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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">WkCWmmBdCDcSsX73PhbPd8L</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2016004500550</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20160176</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Articles</subject>
          <subj-group>
            <subject>Hemodynamics - Adults</subject>
          </subj-group>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Complete Treatment Versus Residual Lesion - Long-Term Evolution After Acute Coronary Syndrome</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Soeiro</surname>
            <given-names>Alexandre de Matos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Scanavini</surname>
            <given-names>Marco Ant&#244;nio</given-names>
            <suffix>Filho</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bossa</surname>
            <given-names>Aline Siqueira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Zullino</surname>
            <given-names>Cindel Nogueira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Soeiro</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Carolina F. Almeida</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Leal</surname>
            <given-names>Tatiana Carvalho Andreucci T</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Serrano</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Vicente</given-names>
            <suffix>Jr.</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Hajjar</surname>
            <given-names>Ludhmila Abrah&#227;o</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kalil</surname>
            <given-names>Roberto</given-names>
            <suffix>Filho</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>M&#250;cio Tavares</given-names>
            <suffix>Jr.</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor)</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Unidade Cl&#237;nica de Emerg&#234;ncia - Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
          <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing address: Alexandre de Matos Soeiro</bold>, Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) - Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo. Rua Jo&#227;o Moura, 870, apto 192b, Pinheiros. CEP 05412-002, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil. E-mail: <email>alexandre.soeiro@bol.com.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>Author contributions</p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research: Soeiro AM, Scanavini Filho MA, Serrano Jr. CV, Oliveira Jr. MT; Acquisition of data: Soeiro AM, Bossa AS, Zullino CN, Soeiro MCFA, Leal TCAT, Hajjar LA; Analysis and interpretation of the data: Soeiro AM, Scanavini Filho MA, Bossa AS, Zullino CN; Statistical analysis: Soeiro AM; Writing of the manuscript: Soeiro AM, Scanavini Filho MA, Oliveira Jr. MT; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Soeiro AM, Soeiro MCFA, Leal TCAT, Serrano Jr. CV, Hajjar LA, Kalil Filho R, Oliveira Jr. MT.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>Potential Conflict of Interest</p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2016</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>107</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>550</fpage>
      <lpage>556</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2015</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>22</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>Abstract</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Introduction:</title>
          <p>A recently published study raised doubts about the need for percutaneous treatment of nonculprit lesions in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods:</title>
          <p>Retrospective, unicentric, observational study.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objective:</title>
          <p>To analyze the long-term outcomes in patients undergoing treatment of the culprit artery, comparing those who remained with significant residual lesions in nonculprit arteries (group I) versus those without residual lesions in other coronary artery beds (group II). The study included 580 patients (284 in group I and 296 in group II) between May 2010 and May 2013. We obtained demographic and clinical data, as well as information regarding the coronary treatment administered to the patients. In the statistical analysis, the primary outcome included combined events (reinfarction/angina, death, heart failure, and need for reintervention). The comparison between groups was performed using the chi-square test and ANOVA. The long-term analysis was conducted with the Kaplan-Meier method, with a mean follow-up of 9.86 months.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p>The mean ages were 63 years in group I and 62 years in group II. On long-term follow-up, there was no significant difference in combined events in groups I and II (31.9% versus 35.6%, respectively, p = 0.76).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusion:</title>
          <p>The strategy of treating the culprit artery alone seems safe. In this study, no long-term differences in combined endpoints were observed between patients who remained with significant lesions compared with those without other obstructions.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>Acute Coronary Syndrome</kwd>
        <kwd>Treatment</kwd>
        <kwd>Clinical Evolution</kwd>
        <kwd>Memory, Long Term</kwd>
        <kwd>Myocardial Infarction</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>The main current guidelines on acute coronary syndromes (ACS) recommend treatment of the culprit lesion alone, except in cases with hemodynamic instability.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Still, treatment of some significant nonculprit lesions at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is still controversial. Some studies have been published recently to elucidate this issue better.</p>
      <p>Thus, there is still a knowledge gap regarding the need for percutaneous treatment of nonculprit lesions in this group of patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes in patients undergoing treatment of the culprit artery comparing those who remained with residual lesions in nonculprit arteries <italic>versus</italic> those without residual lesions in other coronary artery beds.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>Methods</title>
      <sec>
        <title>Study population</title>
        <p>This was a retrospective, unicentric, and observational study. We included 580 patients with ACS (with and without ST-segment elevation) admitted to an emergency service between May 2010 and May 2013. The patients were divided into two groups: group I (n = 284), with significant residual lesions (&gt; 70%); and group II (n = 296), without residual lesions. We excluded patients who remained in clinical treatment or underwent surgical myocardial revascularization, those who underwent a staged approach at admission or treatment of nonculprit artery, and those with lesions in the left main coronary artery, cardiogenic shock, or loss to long-term follow-up (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figure 1</xref>).</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f01">
            <label>Figure 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Flowchart of inclusion/exclusion of patients in the study. ACS: acute coronary syndrome; CABG: coronary artery bypass graft; LMCA: left main coronary artery; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-107-06-0550-60176-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p>We considered as having a diagnosis of ACS all patients who met the criteria established by the latest guideline of the American Heart Association.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> An ST-segment elevation ACS was defined as the occurrence of chest pain with persistent changes in the ST segment &#8805; 0.1 mV in the frontal leads and &#8805; 0.2 mV in the precordial leads, in at least two contiguous leads. A non-ST-segment elevation ACS was defined as the occurrence of chest pain associated with electrocardiographic changes or increase/decrease in serum troponin levels during hospitalization or, in the absence of both, clinical presentation and risk factors compatible with unstable angina (severe or increasing chest pain at rest or on minimal exertion). We considered as a reinfarction the recurrence of chest pain in association with a new elevation in serum troponin levels.</p>
        <p>We obtained the following data: age, sex, occurrence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, family history of early coronary disease, prior coronary artery disease (acute myocardial infarction, PCI, or prior coronary artery bypass grafting), hemoglobin, systolic blood pressure, serum creatinine level, peak serum troponin level, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), number of implanted <italic>stents</italic>, and medications used within the first 24 hours after hospitalization.</p>
        <p>All patients were referred to follow-up appointments at 14 days and 6 months after hospital discharge. During the appointments, ischemia tests or cardiac catheterization were performed if requested, based on a medical assessment by the team in charge of the patient. The patients were followed up through telephone contact and review of medical records. All implanted <italic>stents</italic> were of the conventional type and all patients maintained use of aspirin and clopidogrel for at least 12 months. Coronary reserve flow and intracoronary ultrasound were not assessed in this study.</p>
        <p>The study was approved by the institution's research ethics committee, and all participants signed an informed consent form.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Statistical analysis</title>
        <p>Descriptive analyses were conducted using means, standard deviations, and minimum and maximum values. All baseline characteristics presented in <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref> were considered as variables for the purpose of the analyses.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t1">
          <label>Table 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Patients&#8217; clinical characteristics at baseline according to allocated groups upon hospital discharge</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="center">Group I</th>
                <th align="center">Group II</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Age</td>
                <td align="center">63.19 + 12.27</td>
                <td align="center">62.55 + 13.30</td>
                <td align="center">0.6</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Male sex (%)</td>
                <td align="center">47.5%</td>
                <td align="center">49.5%</td>
                <td align="center">0.36</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Diabetes mellitus (%)</td>
                <td align="center">33.1%</td>
                <td align="center">35.6%</td>
                <td align="center">0.23</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Hypertension (%)</td>
                <td align="center">74.4%</td>
                <td align="center">81.2%</td>
                <td align="center">0.04</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Smoking (%)</td>
                <td align="center">41.9%</td>
                <td align="center">35.1%</td>
                <td align="center">0.009</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Positive FH for CAD (%)</td>
                <td align="center">15.0%</td>
                <td align="center">8.0%</td>
                <td align="center">0.02</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Dyslipidemia (%)</td>
                <td align="center">51.9%</td>
                <td align="center">47.0%</td>
                <td align="center">0.1</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Stable angina (%)</td>
                <td align="center">13.8%</td>
                <td align="center">14.5%</td>
                <td align="center">0.26</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">HF (%)</td>
                <td align="center">5.0%</td>
                <td align="center">7.1%</td>
                <td align="center">0.23</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Prior AMI (%)</td>
                <td align="center">38.8%</td>
                <td align="center">32.3%</td>
                <td align="center">0.08</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Prior CABG (%)</td>
                <td align="center">10.0%</td>
                <td align="center">13.8%</td>
                <td align="center">0.14</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Prior CA (%)</td>
                <td align="center">30.0%</td>
                <td align="center">22.1%</td>
                <td align="center">0.05</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">SBP (mmHg)</td>
                <td align="center">132.62 + 25.56</td>
                <td align="center">131.67 + 25.56</td>
                <td align="center">0.77</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Hb (g/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">13.83 + 1.56</td>
                <td align="center">13.66 + 2.10</td>
                <td align="center">0.36</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Cr (mg/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">1.15 + 0.57</td>
                <td align="center">1.35 + 1.16</td>
                <td align="center">0.03</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Troponin (peak) (ng/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">18.3 + 64.25</td>
                <td align="center">8.04 + 20.36</td>
                <td align="center">0.005</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Number of stents/patient</td>
                <td align="center">1.41 + 0.82</td>
                <td align="center">1.52 + 0.74</td>
                <td align="center">0.37</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">LVEF (%)</td>
                <td align="center">44.59 + 22.55</td>
                <td align="center">41.53 + 24.00</td>
                <td align="center">0.04</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Aspirin (%)</td>
                <td align="center">96.90%</td>
                <td align="center">96.40%</td>
                <td align="center">0.82</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Beta-blocker (%)</td>
                <td align="center">80.00%</td>
                <td align="center">66%</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Enoxaparin (%)</td>
                <td align="center">87.50%</td>
                <td align="center">73.20%</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Clopidogrel (%)</td>
                <td align="center">58.10%</td>
                <td align="center">50.40%</td>
                <td align="center">0.06</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Tirofiban (%)</td>
                <td align="center">10.2%</td>
                <td align="center">11.4%</td>
                <td align="center">0.42</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">ACEI (%)</td>
                <td align="center">68.10%</td>
                <td align="center">56.30%</td>
                <td align="center">0.006</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Statins (%)</td>
                <td align="center">85.60%</td>
                <td align="center">79.30%</td>
                <td align="center">0.06</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN1">
              <p>FH: family history; CAD: coronary artery disease; HF: heart failure; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; CA: coronary angioplasty; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Hb: hemoglobin; Cr: creatinine; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; ACEI: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Comparisons between groups were performed using the chi-square test for categorical variables. For continuous variables, when the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test showed a normal distribution, we used Student's <italic>t</italic> test. For non-normal distributions, the Mann-Whitney U test was used instead.</p>
        <p>The primary outcome included combined events (reinfarction/angina, death, heart failure, and need for reintervention). The secondary outcome was mortality. The long-term analysis was performed by log-rank test to evaluate the difference between the groups in the Kaplan-Meier analysis, with a mean follow-up of 9.86 months. If any outcome differed between the groups, multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression model. In all analyses, p values &lt; 0.05 were considered as significant.</p>
        <p>All calculations were performed with the software SPSS, v10.0.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="results">
      <title>Results</title>
      <p>The mean ages were 63 years in group I and 62 years in group II. Both groups showed significant differences regarding the prevalence of hypertension (74.4% <italic>versus</italic> 81.2%, p = 0.04), smoking (41.9% <italic>versus</italic> 35.1%, p = 0.009), and family history of coronary disease at an early age (15.0% <italic>versus</italic> 8.8%, p = 0.02); use of beta-blockers (80.0% <italic>versus</italic> 65.6%, p &lt; 0.001), enoxaparin (87.5% <italic>versus</italic> 73.2%, p &lt; 0.001), and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (68.1% <italic>versus</italic> 56.3%, p = 0.006); baseline creatinine levels (1.15 <italic>versus</italic> 1.35 mg/dL, p = 0.03) and peak troponin levels (18.3 <italic>versus</italic> 8.04 ng/mL, p = 0.005). <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref> shows the baseline characteristics of the study population divided by groups.</p>
      <p>During long-term follow-up, there was no significant difference between groups I and II regarding combined events (31.9% <italic>versus</italic> 35.6%, respectively, p = 0.76) and mortality (6.1% <italic>versus</italic> 8.5%, respectively, p = 0.51) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figures 2</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f03">3</xref>; <xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Table 2</xref>).</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f02">
          <label>Figure 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Comparison of percentage free of long-term combined events in group I (with residual lesion) and II (without residual lesion).</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-107-06-0550-60176-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
        <fig id="f03">
          <label>Figure 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Comparison of long-term survival between group I (with residual lesion) and II (without residual lesion).</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-107-06-0550-60176-gf03.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <table-wrap id="t2">
        <label>Table 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Comparative analysis of the main events between groups I (with residual lesion) and II (without residual lesion) in long-term multivariate analysis</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="25%"/>
            <col width="25%"/>
            <col width="25%"/>
            <col width="25%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">
							</th>
              <th align="center">Group I</th>
              <th align="center">Group II</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Interventions</td>
              <td align="center">1.5%</td>
              <td align="center">0.0%</td>
              <td align="center">0.21</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Reinfarction</td>
              <td align="center">15.2%</td>
              <td align="center">17.0%</td>
              <td align="center">0.44</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">HF</td>
              <td align="center">10.6%</td>
              <td align="center">10.1%</td>
              <td align="center">0.59</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Mortality</td>
              <td align="center">6.1%</td>
              <td align="center">8.5%</td>
              <td align="center">0.51</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Combined events</td>
              <td align="center">31.9%</td>
              <td align="center">35.6%</td>
              <td align="center">0.76</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN2">
            <p>HF: heart failure.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>Overall, 6.1% of the patients in group I underwent myocardial perfusion scintigraphy during follow-up, of which 38% resulted positive. In group I, 48.2% of the reinfarctions during follow-up were related to the culprit lesion in the first event and 51.8% to another lesion not addressed during the index event. In group II, these rates were 62.4% and 37.6%, respectively. In these cases, stent restenosis was observed in 28.3% and 26.5% in groups I and II, respectively. Regarding reinfarction caused by the same artery, we observed rates of 57.6% and 71.8% in groups I and II, respectively.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discussion</title>
      <p>In several studies over the past 25 years, about 50% of the infarcted patients have lesions with &gt; 50% stenosis in other coronary arteries in addition to the artery related to the infarct target artery.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Aligned with information on current guidelines, the present study showed no differences in regards to long-term prognosis in patients admitted for ACS who underwent complete treatment of the coronary lesions and those who remained with residual lesions. This finding is relevant due to the recent controversy related to studies published over the past years.</p>
      <p>The current guidelines recommend an approach dedicated to the infarct target vessel. Additional procedures, with revascularization of multiple vessels, should only be performed in cases with persistent hemodynamic instability (cardiogenic shock) or evidence of uncontrolled myocardial ischemia (pain and electrocardiographic changes). Severe coronary stenoses (&gt; 70%) not directly related to the index procedure must be addressed at a second moment (staged procedure). In contrast, it is considered reasonable to treat severe but less complex stenoses located in the same coronary system related to the infarct vessel at the physician's discretion and before critical evaluation of the patient's clinical and hemodynamic status, including the contrast burden received by the patient.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Corroborating the recommendations, Hannan et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> published in 2010 a database analysis aimed at comparing PCI of the culprit lesion alone (CL-PCI) <italic>versus</italic> PCI of all significant lesions during the index procedure (Multi-PCI) <italic>versus</italic> staged PCI of all significant lesions (Multi-Staged-PCI). The study included 1,434 patients with ST-elevation ACS and multivessel disease, and excluded those with lesions in the left main coronary artery, unknown LVEF, cardiogenic shock, prior myocardial revascularization, or undergoing thrombolysis. The main results obtained by the authors were lower in-hospital mortality when CL-PCI was compared with Multi-PCI (0.9% <italic>versus</italic> 2.4%, p = 0.04), in addition to lower 12-month mortality when CL-PCI was compared with Multi-Staged PCI (1.3% <italic>versus</italic> 3.3%, p = 0.04).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Along with these findings, a meta-analysis published in 2014 including 39,390 patients in randomized and non-randomized studies published until October 2013 showed that the strategy of Multi-PCI compared with CL-PCI increased mortality both in the short term (odds ratio [OR] = 0.50, p = 0.002) and long term (OR = 0.52, p &lt; 0.001).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Other meta-analyses were unable to show differences among all three treatment types, raising even more doubts about the best approach to patients with ST-segment elevation ACS. In one of these meta-analyses, published in 2014, Sekercioglu et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> assessed 683 patients enrolled in randomized studies. The authors found that there was no difference between the groups in terms of overall mortality (relative risk [RR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40 - 0.21) and mortality due to cardiac causes (RR = 0.48, 95%CI 0.22 - 1.04). It has been suggested that Multi-PCI tends to decrease those events related to revascularization; however, this observation has not shown statistically significant difference.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Another meta-analysis published in 2015 and including 4,686 patients showed no difference between the groups CL-PCI and Multi-PCI in cardiac events comprising cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and revascularization within 90 days (OR = 0.70, 95%CI 0.38 - 1.27) or 1 year (OR = 0.70, 95%CI 0.47 - 1.03). There was also no difference between the groups Multi-PCI and Multi-Staged-PCI regarding cardiac events comprising cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and revascularization within 90 days or 1 year (OR = 0.86, 95%CI 0.62 - 1.08). In both comparisons, there was a decrease in revascularization rates in the group in which all arteries with lesions were either treated at the time of the PCI or underwent staged treatment, suggesting a slight benefit in these groups.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>
			</p>
      <p>An important difference between our study and the main meta-analyses discussed here is the fact that we included patients with ACS with and without ST-segment elevation. Nevertheless, we believe that in the long term, the presence of residual lesions shows correlation not with the type of ACS presentation during the index event, but with the instability of the described residual plaques.</p>
      <p>In favor of treating all the arteries with significant lesions, Politi et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> published in 2010 a prospective randomized study with 214 patients with ST-elevation ACS and multivessel disease, which excluded patients with cardiogenic shock, prior myocardial revascularization, lesion in the left main coronary artery, and severe valvular heart disease. The objective of the study was to compare CL-PCI and Multi-Staged-PCI. A higher long-term incidence of primary compound events (reintervention, surgical revascularization, reinfarction, readmission, death due to all causes, death due to cardiac causes, in-hospital death) was observed when CL-PCI was compared with Multi-PCI and Multi-Staged-PCI (50% <italic>versus</italic> 20% <italic>versus</italic> 23%, respectively, p &lt; 0.001). However, no difference was observed between the Multi-PCI and Multi-Staged-PCI groups.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>
			</p>
      <p>One of the first recent studies to raise doubts about the benefit of Multi-PCI treatment was the PRAMI trial, published in 2013, which included 465 patients with ST-elevation ACS and multivessel disease. This prospective, randomized, and multicenter study excluded patients with cardiogenic shock and prior revascularization. The results showed a lower incidence of the event comprising mortality from cardiac causes, refractory angina, and nonfatal reinfarction in a comparison between CL-PCI <italic>versus</italic> Multi-PCI (23% <italic>versus</italic> 9%, respectively, p &lt; 0.001).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>
			</p>
      <p>These results were also observed in a meta-analysis published by Dahal et. al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> in 2014, which included 840 patients in randomized and non-randomized studies until December 2013. The Multi-PCI and Multi-Staged-PCI strategies combined, compared with CL-PCI, decreased major cardiac events comprising myocardial infarction, revascularization, and death from all causes (RR = 0.46, 95%CI 0.35 - 0.60, p &lt; 0.00001), mainly at the expense of myocardial infarction (RR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.17 - 0.71, p &lt; 0.004) and revascularization (RR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.24 - 0.52, p &lt; 0.00001). No difference occurred between simultaneous and staged treatments in regards to the occurrence of myocardial infarction (RR = 0.60, 95%CI 0.20 - 1.78, p = 0.36), revascularization (RR = 0.86, 95%CI 0.47 - 1.54, p = 0.6), and all-cause mortality (RR = 1.50, 95%CI 0.44 - 5.07, p = 0.57).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Another prospective, randomized study that showed results favoring Multi-PCI was the study CvLPRIT, published in 2015, which compared CL-PCI <italic>versus</italic> Multi-PCI in 296 patients with ST-elevation ACS and multivessel disease. As a result, Multi-PCI showed a lower incidence of events comprising death, reinfarction, and cardiac failure at 12 months (21.2% <italic>versus</italic> 10%, p = 0.009).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Specifically regarding Multi-Staged-PCI, one of the first studies to observe benefits with this treatment was published in 2011 and comprised a subanalysis of the Horizons study database, including 668 patients with ST-elevation ACS and multivessel disease. The results showed a lower mortality with CL-PCI when compared with Multi-Staged-PCI (9.2% <italic>versus</italic> 2.3%, respectively, p &lt; 0.0001), in addition to a lower mortality from cardiac causes (6.2% <italic>versus</italic> 2.0%, respectively, p = 0.005) and lower rates of stent thrombosis (5.7% <italic>versus</italic> 2.3%, respectively, p = 0.02).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>
			</p>
      <p>In agreement with these findings, another meta-analysis with a large number of patients (46,324) published in 2014 showed no difference between the groups of CL-PCI <italic>versus</italic> PCI of all lesions (combining staged or simultaneous) regarding in-hospital mortality (OR = 1.11, 95%CI 0.98 - 1.25). In comparison with the Multi-Staged-PCI group, there was a decrease in in-hospital mortality in the latter (OR = 0.35, 95%CI 0.21 - 0.59). However, when the CL-PCI and Multi-PCI groups were compared, there was an increase in in-hospital mortality in the Multi-PCI group (OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.19 - 1.54). In spite of that, in both groups with treatment of all lesions (staged and simultaneous), there was a decrease in long-term mortality (OR = 0.74, 95%CI 0.65 - 0.85) and reintervention (OR = 0.65, 95%CI 0.46 - 0.90).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Finally, a recent meta-analysis (2015) also obtained similar results as the recent randomized studies cited above in a comparison between Multi-PCI <italic>versus</italic> CL-PCI in 775 patients. It reported a lower incidence of nonfatal infarction (3.25 <italic>versus</italic> 8.51%, OR = 0.376, 95%CI 0.192 - 0.763), refractory angina (4.01% <italic>versus</italic> 9.57%, OR = 0.400, 95%CI 0.241 - 0.741), and revascularization (10.52% <italic>versus</italic> 24.20%, OR = 0.336, 95%CI 0.202 - 0.661), in addition to a lower incidence of events comprising cardiac death, nonfatal infarction, and refractory angina (11.78% <italic>versus</italic> 28.86%, OR = 0.336, 95%CI 0.223 - 0.505).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Approximately 10% to 40% of the patients included in the present study had prior coronary artery disease. This characteristic differs from most studies presented previously. If on the one hand these patients are more critically ill and have a chance of new events that will possibly increase during follow-up, on the other hand, their plaques may have more chronic features, often with evident collateral circulation and a lower chance of instability. This could justify the lack of difference in long-term events found in our study.</p>
      <p>The present study has limitations because of its retrospective and observational design and limited sample size. In addition, differences between the groups related to LVEF, peak troponin levels, and medications used during hospitalization may interfere and modify the results, even after adjustments and multivariate analysis. However, this study presents results that are aligned with the current recommendations of ACS guidelines. Further randomized and prospective studies are still needed to clarify better this issue.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusion</title>
      <p>The strategy of treating only the culprit artery seems safe, and in this study, showed no long-term differences in terms of combined outcomes in patients who remained with significant lesions compared with those without other obstructions.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p>Sources of Funding</p>
        <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>Study Association</p>
        <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Artigos Originais</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Hemodin&#226;mica - Adultos</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Tratamento Completo <italic>Versus</italic> Les&#227;o Residual - Evolu&#231;&#227;o a Longo Prazo Ap&#243;s S&#237;ndrome Coronariana Aguda</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Soeiro</surname>
            <given-names>Alexandre de Matos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Scanavini</surname>
            <given-names>Marco Ant&#244;nio</given-names>
            <suffix>Filho</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bossa</surname>
            <given-names>Aline Siqueira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Zullino</surname>
            <given-names>Cindel Nogueira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Soeiro</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Carolina F. Almeida</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Leal</surname>
            <given-names>Tatiana Carvalho Andreucci T</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Serrano</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Vicente</given-names>
            <suffix>Jr.</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Hajjar</surname>
            <given-names>Ludhmila Abrah&#227;o</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kalil</surname>
            <given-names>Roberto</given-names>
            <suffix>Filho</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>M&#250;cio Tavares</given-names>
            <suffix>Jr.</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <institution content-type="original">Unidade Cl&#237;nica de Emerg&#234;ncia - Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Alexandre de Matos Soeiro</bold>, Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) - Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo. Rua Jo&#227;o Moura, 870, apto 192b, Pinheiros. CEP 05412-002, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil. E-mail: <email>alexandre.soeiro@bol.com.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Soeiro AM, Scanavini Filho MA, Serrano Jr. CV, Oliveira Jr. MT; Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Soeiro AM, Bossa AS, Zullino CN, Soeiro MCFA, Leal TCAT, Hajjar LA; An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Soeiro AM, Scanavini Filho MA, Bossa AS, Zullino CN; An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica: Soeiro AM; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Soeiro AM, Scanavini Filho MA, Oliveira Jr. MT; Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Soeiro AM, Soeiro MCFA, Leal TCAT, Serrano Jr. CV, Hajjar LA, Kalil Filho R, Oliveira Jr. MT.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>Potencial conflito de interesse</p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <title>Resumo</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Fundamento:</title>
          <p>Um estudo publicado recentemente levantou d&#250;vidas sobre a necessidade de abordagem percut&#226;nea de les&#245;es n&#227;o culpadas em pacientes com s&#237;ndromes coronarianas agudas (SCA).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>Estudo retrospectivo, unic&#234;ntrico e observacional.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p>Comparar desfechos a longo prazo entre pacientes submetidos &#224; abordagem da art&#233;ria culpada, comparando os que permaneceram com les&#245;es residuais significativas em art&#233;rias n&#227;o culpadas (grupo I) <italic>versus</italic> aqueles sem les&#245;es residuais em outros leitos coronarianos (grupo II). Foram inclu&#237;dos 580 pacientes (284 no grupo I e 296 no grupo II) entre maio de 2010 e maio de 2013. Foram obtidos dados demogr&#225;ficos e cl&#237;nicos, al&#233;m de informa&#231;&#245;es sobre o tratamento coronariano administrado aos pacientes. Na an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica, o desfecho prim&#225;rio incluiu eventos combinados (reinfarto/angina, morte, insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca e necessidade de reinterven&#231;&#227;o). A compara&#231;&#227;o entre grupos foi realizada atrav&#233;s do teste do qui-quadrado e ANOVA. A an&#225;lise a longo prazo foi realizada pelo m&#233;todo de Kaplan-Meier, com seguimento m&#233;dio de 9,86 meses.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>As m&#233;dias das idades foram de 63 anos no grupo I e 62 anos no grupo II. O seguimento a longo prazo n&#227;o mostrou diferen&#231;a significativa em eventos combinados nos grupos I e II (31,9% <italic>versus</italic> 35,6%, respectivamente, p = 0,76).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclus&#227;o:</title>
          <p>A estrat&#233;gia de tratar somente a art&#233;ria considerada culpada parece segura. Neste estudo, n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;as a longo prazo em desfechos combinados entre pacientes que permaneceram com les&#245;es significativas comparativamente &#224;queles sem outras obstru&#231;&#245;es.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave:</title>
        <kwd>S&#237;ndrome Coronariana Aguda</kwd>
        <kwd>Tratamento</kwd>
        <kwd>Evolu&#231;&#227;o Cl&#237;nica</kwd>
        <kwd>Mem&#243;ria de Longo Prazo</kwd>
        <kwd>Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>As principais diretrizes atuais sobre s&#237;ndromes coronarianas agudas (SCA) recomendam tratamento apenas da les&#227;o culpada, exceto em casos com instabilidade hemodin&#226;mica.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> No entanto, a abordagem de algumas les&#245;es n&#227;o culpadas residuais significativas no momento da interven&#231;&#227;o coronariana percut&#226;nea (ICP) segue controversa. Recentemente, alguns trabalhos t&#234;m sido publicados no intuito de elucidar melhor esta quest&#227;o.</p>
        <p>Sendo assim, ainda permanece uma lacuna no conhecimento sobre a necessidade da abordagem percut&#226;nea de les&#245;es n&#227;o culpadas nesse grupo de pacientes. Desta forma, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar desfechos a longo prazo em pacientes submetidos &#224; abordagem da art&#233;ria culpada, comparando os que permaneceram com les&#245;es residuais significativas em art&#233;rias n&#227;o culpadas <italic>versus</italic> aqueles sem les&#245;es residuais em outros leitos coronarianos.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#233;todos</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Popula&#231;&#227;o do estudo</title>
          <p>Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, unic&#234;ntrico e observacional. Foram inclu&#237;dos 580 pacientes com SCA (com e sem supradesn&#237;vel de ST) admitidos entre maio de 2010 a maio de 2013 em um setor de emerg&#234;ncia. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo I (n = 284), com presen&#231;a de les&#245;es residuais significativas (&gt; 70%); e grupo II (n = 296), sem les&#245;es residuais. Foram exclu&#237;dos pacientes mantidos em tratamento cl&#237;nico ou submetidos a cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica, com abordagem estagiada na interna&#231;&#227;o, tratamento de art&#233;ria n&#227;o culpada, com les&#227;o de tronco de coron&#225;ria esquerda, choque cardiog&#234;nico e aqueles com perda de seguimento a longo prazo (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f04">Figura 1</xref>).</p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f04">
              <label>Figura 1</label>
              <caption>
                <title>Fluxograma de inclus&#227;o/exclus&#227;o de pacientes no estudo. SCA: s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda; CRM: cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do mioc&#225;rdio; TCE: tronco de coron&#225;ria esquerda; ICP: interven&#231;&#227;o coronariana percut&#226;nea.</title>
              </caption>
              <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-107-06-0550-60176-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
          <p>Foram considerados com diagn&#243;stico de SCA todos os pacientes que preencheram os crit&#233;rios estabelecidos pela &#250;ltima diretriz da <italic>American Heart Association.</italic><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> A SCA com supradesn&#237;vel de ST foi definida pela presen&#231;a de dor tor&#225;cica com altera&#231;&#227;o persistente de ST &#8805; 0,1 mV nas deriva&#231;&#245;es do plano frontal e &#8805; 0,2 mV nas deriva&#231;&#245;es precordiais, em pelo menos duas deriva&#231;&#245;es cont&#237;guas. A SCA sem supradesn&#237;vel de ST foi definida pela presen&#231;a de dor tor&#225;cica associada a altera&#231;&#245;es eletrocardiogr&#225;ficas ou eleva&#231;&#227;o/queda nos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de troponina na interna&#231;&#227;o ou, na aus&#234;ncia destes, quadro cl&#237;nico e fatores de risco compat&#237;veis com angina inst&#225;vel (dor tor&#225;cica ao repouso ou aos m&#237;nimos esfor&#231;os, severa ou com padr&#227;o crescente). Foi considerado como reinfarto a recorr&#234;ncia de dor tor&#225;cica associada a nova eleva&#231;&#227;o nos n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de troponina.</p>
          <p>Os seguintes dados foram obtidos: idade, sexo, presen&#231;a de diabetes mellitus, hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica, tabagismo, dislipidemia, hist&#243;ria familiar de doen&#231;a coronariana precoce, doen&#231;a arterial coronariana pr&#233;via (infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio pr&#233;vio, ICP ou cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica anterior), hemoglobina, press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica, creatinina, pico de troponina, fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo (FEVE), n&#250;mero de <italic>stents</italic> implantados e medica&#231;&#245;es utilizadas nas primeiras 24 horas da interna&#231;&#227;o.</p>
          <p>Todos os pacientes foram encaminhados a consultas 14 dias e 6 meses ap&#243;s a alta, nas quais foram realizados testes de isquemia ou cateterismo quando solicitados segundo avalia&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dica da equipe respons&#225;vel. O seguimento foi realizado atrav&#233;s de contato telef&#244;nico e revis&#227;o de prontu&#225;rios. Todos os <italic>stents</italic> implantados foram do tipo convencional e todos os pacientes permaneceram em uso de aspirina e clopidogrel por no m&#237;nimo 12 meses. Reserva de fluxo coronariano e ultrassonografia intracoronariana n&#227;o foram avaliadas nesse estudo.</p>
          <p>O estudo foi aprovado pelo comit&#234; de &#233;tica e pesquisa da institui&#231;&#227;o e todos os participantes assinaram um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</title>
          <p>An&#225;lises descritivas foram realizadas com utiliza&#231;&#227;o de m&#233;dias, desvios padr&#227;o, valores m&#237;nimos e m&#225;ximos. Foram consideradas como vari&#225;veis na an&#225;lise todas as caracter&#237;sticas basais apresentadas na <xref ref-type="table" rid="t3">Tabela 1</xref>.</p>
          <table-wrap id="t3">
            <label>Tabela 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas basais dos pacientes de acordo com o grupo de inclus&#227;o na alta hospitalar</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">
									</th>
                  <th align="center">Grupo I</th>
                  <th align="center">Grupo II</th>
                  <th align="center">p</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Idade</td>
                  <td align="center">63,19 <underline>+</underline> 12,27</td>
                  <td align="center">62,55 <underline>+</underline> 13,30</td>
                  <td align="center">0,6</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Sexo masculino (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">47,5%</td>
                  <td align="center">49,5%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,36</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Diabetes mellitus (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">33,1%</td>
                  <td align="center">35,6%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,23</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">HAS (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">74,4%</td>
                  <td align="center">81,2%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,04</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Tabagismo (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">41,9%</td>
                  <td align="center">35,1%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,009</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">HF positiva para DAC (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">15,0%</td>
                  <td align="center">8,0%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,02</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Dislipidemia (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">51,9%</td>
                  <td align="center">47,0%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,1</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Angina est&#225;vel (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">13,8%</td>
                  <td align="center">14,5%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,26</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">IC (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">5,0%</td>
                  <td align="center">7,1%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,23</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">IAM pr&#233;vio (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">38,8%</td>
                  <td align="center">32,3%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,08</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">CRM pr&#233;via (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">10,0%</td>
                  <td align="center">13,8%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,14</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">ATC pr&#233;via (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">30,0%</td>
                  <td align="center">22,1%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,05</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">PAS (mmHg)</td>
                  <td align="center">132,62 <underline>+</underline> 25,56</td>
                  <td align="center">131,67 <underline>+</underline> 25,56</td>
                  <td align="center">0,77</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Hb (g/dL)</td>
                  <td align="center">13,83 <underline>+</underline> 1,56</td>
                  <td align="center">13,66 <underline>+</underline> 2,10</td>
                  <td align="center">0,36</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Cr (mg/dL)</td>
                  <td align="center">1,15 <underline>+</underline> 0,57</td>
                  <td align="center">1,35 <underline>+</underline> 1,16</td>
                  <td align="center">0,03</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Troponina (pico) (ng/dL)</td>
                  <td align="center">18,3 <underline>+</underline> 64,25</td>
                  <td align="center">8,04 <underline>+</underline> 20,36</td>
                  <td align="center">0,005</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">N&#250;mero de <italic>stents</italic>/paciente</td>
                  <td align="center">1,41 <underline>+</underline> 0,82</td>
                  <td align="center">1,52 <underline>+</underline> 0,74</td>
                  <td align="center">0,37</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">FEVE (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">44,59 <underline>+</underline> 22,55</td>
                  <td align="center">41,53 <underline>+</underline> 24,00</td>
                  <td align="center">0,04</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">AAS (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">96,90%</td>
                  <td align="center">96,40%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,82</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Betabloqueador (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">80,00%</td>
                  <td align="center">66%</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Enoxaparina (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">87,50%</td>
                  <td align="center">73,20%</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Clopidogrel (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">58,10%</td>
                  <td align="center">50,40%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,06</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Tirofibana (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">10,2%</td>
                  <td align="center">11,4%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,42</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">IECA (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">68,10%</td>
                  <td align="center">56,30%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,006</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Estatina (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">85,60%</td>
                  <td align="center">79,30%</td>
                  <td align="center">0,06</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn id="TFN3">
                <p>HAS: hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica; HF: hist&#243;ria familiar; DAC: doen&#231;a arterial coronariana; IC: insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca; IAM: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; CRM: cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica; ATC: angioplastia coronariana; PAS: press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica; Hb: hemoglobina; Cr: creatinina; FEVE: fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo; AAS: &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico; IECA: inibidor da enzima conversora de angiotensina.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>A compara&#231;&#227;o entre grupos foi realizada atrav&#233;s do teste do qui-quadrado para as vari&#225;veis categ&#243;ricas. Para as vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas, quando o teste de normalidade de Kolmogorov-Smirnov mostrava distribui&#231;&#227;o normal, foi empregado o teste <italic>t</italic> de Student. Caso a distribui&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o seguisse o padr&#227;o de normalidade, o teste Mann-Whitney U era ent&#227;o utilizado.</p>
          <p>O desfecho prim&#225;rio incluiu eventos combinados (reinfarto/angina, morte, insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca e necessidade de reinterven&#231;&#227;o). O desfecho secund&#225;rio foi mortalidade. A an&#225;lise a longo prazo foi realizada por teste <italic>log rank</italic> para avaliar a diferen&#231;a entre os grupos na an&#225;lise de Kaplan-Meier, com seguimento m&#233;dio de 9,86 meses. Caso algum desfecho apresentasse diferen&#231;a entre grupos, a an&#225;lise multivariada era realizada pelo modelo de regress&#227;o de Cox. Em todas as an&#225;lises, foram considerados significativos os valores de p &lt; 0,05.</p>
          <p>Todos os c&#225;lculos foram realizados com o programa SPSS, v10.0.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="results">
        <title>Resultados</title>
        <p>As m&#233;dias de idade foram de 63 anos no grupo I e 62 anos no grupo II. Diferen&#231;as significativas foram observadas entre os grupos em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; preval&#234;ncia de hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica (74,4% <italic>versus</italic> 81,2%, <italic>p</italic> = 0,04), tabagismo (41,9% <italic>versus</italic> 35,1%, p = 0,009) e hist&#243;ria familiar de doen&#231;a coronariana precoce (15,0% <italic>versus</italic> 8,8%, p = 0,02); uso de betabloqueador (80,0% <italic>versus</italic> 65,6%, p &lt; 0,001), enoxaparina (87,5% <italic>versus</italic> 73,2%, p &lt; 0,001) e inibidor da enzima conversora de angiotensina (68,1% <italic>versus</italic> 56,3%, p = 0,006), n&#237;vel s&#233;rico basal de creatinina (1,15 <italic>versus</italic> 1,35 mg/dL, p = 0,03) e pico s&#233;rico de troponina (18,3 <italic>versus</italic> 8,04 ng/mL, p = 0,005). As caracter&#237;sticas basais da popula&#231;&#227;o estudada de acordo com os grupos encontram-se na <xref ref-type="table" rid="t3">Tabela 1</xref>.</p>
        <p>O seguimento a longo prazo n&#227;o mostrou diferen&#231;a significativa entre os grupos I e II em rela&#231;&#227;o a eventos combinados (31,9% <italic>versus</italic> 35,6%, respectivamente, p = 0,76) e mortalidade (6,1% <italic>versus</italic> 8,5%, p = 0,51) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f05">Figuras 2</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f06">3</xref>; <xref ref-type="table" rid="t4">Tabela 2</xref>).</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f05">
            <label>Figura 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Porcentagem livre de eventos combinados a longo prazo comparativa entre os grupos I (les&#227;o residual presente) e II (sem les&#227;o residual).</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-107-06-0550-60176-gf02-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          <fig id="f06">
            <label>Figura 3</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Sobrevida a longo prazo comparativa entre os grupos I (les&#227;o residual presente) e II (sem les&#227;o residual).</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-107-06-0550-60176-gf03-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
        <table-wrap id="t4">
          <label>Tabela 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>An&#225;lise comparativa dos principais eventos entre os grupos I (com les&#227;o residual) e II (sem les&#227;o residual) na an&#225;lise multivariada a longo prazo</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="center">Grupo I</th>
                <th align="center">Grupo II</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Reinterven&#231;&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">1,5%</td>
                <td align="center">0,0%</td>
                <td align="center">0,21</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Reinfarto</td>
                <td align="center">15,2%</td>
                <td align="center">17,0%</td>
                <td align="center">0,44</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">IC</td>
                <td align="center">10,6%</td>
                <td align="center">10,1%</td>
                <td align="center">0,59</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Mortalidade</td>
                <td align="center">6,1%</td>
                <td align="center">8,5%</td>
                <td align="center">0,51</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Eventos combinados</td>
                <td align="center">31,9%</td>
                <td align="center">35,6%</td>
                <td align="center">0,76</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN4">
              <p>IC: insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Ao todo, 6,1% dos pacientes no grupo I realizaram cintilografia de perfus&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica na evolu&#231;&#227;o e em 38% destes, o exame resultou positivo. No grupo I, 48,2% dos reinfartos na evolu&#231;&#227;o estiveram relacionados &#224; les&#227;o culpada no primeiro evento e 51,8% a outra les&#227;o n&#227;o abordada no evento &#237;ndice. No grupo II, esses &#237;ndices foram de 62,4% e 37,6%, respectivamente. Nesses casos, reestenose de <italic>stent</italic> foi observada em 28,3% e 26,5% nos grupos I e II, respectivamente. Referente ao reinfarto relacionado &#224; mesma art&#233;ria, foram observadas taxas de 57,6% e 71,8% nos grupos I e II, respectivamente.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
        <p>Em m&#250;ltiplas casu&#237;sticas apresentadas ao longo dos &#250;ltimos 25 anos, em m&#233;dia 50% dos pacientes infartados exibem estenoses &gt; 50% em outros vasos coronarianos adicionais ao vaso-alvo infartado.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Assim como informa&#231;&#245;es nas diretrizes atuais, os pacientes admitidos por SCA no presente estudo n&#227;o apresentaram diferen&#231;as em rela&#231;&#227;o ao progn&#243;stico a longo prazo quando submetidos a abordagem completa das les&#245;es coronarianas ou quando permanecendo com les&#245;es residuais significativas. Tal achado torna-se relevante devido &#224; controv&#233;rsia recente relacionada a estudos publicados nos &#250;ltimos anos.</p>
        <p>As diretrizes atuais recomendam uma abordagem dedicada ao vaso-alvo infartado. Procedimentos adicionais, com revasculariza&#231;&#227;o de m&#250;ltiplos vasos, devem ser realizados somente diante de instabilidade hemodin&#226;mica persistente (choque cardiog&#234;nico) ou evid&#234;ncias de isquemia mioc&#225;rdica n&#227;o controlada (dor e altera&#231;&#227;o ao eletrocardiograma). As estenoses coronarianas graves (&gt; 70%) n&#227;o relacionadas diretamente ao procedimento &#237;ndice devem ser abordadas em um segundo tempo (procedimento estagiado). Por outro lado, &#233; considerado razo&#225;vel o tratamento de estenose grave de menor complexidade localizada no mesmo sistema coronariano relacionado ao vaso infartado a crit&#233;rio do operador e diante de criteriosa avalia&#231;&#227;o da situa&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica e hemodin&#226;mica do paciente, inclusive da carga de contraste j&#225; recebida.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Corroborando as recomenda&#231;&#245;es, Hannan et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> publicaram em 2010 um estudo com an&#225;lise de um banco de dados, cujo objetivo foi comparar a realiza&#231;&#227;o da ICP somente na les&#227;o culpada (ICP-LC) <italic>versus</italic> todas as les&#245;es significativas no momento do procedimento (ICP-Multi) <italic>versus</italic> todas as les&#245;es significativas de maneira estagiada (ICP-Multi-Estagiada). Foram inclu&#237;dos 1.434 pacientes com SCA com supradesn&#237;vel de ST e doen&#231;a multiarterial, e exclu&#237;dos pacientes com les&#227;o de tronco de coron&#225;ria esquerda, FEVE desconhecida, choque cardiog&#234;nico, revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica pr&#233;via, ou submetidos &#224; tromb&#243;lise. Os principais resultados obtidos pelos autores foram menor mortalidade intra-hospitalar na compara&#231;&#227;o entre ICP-LC <italic>versus</italic> ICP-Multi (0,9% <italic>versus</italic> 2,4%, p = 0,04) al&#233;m de menor mortalidade em 12 meses na compara&#231;&#227;o entre ICP-LC <italic>versus</italic> ICP-Multi-Estagiada (1,3% <italic>versus</italic> 3,3%, p = 0,04).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Corroborando estes resultados, uma metan&#225;lise publicada em 2014 incluindo 39.390 pacientes em estudos randomizados e n&#227;o randomizados at&#233; outubro de 2013 mostrou que a estrat&#233;gia de ICP-Multi comparada &#224; ICP-LC aumentou a mortalidade a curto prazo (<italic>odds ratio</italic> [OR] = 0,50, p = 0,002) e a longo prazo (OR = 0,52, p &lt; 0,001).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Outras metan&#225;lises n&#227;o conseguiram mostrar diferen&#231;as entre todos os tr&#234;s tipos de tratamento, levantando ainda mais d&#250;vida sobre a melhor proposta para pacientes com SCA com supradesn&#237;vel de ST. Em uma delas, publicada em 2014, Sekercioglu et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> analisaram 683 pacientes inclu&#237;dos em estudos randomizados. Os autores constataram que n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a entre os grupos em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; mortalidade geral (risco relativo [RR] = 0,69, intervalo de confian&#231;a de 95% [IC95%] 0,40 - 0,21) e mortalidade por causa card&#237;aca (RR = 0,48, IC95% 0,22 - 1,04). Sugeriu-se que a ICP-Multi apresentaria uma tend&#234;ncia a diminuir os eventos relacionados &#224; revasculariza&#231;&#227;o, por&#233;m esta observa&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o mostrou diferen&#231;a estatisticamente significativa.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Outra metan&#225;lise publicada em 2015 incluindo 4.686 pacientes n&#227;o mostrou diferen&#231;a entre os grupos ICP-LC e ICP-Multi em eventos card&#237;acos compostos por morte de causa card&#237;aca, infarto do mioc&#225;rdio e revasculariza&#231;&#227;o em 90 dias (OR = 0,70, IC95% 0,38 - 1,27) ou em 1 ano (OR = 0,70, IC95% 0,47 - 1,03). Tamb&#233;m n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a entre os grupos ICP-Multi e ICP-Multi-Estagiada em eventos card&#237;acos compostos por morte de causa card&#237;aca, infarto do mioc&#225;rdio e revasculariza&#231;&#227;o em 90 dias ou em 1 ano (OR = 0,86, IC95% 0,62 - 1,08). Em ambas as compara&#231;&#245;es, houve diminui&#231;&#227;o nas taxas de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o no grupo de tratamento de todas as art&#233;rias com les&#245;es seja no momento da ICP ou estagiado, sugerindo um benef&#237;cio discreto para estes grupos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Uma diferen&#231;a importante entre o nosso estudo e as principais metan&#225;lises relatadas aqui foi o fato de termos inclu&#237;do pacientes com SCA com e sem supradesn&#237;vel de ST. Apesar disso, acreditamos que a longo prazo, a presen&#231;a de les&#245;es residuais n&#227;o apresenta correla&#231;&#227;o com o tipo de apresenta&#231;&#227;o da SCA no evento &#237;ndice, mas sim, com a instabilidade das placas residuais descritas.</p>
        <p>A favor do tratamento de todas as art&#233;rias com les&#245;es significativas, Politi et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> publicaram em 2010 um estudo prospectivo e randomizado com 214 pacientes com SCA com supradesn&#237;vel de ST e doen&#231;a multiarterial, excluindo pacientes em choque cardiog&#234;nico, revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica pr&#233;via, les&#227;o de tronco de coron&#225;ria esquerda e valvopatia grave. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar ICP-LC com ICP-Multi e ICP-Multi-Estagiada. Observou-se maior incid&#234;ncia a longo prazo de eventos prim&#225;rios compostos (reinterven&#231;&#227;o, revasculariza&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica, reinfarto, reinterna&#231;&#227;o, morte por todas as causas, morte por causa card&#237;aca e morte intra-hospitalar) quando a ICP-LC foi comparada &#224; ICP-Multi e &#224; ICP-Multi-Estagiada (50% <italic>versus</italic> 20% <italic>versus</italic> 23%, respectivamente, p &lt; 0,001). Por&#233;m, n&#227;o foi encontrada diferen&#231;a entre os grupos ICP-Multi e ICP-Multi-Estagiada.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Um dos primeiros estudos recentes a levantar d&#250;vidas sobre o benef&#237;cio do tratamento ICP-Multi foi o estudo PRAMI, publicado em 2013, que incluiu 465 pacientes com SCA com supradesn&#237;vel de ST e les&#245;es multiarteriais. Esse estudo prospectivo, randomizado e multic&#234;ntrico excluiu pacientes com choque cardiog&#234;nico e tratamento pr&#233;vio com revasculariza&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca. Foi evidenciada uma menor incid&#234;ncia do evento composto por mortalidade de causas card&#237;acas, angina refrat&#225;ria e reinfarto n&#227;o fatal em uma compara&#231;&#227;o entre ICP-LC <italic>versus</italic> ICP-Multi (23% <italic>versus</italic> 9%, p &lt; 0,001).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Estes resultados tamb&#233;m foram observados em uma metan&#225;lise publicada por Dahal et al.<sup>10</sup> em 2014, que incluiu 840 pacientes de estudos randomizados e n&#227;o randomizados at&#233; dezembro de 2013. As estrat&#233;gias de ICP-Multi e ICP-Multi-Estagiada em combina&#231;&#227;o, comparadas &#224; ICP-LC, diminuiu eventos card&#237;acos maiores compostos por infarto do mioc&#225;rdio, revasculariza&#231;&#227;o e morte por todas as causas (RR = 0,46, IC95% 0,35 - 0,60, p &lt; 0,00001), principalmente &#224;s custas de infarto do mioc&#225;rdio (RR = 0,35, IC95% 0,17 - 0,71, p &lt; 0,004) e revasculariza&#231;&#227;o (RR = 0,35, IC95% 0,24 - 0,52, p &lt; 0,00001). N&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a entre o tratamento simult&#226;neo e estagiado em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; ocorr&#234;ncia de infarto do mioc&#225;rdio (RR = 0,60, IC95% 0,20 - 1,78, p = 0,36), revasculariza&#231;&#227;o (RR = 0,86, IC95% 0,47 - 1,54, p = 0,6) e mortalidade por todas as causas (RR =1,50, IC95% 0,44 - 5,07, p = 0,57).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Outro estudo prospectivo e randomizado que mostrou resultados a favor da ICP-Multi foi o estudo CvLPRIT, publicado em 2015, que comparou a ICP-LC <italic>versus</italic> ICP-Multi em 296 pacientes com SCA com supradesn&#237;vel de ST e doen&#231;a multiarterial. Como resultado, a ICP-Multi mostrou menor incid&#234;ncia de evento composto por morte, reinfarto e insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca em 12 meses (21,2% <italic>versus</italic> 10%, p = 0,009).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>
				</p>
        <p>J&#225; especificamente em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; ICP-Multi-Estagiada, um dos primeiros estudos que observou benef&#237;cios deste tratamento foi publicado em 2011 a partir de uma suban&#225;lise do banco de dados do estudo <italic>Horizons</italic>, com 668 pacientes com SCA com supradesn&#237;vel de ST e doen&#231;a multiarterial. Os resultados mostraram uma menor mortalidade com ICP-LC em compara&#231;&#227;o &#224; ICP-Multi-Estagiada (9,2% <italic>versus</italic> 2,3%, respectivamente, p &lt; 0,0001), al&#233;m de menor mortalidade por causas card&#237;acas (6,2% <italic>versus</italic> 2,0%, respectivamente, p = 0,005) e menores taxas de trombose de <italic>stent</italic> (5,7% <italic>versus</italic> 2,3%, respectivamente, p = 0,02).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Em concord&#226;ncia a estes achados, uma outra metan&#225;lise com um grande n&#250;mero de pacientes (46.324), publicada em 2014, mostrou que n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;a entre os grupos de ICP-LC <italic>versus</italic> ICP de todas as les&#245;es (combinando estagiado ou simult&#226;neo) em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; mortalidade intra-hospitalar (OR = 1,11, IC95% 0,98 - 1,25). Na compara&#231;&#227;o com o grupo ICP-Multi-Estagiada, houve diminui&#231;&#227;o da mortalidade intra-hospitalar nesse &#250;ltimo (OR = 0,35, IC95% 0,21 - 0,59). No entanto, quando comparados os grupos ICP-LC e ICP-Multi, houve aumento de mortalidade hospitalar no grupo ICP-Multi (OR = 1,35, IC95% 1,19 - 1,54). Apesar disso, nos dois grupos de tratamento de todas as les&#245;es (estagiado e simult&#226;neo), houve diminui&#231;&#227;o da mortalidade a longo prazo (OR = 0,74, IC95% 0,65 - 0,85) e reinterven&#231;&#227;o (OR = 0,65, IC95% 0,46 - 0,90).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Por &#250;ltimo, uma metan&#225;lise recente (2015) tamb&#233;m obteve resultados semelhantes aos estudos randomizados recentes citados acima em uma compara&#231;&#227;o entre ICP-Multi <italic>versus</italic> ICP-LC em 775 pacientes. Foi observada menor incid&#234;ncia de infarto n&#227;o fatal (3,25 <italic>versus</italic> 8,51%, respectivamente, OR = 0,376, IC95% 0,192 - 0,763), angina refrat&#225;ria (4,01% <italic>versus</italic> 9,57%, respectivamente, OR = 0,400, IC95% 0,241 - 0,741) e revasculariza&#231;&#227;o (10,52% <italic>versus</italic> 24,20%, respectivamente, OR = 0,336, IC95% 0,202 - 0,661). Foi encontrada tamb&#233;m menor incid&#234;ncia dos eventos compostos morte de causa card&#237;aca, infarto n&#227;o fatal e angina refrat&#225;ria (11,78% <italic>versus</italic> 28,86%, respectivamente, OR = 0,336, IC95% 0,223 - 0,505).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Cerca de 10% a 40% dos pacientes inclu&#237;dos no presente estudo apresentavam doen&#231;a arterial coronariana pr&#233;via. Tal caracter&#237;stica tamb&#233;m difere da maioria dos estudos apresentados previamente. Se por um lado s&#227;o doentes mais graves nos quais a chance de novos eventos possivelmente aumente durante o seguimento, por outro lado talvez as placas tenham caracter&#237;sticas mais cr&#244;nicas, por vezes com circula&#231;&#227;o colateral evidente e menor instabilidade. Isso poderia justificar nosso achado de aus&#234;ncia de diferen&#231;as entre eventos a longo prazo.</p>
        <p>O presente estudo apresenta limita&#231;&#245;es pelo fato de ser retrospectivo, observacional e com casu&#237;stica limitada. Al&#233;m disso, diferen&#231;as entre os grupos relacionadas &#224; FEVE, n&#237;veis m&#225;ximos de troponina e medicamentos utilizados na interna&#231;&#227;o podem interferir e modificar os resultados, mesmo com a realiza&#231;&#227;o de ajustes e an&#225;lise multivariada. No entanto, este estudo apresenta resultados que condizem que as recomenda&#231;&#245;es atuais das diretrizes sobre SCA. Novos estudos randomizados e prospectivos ainda s&#227;o necess&#225;rios para melhor esclarecimento do assunto.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
        <p>A estrat&#233;gia de tratar somente a art&#233;ria considerada culpada parece segura. Neste estudo, n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;as a longo prazo em desfechos combinados entre pacientes que permaneceram com les&#245;es significativas comparativamente &#224;queles sem outras obstru&#231;&#245;es.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p>Fontes de financiamento</p>
          <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
