia e Bioestat&#237;stica - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff6">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Fundamentos de Enfermagem e Administra&#231;&#227;o - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Mayra Faria Novello</bold>, Rua Jos&#233; Higino, 142, CEP 20520-202. Tijuca, RJ - Brasil. E-mail: <email>mayranovello@gmail.com</email>, <email>mluizagr@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p><bold>Potencial conflito de interesse</bold> Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p><bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold> Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Jorge AJL, Correia DMS, Martins WA; Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Ferreira RT, Nunes IG, Jorge AJL, Correia DMS; An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Ferreira RT, Nunes IG, Jorge AJL, Martins WA; An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Ferreira RT, Nunes IG, Jorge AJL; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Jorge AJL, Martins WA; Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Novello MF, Rosa MLG, Ferreira RT, Nunes IG, Jorge AJL, Correia DMS, Martins WA.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <title>Resumo</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Fundamento:</title>
          <p>A hipertens&#227;o arterial &#233; o fator de risco mais prevalente para a doen&#231;a cardiovascular e seu controle adequado pode prevenir a elevada morbi-mortalidade associada a esta doen&#231;a.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p>Avaliar o grau de conformidade das prescri&#231;&#245;es de anti-hipertensivos com as VI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertens&#227;o e a taxa de controle press&#243;rico na aten&#231;&#227;o b&#225;sica.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>Estudo transversal conduzido entre agosto de 2011 e novembro de 2012, incluindo 332 adultos &#8805; 45 anos cadastrados no Programa M&#233;dico de Fam&#237;lia de Niter&#243;i e selecionados aleatoriamente. Foram analisadas as classes de anti-hipertensivos prescritos, suas doses e frequ&#234;ncias, bem como a press&#227;o arterial (PA) dos indiv&#237;duos.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>A taxa de conformidade das prescri&#231;&#245;es foi de 80%. Diur&#233;ticos foram as medica&#231;&#245;es mais prescritas e a terapia dupla foi o tratamento mais utilizado. As n&#227;o conformidades mais comuns foram subdoses e subfrequ&#234;ncias. A meta de PA para todos os casos foi &lt; 140/90 mmHg, exceto para diab&#233;ticos, que foi &lt; 130/80 mmHg. As taxas de controle de acordo com essas metas foram de 44,9% e 38,6%, respectivamente. N&#227;o houve correla&#231;&#227;o entre conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o e controle press&#243;rico.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclus&#245;es:</title>
          <p>O grau de conformidade foi considerado satisfat&#243;rio. O alcance das metas foi compat&#237;vel com estudos nacionais e internacionais, sugerindo que o modelo de sa&#250;de da fam&#237;lia &#233; efetivo no manejo da PA, embora ainda necessite aprimoramento. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave:</title>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Press&#227;o Arterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Controle</kwd>
        <kwd>Prescri&#231;&#227;o de Medicamentos</kwd>
        <kwd>Anti-Hipertensivos</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>A hipertens&#227;o arterial (HA) &#233; altamente prevalente nas popula&#231;&#245;es ocidentais, facilmente identific&#225;vel e pass&#237;vel de tratamento, consistindo em um dos fatores de risco mais importantes para a doen&#231;a cardiovascular.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> A preval&#234;ncia da HA vem crescendo concomitantemente ao aumento da expectativa de vida e &#224;s mudan&#231;as no estilo de vida, com destaque para o crescimento do sobrepeso e da obesidade.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> H&#225; previs&#227;o de que em 2025, um ter&#231;o da popula&#231;&#227;o mundial ser&#225; hipertensa, fato que inexoravelmente trar&#225; s&#233;rias consequ&#234;ncias para a sa&#250;de p&#250;blica mundial, sobretudo atrav&#233;s de les&#245;es em &#243;rg&#227;os-alvo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Apesar de s&#243;lidas evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;ficas a respeito dos benef&#237;cios do tratamento anti-hipertensivo na redu&#231;&#227;o do risco cardiovascular,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> a press&#227;o arterial (PA) &#233; controlada em valores abaixo de 140/90 mmHg em menos de um quarto dos indiv&#237;duos diagnosticados com HA e em um ter&#231;o daqueles sob tratamento para HA, mesmo nos pa&#237;ses com sistemas de sa&#250;de bem estruturados.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> No Brasil, a taxa de controle efetivo da PA est&#225; entre 10% e 57%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> As defici&#234;ncias no sistema de sa&#250;de, a baixa ades&#227;o do paciente ao tratamento e a in&#233;rcia para se iniciar e intensificar o tratamento e atingir metas terap&#234;uticas contribuem para a inefic&#225;cia no controle desta doen&#231;a.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>
				</p>
        <p>O controle press&#243;rico dos pacientes hipertensos dentro dos par&#226;metros das diretrizes &#233; uma das formas de se avaliar a qualidade assistencial na HA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> Embora a maioria dos m&#233;dicos considere as diretrizes de HA v&#225;lidas, o grau de ades&#227;o &#224;s recomenda&#231;&#245;es &#233; muito vari&#225;vel, com baixa implementa&#231;&#227;o destas recomenda&#231;&#245;es na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica acarretando preju&#237;zo &#224; qualidade assistencial.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref> A conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o dos anti-hipertensivos &#224;s recomenda&#231;&#245;es vigentes tamb&#233;m tem sido utilizada como forma de se avaliar a qualidade do atendimento.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>
				</p>
        <p>O presente estudo teve como objetivo mensurar a qualidade do atendimento a hipertensos entre 45 e 99 anos de idade cadastrados no Programa M&#233;dico de Fam&#237;lia (PMF) de Niter&#243;i, RJ, atrav&#233;s da avalia&#231;&#227;o da conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o dos anti-hipertensivos de acordo com a VI Diretrizes Brasileiras de Hipertens&#227;o (DBH) e da taxa de controle press&#243;rico.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#233;todos</title>
        <p>O presente estudo &#233; parte do Estudo Digitalis, um estudo transversal conduzido entre agosto de 2011 e novembro de 2012 com uma amostra aleat&#243;ria da popula&#231;&#227;o cadastrada no PMF de Niter&#243;i (Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil), de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 45 e 99 anos. Detalhes da metodologia do Estudo Digitalis foram publicados anteriormente.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Os indiv&#237;duos foram convidados a comparecerem na unidade do PMF pr&#243;xima de sua resid&#234;ncia. Os pesquisadores foram treinados e testados em um estudo piloto realizado em uma unidade n&#227;o inclu&#237;da na an&#225;lise.</p>
        <p>Todos os pacientes foram submetidos &#224; anamnese, exame f&#237;sico completo (incluindo antropometria) e exames complementares. A PA foi medida com o paciente na posi&#231;&#227;o sentada com utiliza&#231;&#227;o de um esfigmoman&#244;metro digital (Omron 711 HC, Omron, Kioto, Jap&#227;o)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> atrav&#233;s de tr&#234;s medidas com intervalo de 1 minuto entre elas. Uma quarta medida era realizada no caso de diferen&#231;a maior que 5 mmHg. A m&#233;dia da PA foi obtida considerando-se todas as medidas realizadas. As precau&#231;&#245;es tomadas antes e durante as mensura&#231;&#245;es da PA seguiram as recomenda&#231;&#245;es da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Dentre as avalia&#231;&#245;es realizadas no estudo, verificou-se o n&#237;vel de atividade f&#237;sica dos indiv&#237;duos, classificando-os de acordo com o Question&#225;rio Internacional de Atividade F&#237;sica (<italic>International Physical Activity Questionnaire</italic>, IPAQ), em quatro itens: sedent&#225;rio, irregularmente ativo, ativo e muito ativo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref> Foram considerados sedent&#225;rios os indiv&#237;duos que n&#227;o realizaram nenhuma atividade f&#237;sica por pelo menos 10 minutos cont&#237;nuos durante a semana na qual o question&#225;rio foi aplicado. Para avaliar o consumo de &#225;lcool, considerou-se consumo de risco quando a m&#233;dia di&#225;ria excedeu duas doses para os indiv&#237;duos do g&#234;nero masculino e uma dose para os do g&#234;nero feminino.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Os crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o foram: declarar-se hipertenso e/ou estar sob tratamento farmacol&#243;gico anti-hipertensivo, e saber fornecer informa&#231;&#245;es sobre os medicamentos em uso (receita m&#233;dica e/ou a embalagem da medica&#231;&#227;o e/ou informa&#231;&#227;o verbal completa sobre a prescri&#231;&#227;o).</p>
        <p>As metas preconizadas pelas VI DBH<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> foram adotadas e, desta forma, definiu-se o valor de PA &lt; 140/90 mmHg como ponto de corte para efic&#225;cia terap&#234;utica. Excetuaram-se os diab&#233;ticos cuja meta da PA foi definida em &lt; 130/80 mmHg. Os indicadores de conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o foram definidos ap&#243;s revis&#227;o das VI DBH,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> estabelecendo-se as classes de medica&#231;&#245;es que deveriam ser idealmente prescritas (isoladamente ou em associa&#231;&#227;o), bem como as doses e as frequ&#234;ncias recomendadas. Nos casos de monoterapia, foram consideradas conformes as prescri&#231;&#245;es que continham as seguintes classes: inibidores da enzima conversora da angiotensina (IECA); bloqueadores dos receptores de angiotensina (BRA); betabloqueadores adren&#233;rgicos; diur&#233;ticos tiaz&#237;dicos, de al&#231;a e poupadores de pot&#225;ssio; ou bloqueadores dos canais de c&#225;lcio. Nos casos de associa&#231;&#227;o, avaliou-se se esta &#233; reconhecidamente eficaz e se n&#227;o houve associa&#231;&#227;o de medicamentos da mesma classe, com exce&#231;&#227;o dos diur&#233;ticos de al&#231;a ou tiaz&#237;dicos com a espironolactona. Nos casos de tr&#237;plice terapia, observou-se se a prescri&#231;&#227;o inclu&#237;a um diur&#233;tico, conforme recomendam as VI DBH.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> Foram consideradas "subdoses" as prescri&#231;&#245;es com medicamentos abaixo da dose m&#237;nima recomendada pelas VI DBH<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> e como "subfrequ&#234;ncias" as prescri&#231;&#245;es que continham medicamentos prescritos em uma frequ&#234;ncia de tomada abaixo da m&#237;nima recomendada. Crit&#233;rios opostos foram utilizados para definir as "superdoses" e as "superfrequ&#234;ncias"<italic>.</italic> Uma tabela com todas as doses e frequ&#234;ncias recomendadas que consta nas VI DBHs foi utilizada para classificar as prescri&#231;&#245;es.</p>
        <p>A an&#225;lise da prescri&#231;&#227;o foi inicialmente realizada considerando-se somente os medicamentos prescritos, sem considerar a efic&#225;cia do tratamento (controle da PA). De acordo com esta an&#225;lise, as prescri&#231;&#245;es foram categorizadas como "conforme" ou "n&#227;o conforme".</p>
        <p>Em uma an&#225;lise consolidada considerando tanto a conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o quanto a adequa&#231;&#227;o do controle da PA, foram quantificados os pacientes que apresentavam um "tratamento conforme", definido por prescri&#231;&#227;o conforme associada &#224; PA controlada.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</title>
          <p>As caracter&#237;sticas dos indiv&#237;duos e das prescri&#231;&#245;es est&#227;o apresentadas em frequ&#234;ncias absolutas e relativas. Empregou-se o teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson para compara&#231;&#227;o entre os grupos. O n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia estat&#237;stica foi estabelecido em 5%. Todas as an&#225;lises foram feitas com aux&#237;lio do pacote estat&#237;stico SPSS, vers&#227;o 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, EUA).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Considera&#231;&#245;es &#233;ticas</title>
          <p>Este estudo foi conduzido de acordo com os princ&#237;pios estabelecidos na Resolu&#231;&#227;o 466/2012 da Comiss&#227;o Nacional de &#201;tica em Pesquisa (CONEP). O protocolo do estudo foi submetido ao Comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa do Hospital Ant&#244;nio Pedro e aprovado na reuni&#227;o plen&#225;ria de 11 junho de 2010 sob o n&#186; CAAE: 0077.0.258.000-10. Todos os sujeitos da pesquisa assinaram um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="results">
        <title>Resultados</title>
        <p>O Estudo Digitalis avaliou 633 pessoas; destas, foram inclu&#237;das na presente an&#225;lise 332 pessoas (53%) que preencheram os crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o. A <xref ref-type="table" rid="t6">Tabela 1</xref> apresenta as caracter&#237;sticas demogr&#225;ficas e cl&#237;nicas dos pacientes estudados. As prescri&#231;&#245;es foram analisadas na maioria dos casos atrav&#233;s de verifica&#231;&#227;o direta das receitas m&#233;dicas (56,4%), seguida de informa&#231;&#227;o precisa do paciente ou familiar (34,3%) e a partir de embalagens apresentadas pelo paciente ou familiar (9,3%). A <xref ref-type="table" rid="t7">Tabela 2</xref> exibe as principais medica&#231;&#245;es prescritas, categorizadas por classes. Na <xref ref-type="table" rid="t8">Tabela 3</xref> s&#227;o apresentadas as formas de prescri&#231;&#227;o, se monoterapia ou associa&#231;&#245;es.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t6">
          <label>Tabela 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Caracter&#237;sticas dos pacientes</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="50%"/>
              <col width="50%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Caracter&#237;sticas</th>
                <th align="center">Indiv&#237;duos analisados, n (%)</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="2">
                  <bold>Sexo</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Masculino</td>
                <td align="center">103 (31,0)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Feminino</td>
                <td align="center">229 (69,0)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="2">
                  <bold>Idade (anos)</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">45 - 59</td>
                <td align="center">167 (50,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">60 - 69</td>
                <td align="center">90 (27,1)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#8805; 70</td>
                <td align="center">75 (22,6)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="2">
                  <bold>Cor autodeclarada</bold>
                  <sup>
                    <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN11">$</xref>
                  </sup>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Branca</td>
                <td align="center">108 (32,7)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Parda</td>
                <td align="center">126 (38,2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Negra</td>
                <td align="center">96 (29,1)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="2">
                  <bold>Tabagismo</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Nunca fumou</td>
                <td align="center">168 (50,6)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ex-tabagista</td>
                <td align="center">108 (32,5)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Tabagista</td>
                <td align="center">56 (16,9)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="2">
                  <bold>Ingest&#227;o excessiva de &#225;lcool</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Sim</td>
                <td align="center">24 (7,2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">N&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">308 (92,8)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="2">
                  <bold>Atividade f&#237;sica</bold>
                  <sup>
                    <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN12">&amp;</xref>
                  </sup>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Sedent&#225;rio</td>
                <td align="center">77 (27,9)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Irregular</td>
                <td align="center">40 (14,5)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ativo</td>
                <td align="center">140 (50,7)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Muito ativo</td>
                <td align="center">19 (6,9)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="2">
                  <bold>Obesidade</bold>
                  <sup>
                    <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN13">#</xref>
                  </sup>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">IMC &lt; 26 (peso ideal)</td>
                <td align="center">106 (32,1)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">IMC 26 - 29,99 (sobrepeso)</td>
                <td align="center">104 (31,5)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">IMC &#8805; 30</td>
                <td align="center">120 (36,4)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="2">
                  <bold>Diabetes</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Sim</td>
                <td align="center">107 (32,2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">N&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">225 (67,8)</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN10">
              <p>IMC: &#237;ndice de massa corporal.</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN11">
              <label>$</label>
              <p>A cor n&#227;o foi informada por dois indiv&#237;duos.</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN12">
              <label>&amp;</label>
              <p>O n&#237;vel de atividade f&#237;sica n&#227;o foi verificado em 56 indiv&#237;duos.</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN13">
              <label>#</label>
              <p>O IMC (kg/m2) n&#227;o foi avaliado em duas pessoas.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <table-wrap id="t7">
          <label>Tabela 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Principais medica&#231;&#245;es prescritas (n=332)</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="50%"/>
              <col width="50%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Nome</th>
                <th align="center">N (%)</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Diur&#233;ticos</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">209 (63,0)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Hidroclorotiazida</td>
                <td align="center">178 (53,7)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Furosemida</td>
                <td align="center">16 (4,8)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Clortalidona</td>
                <td align="center">10 (3,0)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Espironolactona</td>
                <td align="center">3 (0,9)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Indapamida</td>
                <td align="center">2 (0,6)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>IECA</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">192 (57,8)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Enalapril</td>
                <td align="center">108 (32,5)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Captopril</td>
                <td align="center">81 (24,4)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Lisinopril</td>
                <td align="center">1 (0,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ramipril</td>
                <td align="center">1 (0,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Cilazapril</td>
                <td align="center">1 (0,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>BB</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">89 (26,8)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Atenolol</td>
                <td align="center">53 (16,0)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Propranolol</td>
                <td align="center">27 (8,1)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Carvedilol</td>
                <td align="center">7 (2,1)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Metoprolol</td>
                <td align="center">1 (0,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Bisoprolol</td>
                <td align="center">1 (0,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>BCC</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">84 (25,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Anlodipina</td>
                <td align="center">41 (12,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Nifedipina</td>
                <td align="center">37 (11,2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Diltiazem</td>
                <td align="center">4 (1,2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Verapamil</td>
                <td align="center">1 (0,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Lercanidipina</td>
                <td align="center">1 (0,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>BRA</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">61 (18,4)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Losartana</td>
                <td align="center">52 (15,7)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Valsartana</td>
                <td align="center">9 (2,7)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Outros</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">14 (4,2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Clonidina</td>
                <td align="center">8 (2,4)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Hidralazina</td>
                <td align="center">4 (1,2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alisquireno</td>
                <td align="center">1 (0,3)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alfa-metildopa</td>
                <td align="center">1 (0,3)</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN14">
              <p>IECA: inibidores da enzima conversora da angiogensina; BB: betabloqueadores; BCC: bloqueadores dos canais de c&#225;lcio; BRA: bloqueadores dos receptores da angiotensina.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <table-wrap id="t8">
          <label>Tabela 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Principais associa&#231;&#245;es de medica&#231;&#245;es (n=332)</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Tipo de terapia</th>
                <th align="center">Prescri&#231;&#245;es <break/>N (%)</th>
                <th align="center">Diur&#233;ticos<break/>N (%)</th>
                <th align="center">IECA <break/>N (%)</th>
                <th align="center">BB <break/>N (%)</th>
                <th align="center">BCC <break/>N (%)</th>
                <th align="center">BRA <break/>N (%)</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Monoterapia</td>
                <td align="center">115 (34,6)</td>
                <td align="center">25 (21,7)</td>
                <td align="center">61 (53,0)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (7,0)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (6,1)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (12,2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Terapia dupla</td>
                <td align="center">136 (41,0)</td>
                <td align="center">112 (41,6)</td>
                <td align="center">85 (31,6)</td>
                <td align="center">30 (11,2)</td>
                <td align="center">24 (8,9)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (6,7)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Terapia tr&#237;plice</td>
                <td align="center">60 (18,1)</td>
                <td align="center">50 (28,8)</td>
                <td align="center">34 (19,5)</td>
                <td align="center">34 (19,5)</td>
                <td align="center">35 (20,1)</td>
                <td align="center">21 (12,1)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&gt; 3 medica&#231;&#245;es</td>
                <td align="center">21 (6,3)</td>
                <td align="center">21 (27,6)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (15,8)</td>
                <td align="center">17 (22,4)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (23,7)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (10,5)</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN15">
              <p>IECA: inibidores da enzima conversora da angiogensina; BB: betabloqueadores; BCC: bloqueadores dos canais de c&#225;lcio; BRA: bloqueadores dos receptores da angiotensina.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Em 80,72% dos casos (268 prescri&#231;&#245;es), as prescri&#231;&#245;es encontraram-se em concord&#226;ncia com as VI DBH<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> no que diz respeito &#224; medica&#231;&#227;o escolhida, doses e frequ&#234;ncias prescritas pelo m&#233;dico de fam&#237;lia.</p>
        <p>A <xref ref-type="table" rid="t9">Tabela 4</xref> mostra as principais n&#227;o conformidades encontradas. Ressalta-se que somente 1,8% (seis prescri&#231;&#245;es) apresentaram mais de uma n&#227;o conformidade simult&#226;nea. Observou-se que as n&#227;o conformidades relativas a subdoses e subfrequ&#234;ncias das medica&#231;&#245;es foram as mais encontradas. O uso da losartana pot&#225;ssica duas vezes ao dia, prescrita em cerca de 30% dos casos, n&#227;o foi considerado uma n&#227;o conformidade apesar das VI DBH recomendarem seu uso &#250;nico di&#225;rio, uma vez que a prescri&#231;&#227;o de duas tomadas di&#225;rias apresenta amparo farmacol&#243;gico<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref> e &#233; recomendada em outras diretrizes.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t9">
          <label>Tabela 4</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Principais n&#227;o conformidades encontradas</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="12%"/>
              <col width="12%"/>
              <col width="12%"/>
              <col width="12%"/>
              <col width="12%"/>
              <col width="12%"/>
              <col width="12%"/>
              <col width="12%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
                <th align="left" rowspan="2">Medica&#231;&#227;o<break/> Prescrita</th>
                <th align="center">Total</th>
                <th align="center">Subdose</th>
                <th align="center">Superdose</th>
                <th align="center">Subfrequ&#234;ncia</th>
                <th align="center">Superfrequ&#234;ncia</th>
                <th align="center">Terapia tr&#237;plice<break/> sem diur&#233;tico</th>
                <th align="center">Associa&#231;&#227;o<break/> errada</th>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <th align="center">N (%)</th>
                <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medicamento</th>
                <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medicamento</th>
                <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medicamento</th>
                <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medicamento</th>
                <th align="center">N (%)</th>
                <th align="center">N (%)<break/> medicamento</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Diur&#233;ticos</td>
                <td align="center">11(16)</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">2 (18) HCTZ</td>
                <td align="center">8 (73)</td>
                <td align="center">1 (9) HCTZ +<break/> Clortalidona</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">IECA</td>
                <td align="center">20 (29)</td>
                <td align="center">1 (5) Enalapril</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">10 (50) Captopril</td>
                <td align="center">3 (15) Enalapril</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">6 (30) IECA +<break/> BRA</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">BB</td>
                <td align="center">15 (21,7)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (20) PPL</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">3 (20) Carvedilol<break/> 7 (47) PPL</td>
                <td align="center">2 (13) Atenolol</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">BCC</td>
                <td align="center">18 (26,1)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (16,7) Nifedipina<break/> 3 (16,7) Diltiazem</td>
                <td align="center">4 (22,2)<break/> Anlodipina</td>
                <td align="center">8 (44,4) Nifedipina</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">BRA</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">BRA + IECA <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN17">#</xref>
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">OUTROS<break/> (Clonidina /<break/> Hidralazina / Alfametildopa)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (7,2)</td>
                <td align="center">2 (40) Hidralazina</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">2 (40) Hidralazina</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">1 (20) Clonidina +<break/> HCTZ</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">TOTAL</td>
                <td align="center">69 (100)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (17,4%)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (5,8%)</td>
                <td align="center">30 (43,5%)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (10,1%)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (11,6%)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (11,6%)</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN16">
              <p>IECA: inibidores da enzima conversora da angiogensina; BB: betabloqueadores; BCC: bloqueadores dos canais de c&#225;lcio; BRA: bloqueadores dos receptores da angiotensina; PPL: propranolol; HCTZ: hidroclorotiazida;.</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN17">
              <label>#</label>
              <p>A associa&#231;&#227;o IECA + BRA (seis prescri&#231;&#245;es) s&#243; foi considerada uma vez, embora tenha sido descrita como n&#227;o conformidade relativa aos IECA e aos BRA.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>A taxa de alcance das metas de controle press&#243;rico foi de 44,9%, considerando-se as recomenda&#231;&#245;es das VI DBH.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> Quando se considerou um ponto de corte mais baixo no caso dos diab&#233;ticos (meta de 130/80 mmHg), o controle caiu para 38,6%. O controle press&#243;rico n&#227;o apresentou uma associa&#231;&#227;o significativa com a conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t10">Tabela 5</xref>). O alcance da meta de controle press&#243;rico entre os pacientes com prescri&#231;&#227;o conforme foi de 32,5% quando a meta foi PA &lt; 140/90 mmHg e 28,6% no caso dos diab&#233;ticos com meta &lt; 130/80 mmHg.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t10">
          <label>Tabela 5</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Rela&#231;&#227;o entre controle da press&#227;o arterial (PA) e conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o, segundo pontos de corte</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="center" colspan="3">PA &lt; 140 / 90 mmHg<break/> Todos os pacientes</th>
                <th align="center" colspan="3">PA&lt; 140 / 90 mmHg<break/> PA &lt; 130 / 80 mmHg - diab&#233;ticos</th>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="center">C</th>
                <th align="center">NC</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
                <th align="center">C</th>
                <th align="center">NC</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Prescri&#231;&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">N(%)</td>
                <td align="center">N(%)</td>
                <td align="center">0,75</td>
                <td align="center">N(%)</td>
                <td align="center">N(%)</td>
                <td align="center">0,6</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">N&#227;o conforme</td>
                <td align="center">24 (16,1)</td>
                <td align="center">40 (21,9)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">22 (17,2)</td>
                <td align="center">42 (20,6)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Conforme</td>
                <td align="center">125 (83,9)</td>
                <td align="center">143 (78,1)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">106 (82,8)</td>
                <td align="center">162 (79,4)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Total</td>
                <td align="center">149 (44,9)</td>
                <td align="center">183 (55,1)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">128 (38,6)</td>
                <td align="center">204 (61,4)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN18">
              <p>C: controlada; NC: n&#227;o controlada; p: valor de p (teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson).</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Foram realizadas an&#225;lises de subgrupos para identificar se existiram diferen&#231;as relacionadas com as caracter&#237;sticas da popula&#231;&#227;o. N&#227;o foi encontrada nenhuma correla&#231;&#227;o significativa entre taxa de conformidade e controle press&#243;rico nos diversos subgrupos (idosos, mulheres, sedent&#225;rios, etilistas, tabagistas, negros e obesos). Somente no grupo dos idosos (&gt; 60 anos) foi observada uma taxa de controle press&#243;rico mais baixa, corroborando dados da literatura.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>
				</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
        <p>No presente estudo, verificou-se que a taxa de conformidade das prescri&#231;&#245;es m&#233;dicas de anti-hipertensivos com as recomenda&#231;&#245;es das VI DBH<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> foi de 80%. N&#227;o foram encontradas publica&#231;&#245;es nas bases consultadas que avaliassem diretamente o grau de conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dica de anti-hipertensivos. Um estudo sobre avalia&#231;&#227;o dos padr&#245;es de prescri&#231;&#227;o de IECA para usu&#225;rios do SUS mostrou que as doses m&#233;dias prescritas de captopril e maleato de enalapril seguiram as recomenda&#231;&#245;es das doses preconizadas pelas VI DBH,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> sendo que somente 0,3% dos pacientes utilizaram superdose de captopril e 0,65% utilizaram superdose de enalapril.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref> Um estudo sobre ades&#227;o &#224;s diretrizes da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">27</xref> evidenciou uma importante lacuna entre a pr&#225;tica na rede prim&#225;ria e as diretrizes brasileiras, diferentemente do que foi observado no presente estudo em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; HA.</p>
        <p>Diversos estudos avaliaram as medica&#231;&#245;es anti-hipertensivas mais utilizadas no Brasil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">29</xref> e demonstraram a prefer&#234;ncia pelos diur&#233;ticos tiaz&#237;dicos, em particular &#224; hidroclorotiazida. Outros estudos tamb&#233;m demonstraram prefer&#234;ncia pela prescri&#231;&#227;o de IECA nas unidades p&#250;blicas de sa&#250;de do Brasil.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30">30</xref> Os achados do presente estudo seguem a mesma dire&#231;&#227;o: as principais medica&#231;&#245;es prescritas pelos m&#233;dicos de fam&#237;lia foram os diur&#233;ticos e os IECA.</p>
        <p>Quanto ao n&#250;mero de medicamentos utilizados, verificou-se que a monoterapia e a terapia dupla foram as formas de prescri&#231;&#227;o mais frequentes, dados compat&#237;veis com estudos de HA brasileiros e internacionais.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31">31</xref> A associa&#231;&#227;o mais frequente entre classes de medicamentos foi a de diur&#233;ticos com IECA, fato que tamb&#233;m est&#225; de acordo com a literatura.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">32</xref> Entre as n&#227;o conformidades encontradas, predominaram as subdoses e subfrequ&#234;ncias, sugerindo que o m&#233;dico &#233;, muitas vezes, lento ou cauteloso demais para intensificar o tratamento anti-hipertensivo, possivelmente pelo receio de efeitos adversos. Destaca-se a subfrequ&#234;ncia com que foram prescritos o captopril e a nifedipina de libera&#231;&#227;o prolongada. Embora as VI DBH recomendem uma tomada m&#237;nima di&#225;ria de duas vezes, observa-se na pr&#225;tica que muitos m&#233;dicos prescrevem essas medica&#231;&#245;es apenas uma vez ao dia.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Dentre os pacientes que utilizavam subdose de inotr&#243;picos negativos (propranolol e diltiazem), nenhum apresentou frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca menor que 60 bpm, sugerindo que a progress&#227;o da dose era poss&#237;vel. Uma poss&#237;vel n&#227;o conformidade relacionada aos betabloqueadores seria o uso desta classe de medicamentos (especialmente o de atenolol) em idosos e em pacientes sem coronariopatia. Entretanto, estes medicamentos encontravam-se na lista de op&#231;&#245;es para tratamento da HA, segundo a diretriz vigente na &#233;poca da coleta dos dados e, inclusive, fazem parte do grupo de medicamentos distribu&#237;dos gratuitamente pelo governo. Embora saiba-se atualmente que estes n&#227;o s&#227;o medicamentos anti-hipertensivos de escolha, esta op&#231;&#227;o foi considerada conforme.</p>
        <p>Observamos uma menor taxa de prescri&#231;&#227;o de medicamentos menos usuais, como a hidralazina, diltiazem ou clonidina; al&#233;m disto, mais de 50% dos casos de erros de prescri&#231;&#227;o de qualquer tipo envolveram esses medicamentos. Todos os pacientes que utilizavam subdose de hidralazina apresentavam PA sist&#243;lica &#8805; 160 mmHg e poderiam ter as doses desse medicamento ajustadas.</p>
        <p>Observou-se a associa&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o recomendada de IECA com BRA em 3,7% do total de prescri&#231;&#245;es de IECA. Tal valor corresponde a 11,5% do total de prescri&#231;&#245;es de BRA. Esta associa&#231;&#227;o atualmente n&#227;o &#233; mais aceita,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34">34</xref> por&#233;m era tolerada quando indicada com cautela nos pacientes portadores de protein&#250;ria, segundo as VI DBH.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> Cabe ressaltar que n&#227;o foi avaliada a presen&#231;a de protein&#250;ria nos indiv&#237;duos inclu&#237;dos neste estudo. Entretanto, entre os pacientes que utilizavam IECA associado a BRA, apenas um era portador de doen&#231;a renal cr&#244;nica, corroborando o fato de que a associa&#231;&#227;o desses medicamentos realmente constitu&#237;a uma n&#227;o conformidade.</p>
        <p>Dentre os pacientes tratados com tr&#234;s ou mais medicamentos, cerca de 90% fazia uso de diur&#233;tico, mostrando que os m&#233;dicos de fam&#237;lia costumam associar um diur&#233;tico nos casos de terapia m&#250;ltipla, conforme recomendam as diretrizes.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> Com rela&#231;&#227;o ao diur&#233;tico escolhido, notou-se que 4,8% dos pacientes estavam em uso de furosemida. A menos que esses indiv&#237;duos apresentassem algum estado edematoso associado e justific&#225;vel (como insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, doen&#231;a renal cr&#244;nica, insufici&#234;ncia hep&#225;tica, glomerulopatias, etc.), esta escolha pode ter sido mal indicada. Entretanto, esta tamb&#233;m n&#227;o foi considerada uma n&#227;o conformidade, uma vez que este medicamento encontrava-se na lista de op&#231;&#245;es para tratamento da hipertens&#227;o, segundo as VI DBH.</p>
        <p>Com rela&#231;&#227;o ao controle da PA, verificou-se que 44,9% dos pacientes apresentaram n&#237;veis de PA dentro da meta de n&#237;veis &lt; 140/90 mmHg. Obviamente, houve menores taxas de controle da PA quando se reduziu a meta para &lt; 130/80 mmHg nos hipertensos diab&#233;ticos. Uma pesquisa norte-americana<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35">35</xref> mostrou uma estimativa de controle press&#243;rico de 50,1% em 2008. Por outro lado, um estudo com 5.023 adultos em 2003 em Portugal revelou controle press&#243;rico em apenas 11,2% dos pacientes,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36">36</xref> enquanto um estudo com mais de 120.000 pacientes entre 2005 e 2011 na It&#225;lia evidenciou uma taxa de controle de 33,6%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37">37</xref> J&#225; no Canad&#225; em 2009, o percentual de hipertensos com PA&lt; 140/90 mmHg foi de 64,6%.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38">38</xref> Os n&#237;veis de controle press&#243;rico encontrados no presente estudo s&#227;o compat&#237;veis com outros estudos brasileiros.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> Uma revis&#227;o recente mostrou grande varia&#231;&#227;o nas taxas de conhecimento (22% a 77%), tratamento (11,4% a 77,5%) e controle (10,1% a 35,5%) da PA, dependendo da popula&#231;&#227;o estudada.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B39">39</xref> Cabe ressaltar que dentre todos os estudos de controle press&#243;rico citados, apenas dois estudos brasileiros<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> inclu&#237;ram participantes na faixa et&#225;ria acima dos 45 anos, como no presente estudo. Sabendo-se que a manuten&#231;&#227;o da PA&lt; 140/90 mmHg &#233; mais dif&#237;cil em idades mais avan&#231;adas, pode-se dizer que neste estudo a frequ&#234;ncia de controle da PA atingiu valores pr&#243;ximos aos maiores j&#225; relatados no Brasil, apesar de ter estado abaixo de 50%.</p>
        <p>N&#227;o houve correla&#231;&#227;o estatisticamente significativa entre a conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o e o controle da PA, sugerindo que a prescri&#231;&#227;o, ainda que com doses e frequ&#234;ncias diferentes das preconizadas pela VI DBH,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> n&#227;o foi um fator determinante no alcance das metas de PA.</p>
        <p>Por tratar-se de um estudo transversal, a avalia&#231;&#227;o da conformidade baseou-se na prescri&#231;&#227;o feita em um momento anterior &#224; mensura&#231;&#227;o da PA. Ou seja, uma prescri&#231;&#227;o considerada conforme pode n&#227;o ter estado com as doses otimizadas e com o n&#250;mero de medicamentos suficiente para atingir a meta de PA desejada. Tamb&#233;m por causa do desenho transversal, a PA foi mensurada em um s&#243; momento, o que pode ter deixado de detectar um controle press&#243;rico insatisfat&#243;rio ao longo do tempo, ou um efeito do jaleco branco.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40">40</xref> Da mesma maneira, um outro fator limitante pode ter sido a identifica&#231;&#227;o de um controle press&#243;rico adequado em indiv&#237;duos na verdade portadores de HA mascarada.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B41">41</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Cabe destacar que o presente estudo avaliou a assist&#234;ncia m&#233;dica prestada a hipertensos baseada em dois aspectos da qualidade: o tratamento prescrito e o controle press&#243;rico. Entretanto, &#233; dif&#237;cil estabelecer uma correla&#231;&#227;o direta entre conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o e controle press&#243;rico, considerando que o controle adequado da PA resulta de um sistema bastante complexo, no qual est&#227;o envolvidos fatores biol&#243;gicos, gen&#233;ticos e socioecon&#244;micos, al&#233;m de aspectos culturais e de estrutura sanit&#225;ria. Al&#233;m disso, n&#227;o se pode deixar de mencionar a import&#226;ncia das medidas n&#227;o farmacol&#243;gicas no controle da PA. Neste estudo, n&#227;o foi avaliada a prescri&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o medicamentosa que, possivelmente, contribuiria para um melhor controle press&#243;rico. Al&#233;m disso, pode-se inferir que poss&#237;veis falhas n&#227;o avaliadas na ades&#227;o ou a necessidade de um tratamento mais intensivo, com um n&#250;mero maior ou com doses maiores das medica&#231;&#245;es, sejam os fatores que contribuiriam para um melhor controle press&#243;rico nesses indiv&#237;duos. N&#227;o foi considerada a ades&#227;o no controle da PA por n&#227;o ser o objetivo do estudo analisar a efic&#225;cia do tratamento, e sim sua efetividade. Possivelmente, a an&#225;lise desse conjunto de fatores envolvidos no controle press&#243;rico ajudaria a encontrar uma melhor correla&#231;&#227;o entre tratamento e metas de PA. Por outro lado, muito se evoluiu nos &#250;ltimos anos acerca da otimiza&#231;&#227;o do tratamento anti-hipertensivo, de maneira que medica&#231;&#245;es outrora recomendadas e abundantemente prescritas j&#225; n&#227;o s&#227;o mais consideradas de primeira linha no tratamento da hipertens&#227;o, motivo pelo qual pode ter havido falha na correla&#231;&#227;o entre conformidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o e controle da PA neste estudo.</p>
        <p>Novos estudos devem ser realizados para tentar elucidar outros fatores envolvidos no controle adequado da PA, possibilitando a defini&#231;&#227;o dos indicadores de qualidade que melhor se correlacionam com o controle press&#243;rico.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
        <p>O grau de conformidade foi considerado satisfat&#243;rio. A taxa de alcance das metas preconizadas de PA foi compat&#237;vel com valores encontrados em estudos internacionais e se aproximam dos maiores valores relatados no Brasil. Entretanto, atingir as metas em 44,9% da popula&#231;&#227;o na aten&#231;&#227;o b&#225;sica, onde a maioria dos pacientes s&#227;o enquadrados em est&#225;gios 1 e 2 da HA, sem les&#245;es em &#243;rg&#227;os-alvo, mostra que h&#225; um longo caminho a ser percorrido e que o melhor investimento para melhoria deste par&#226;metro seja possivelmente a educa&#231;&#227;o permanente dos m&#233;dicos e demais profissionais envolvidos na assist&#234;ncia ao hipertenso.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p><bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold> O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p><bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold> Este artigo &#233; parte de Disserta&#231;&#227;o de Mestrado de Mayra Faria Novello pela Universidade Federal Fluminense.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
