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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">4qQvvpzTFxt56nFhSzWL6qp</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2016004100187</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20160088</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Image</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Multiple Thrombi in the Inferior Vena Cava and Right Atrium &#8211; Recurrent Thromboembolism Due to Polycythemia Vera</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Domingues</surname>
            <given-names>Kevin</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Marta</surname>
            <given-names>Liliana</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Peres</surname>
            <given-names>Marisa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Monteiro</surname>
            <given-names>Isabel</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Leal</surname>
            <given-names>Margarida</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital de Santar&#233;m</institution>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Santar&#233;m &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Michel Komajda,</bold> Department of Cardiology, Piti&#233;-Salp&#234;tri&#232;re Hospital, University Pierre and Marie Curie and IHU ICAN, Paris 75013, France. E-mail: <email>michel.komajda@psl.aphp.fr</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Acquisition of data: Domingues K, Marta L, Peres M; Writing of the manuscript: Domingues K; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Marta L, Peres M, Monteiro I, Leal M.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2016</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>107</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>187</fpage>
      <lpage>188</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>Polycythemia Vera</kwd>
        <kwd>Pulmonary Embolism/mortality</kwd>
        <kwd>Thrombosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Vena Cava, Inferior</kwd>
        <kwd>Heart Atria</kwd>
        <kwd>Tomography, X Ray Computed, Echocardiography</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Thromboembolic events are a major cause of morbidity in patients with polycythemia vera (PV), accounting for a third of the deaths in this population. PV is a clonal disorder in which disturbed hematopoiesis leads to increased erythropoiesis, myelopoiesis, and/or megakaryopoiesis, characterizing this disorder as a prothrombotic state.</p>
    <p>We report here the case of a 72-year-old man with a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and implantation of a DDDR pacemaker 6 years before due to sick sinus syndrome. He also had an unclear, recent history of high hemoglobin levels and leukocytosis. He had been admitted three times in less than 1 year for acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), despite being on anticoagulation therapy (one time on rivaroxaban, another on warfarin with adequate INR). A computed tomography scan revealed occlusive bilateral thrombi in the lower lobe arteries. Echocardiography was performed and showed enlargement of the right cavities, D-shaped left ventricle, severe pulmonary hypertension, and right ventricular dysfunction (tissue Doppler imaging = 8 cm/s). Multiple thrombi were present in the right atrium (some attached to the pacemaker lead) and in the inferior vena cava. Nevertheless, the patient was hemodynamically stable and comfortable with an oxygen mask.</p>
    <p>Therapeutic options were discussed, and a conservative approach with anticoagulation was adopted. A genetic testing was performed, revealing a <italic>JAK2-V617F</italic> gene mutation, which along with a hemoglobin level &gt; 18.5 g/dL confirmed the diagnosis of PV according to 2008 World Health Organization diagnostic criteria. The patient was started on cytoreductive therapy with hydroxyurea and phlebotomies but presented again with another PTE 1 month later. We then decided to increase the target INR to 3&#8211;4, and until this date, no new thrombotic events have been registered.</p>
    <p>
      <fig id="f1">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-107-02-0187-60088-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Imagem</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>M&#250;ltiplos Trombos na Veia Cava Inferior e &#193;trio Direito &#8211; Tromboembolismo Recorrente por Policitemia Vera</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Domingues</surname>
            <given-names>Kevin</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Marta</surname>
            <given-names>Liliana</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Peres</surname>
            <given-names>Marisa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Monteiro</surname>
            <given-names>Isabel</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Leal</surname>
            <given-names>Margarida</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Santar&#233;m &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Kevin Domingues,</bold> Avenida Bernardo Santareno. CEP 2005-177, Santar&#233;m &#8211; Portugal. E-mail: <email>kev.domingues@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Domingues K, Marta L, Peres M; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Domingues K; Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Marta L, Peres M, Monteiro I, Leal M.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>cPotencial conflito de interesse</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Policitemia Vera</kwd>
        <kwd>Embolia Pulmonar/mortalidade</kwd>
        <kwd>Trombose</kwd>
        <kwd>Veia Cava Inferior</kwd>
        <kwd>&#193;trios do Cora&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X</kwd>
        <kwd>Ecocardiografia</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Eventos tromboemb&#243;licos s&#227;o uma das causas principais de morbidade em pacientes com policitemia vera (PV), representando um ter&#231;o dos &#243;bitos nesta popula&#231;&#227;o. A PV &#233; um dist&#250;rbio clonal no qual uma altera&#231;&#227;o da hematopoiese leva a um aumento da eritropoiese, mielopoiese e/ou megacariopoiese, caracterizando esse dist&#250;rbio como um estado pr&#243;-tromb&#243;tico.</p>
      <p>N&#243;s relatamos aqui o caso de um paciente masculino de 72 anos com hist&#243;ria de hipertens&#227;o arterial, diabetes mellitus tipo 2 e implante de marcapasso DDDR 6 anos antes devido a doen&#231;a do n&#243; sinusal. O paciente tamb&#233;m apresentava uma hist&#243;ria recente incerta sobre n&#237;veis elevados de hemoglobina e leucocitose. Ele foi admitido tr&#234;s vezes em menos de 1 ano devido a tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) agudo apesar de anticoagula&#231;&#227;o (uma vez em uso de rivaroxabana e outra de varfarina com INR adequado). Uma tomografia computadorizada mostrou trombos oclusivos bilaterais nas art&#233;rias lobares inferiores. Uma ecocardiografia foi realizada e mostrou um alargamento das cavidades direitas, ventr&#237;culo esquerdo em forma de D, hipertens&#227;o pulmonar grave e disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular direita (Doppler tecidual = 8 cm/s). M&#250;ltiplos trombos estavam presentes no &#225;trio direito (alguns anexados ao cabo-eletrodo do marcapasso) e na veia cava inferior. Apesar disto, o paciente estava hemodinamicamente est&#225;vel e confort&#225;vel com o uso de m&#225;scara de oxig&#234;nio.</p>
      <p>Op&#231;&#245;es terap&#234;uticas foram discutidas e uma abordagem conservadora com anticoagula&#231;&#227;o foi adotada. Um teste gen&#233;tico foi realizado, revelando uma muta&#231;&#227;o no gene <italic>JAK2&#8209;V617F</italic>, que juntamente com um n&#237;vel de hemoglobina &gt; 18,5 g/dL confirmou o diagn&#243;stico de PV de acordo com os crit&#233;rios de 2008 da Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial da Sa&#250;de. O paciente iniciou terapia citorredutora com hidroxiureia e flebotomias, mas apresentou um novo epis&#243;dio de TEP 1 m&#234;s depois. N&#243;s decidimos ent&#227;o aumentar o INR para 3&#8211;4 e, at&#233; o momento, nenhum novo evento tromb&#243;tico foi registado.</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-107-02-0187-60088-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s&#8209;gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
