<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="letter" dtd-version="1.0" specific-use="sps-1.4" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">X3BXvtpF3fdPP7fBPdZLfmH</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2016004000083</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20160105</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Prophylactic Left Internal Mammary Artery Graft In Mildly-Stenosed Coronary Lesions. Still an Open Discussion</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cerit</surname>
            <given-names>Levent</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <institution content-type="orgname">Near East University Hospital</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Nicosia</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="CY">Cyprus</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Near East University Hospital, Nicosia - Cyprus</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Levent Cerit,</bold> Near East University Hospital, Nicosia - Cyprus. E-mail: <email>drcerit@hotmail.com</email>; <email>drcerit@yahoo.com</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2016</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>107</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>83</fpage>
      <lpage>84</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>18</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>18</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2016</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>Coronary Artery Disease/surgery</kwd>
        <kwd>Mocardial Revascularization</kwd>
        <kwd>Mammary Arteries</kwd>
        <kwd>Coronary Stenosis</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>I have read the article entitled "Prophylactic Left Internal Mammary Artery Graft in Mildly-Stenosed Coronary Lesions. Still An Open Discussion" by Evora et al.1 with great interest, recently published in Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia. The investigators reported that the idea of a prophylactic left internal mammary artery (LIMA) on left anterior descending in mild-stenosed vessels is not confirmed yet by clinical evidence.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>
		</p>
    <p>Berger at al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> reported that all moderate coronary lesions should be LIMA grafted during primary coronary bypass surgery.</p>
    <p>Coronary angiography, anyhow quantitative, remains a relatively weak tool to determine the functional repercussion of a stenosis. Thus, it is likely that some lesions with a diameter stenosis &lt; 50% were actually hemodynamically significant and, on the contrary, that stenoses with a diameter stenosis &gt; 50% were not. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a guide wire-based index derived from intracoronary pressure measurements that has been shown to evaluate the functional significance of a coronary stenosis much more accurately than angiography.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> FFR has been shown to be a predictable surrogate for noninvasive stress testing and is thus a useful tool in determining the suitability of revascularization.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>
		</p>
    <p>In the light of these knowledges, FFR might be a useful tool to evaluate moderate coronary lesions with regard to revascularization appropriateness.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1 Evora PRB, Arc&#234;ncio L, Schmidit A, Rodrigues AJ. Prophylactic left internal mammary artery graft In mildly-stenosed coronary lesions. Still an open discussion. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2016;106(3):168-70.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Evora</surname>
              <given-names>PRB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Arc&#234;ncio</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Schmidit</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
              <given-names>AJ</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Prophylactic left internal mammary artery graft In mildly-stenosed coronary lesions. Still an open discussion</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2016</year>
          <volume>106</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>168</fpage>
          <lpage>170</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>2 Berger A, MacCarthy PA, Siebert U, Carlier S, Wijns W, Heyndrickx G, et al. Long-term patency of internal mammary artery bypass grafts: relationship with preoperative severity of the native coronary artery stenosis. Circulation. 2004; 110(11 Suppl 1):36-40.</mixed-citation>
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          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Berger</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>MacCarthy</surname>
              <given-names>PA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Siebert</surname>
              <given-names>U</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Carlier</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Wijns</surname>
              <given-names>W</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Heyndrickx</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Long-term patency of internal mammary artery bypass grafts: relationship with preoperative severity of the native coronary artery stenosis</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
          <year>2004</year>
          <volume>110</volume>
          <issue>11</issue>
          <supplement>Suppl 1</supplement>
          <fpage>36</fpage>
          <lpage>40</lpage>
        </element-citation>
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        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>3 Pijls NH, van Son JA, Kirkeeide RL, De Bruyne B, Gould KL. Experimental basis of determining maximum coronary, myocardial, and collateral blood flow by pressure measurements for assessing functional stenosis severity before and after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. <italic>Circulation</italic>. 1993;87(4):1354-67. 87(4):1354-67.</mixed-citation>
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            <name>
              <surname>Pijls</surname>
              <given-names>NH</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>van Son</surname>
              <given-names>JA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kirkeeide</surname>
              <given-names>RL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>De Bruyne</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gould</surname>
              <given-names>KL</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Experimental basis of determining maximum coronary, myocardial, and collateral blood flow by pressure measurements for assessing functional stenosis severity before and after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
          <year>1993</year>
          <volume>87</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <fpage>1354</fpage>
          <lpage>1367</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>4 Bech GJ, De Bruyne B, Pijls NH, de Muinck ED, Hoorntje JC, Escaned J, et al. Fractional flow reserve to determine the appropriateness of angioplasty in moderate coronary stenosis: a randomized trial. <italic>Circulation</italic>. 2001;103(24):2928-34.</mixed-citation>
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            <name>
              <surname>Bech</surname>
              <given-names>GJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>De Bruyne</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Pijls</surname>
              <given-names>NH</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>de Muinck</surname>
              <given-names>ED</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Hoorntje</surname>
              <given-names>JC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Escaned</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Fractional flow reserve to determine the appropriateness of angioplasty in moderate coronary stenosis: a randomized trial</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
          <year>2001</year>
          <volume>103</volume>
          <issue>24</issue>
          <fpage>2928</fpage>
          <lpage>2934</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="reply" id="SA1" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Reply</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Evora</surname>
            <given-names>Paulo Roberto B.</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>The author(s) letter is based mainly on the excellent study carried out by Berger et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">1</xref> who reported that all moderate coronary lesions should be left internal mammary artery (LIMA) grafted during primary coronary bypass surgery.</p>
      <p>Coronary angiography, anyhow quantitative, remains a relatively weak tool to determine the functional repercussion of a stenosis. In other words, the coronary angiography can underestimate the real degree of the artery obstruction. Fractional flow reserve might be a useful tool to evaluate moderate coronary lesions with regard to revascularization appropriateness.</p>
      <p>Thank you very much for adding the important lesson that the &#8220;prophylactic left internal mammary artery graft in mildly-stenosed coronary lesions&#8221;, implies in the development of better tools. The coronary flow quantification improvement would be associated with a more comfortable adoption of the Berger opinion that &#8220;all moderate coronary lesions should be LIMA grafted during primary coronary bypass surgery&#8221;. However, the discussion remains open.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">2</xref>
			</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <ref-list>
        <title>References</title>
        <ref id="B5">
          <label>1</label>
          <mixed-citation>1 Berger A, MacCarthy PA, Siebert U, Carlier S, Wijns W, Heyndrickx G, et al. Long-term patency of internal mammary artery bypass grafts: relationship with preoperative severity of the native coronary artery stenosis. Circulation. 2004;110(11Suppl 1):36-40.</mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Berger</surname>
                <given-names>A</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>MacCarthy</surname>
                <given-names>PA</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Siebert</surname>
                <given-names>U</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Carlier</surname>
                <given-names>S</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Wijns</surname>
                <given-names>W</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Heyndrickx</surname>
                <given-names>G</given-names>
              </name>
              <etal/>
            </person-group>
            <article-title>Long-term patency of internal mammary artery bypass grafts: relationship with preoperative severity of the native coronary artery stenosis</article-title>
            <source>Circulation</source>
            <year>2004</year>
            <volume>110</volume>
            <issue>11</issue>
            <supplement>Suppl 1</supplement>
            <fpage>36</fpage>
            <lpage>40</lpage>
          </element-citation>
        </ref>
        <ref id="B6">
          <label>2</label>
          <mixed-citation>2 Evora PRB, Arc&#234;ncio L, Schmidt A, Rodrigues AJ. Prophylactic left internal mammary artery graft In mildly-stenosed coronary lesions. Still an open discussion. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2016;106(3):168-70.</mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Evora</surname>
                <given-names>PRB</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Arc&#234;ncio</surname>
                <given-names>L</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Schmidt</surname>
                <given-names>A</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
                <given-names>AJ</given-names>
              </name>
              <etal/>
            </person-group>
            <article-title>Prophylactic left internal mammary artery graft In mildly-stenosed coronary lesions. Still an open discussion</article-title>
            <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
            <year>2016</year>
            <volume>106</volume>
            <issue>3</issue>
            <fpage>168</fpage>
            <lpage>170</lpage>
          </element-citation>
        </ref>
      </ref-list>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="SA2" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Enxerto Profil&#225;tico de Art&#233;ria Mam&#225;ria Interna Esquerda em Les&#245;es Coron&#225;rias Levemente Estenosadas. Ainda uma Discuss&#227;o Aberta</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cerit</surname>
            <given-names>Levent</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff01">
          <institution content-type="original">Near East University Hospital, Nic&#243;sia - Chipre</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Levent Cerit,</bold> Near East University Hospital, Nic&#243;sia - Chipre. E-mail: <email>drcerit@hotmail.com</email>; <email>drcerit@yahoo.com</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave:</title>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;a da Art&#233;ria Coronariana/cirurgia</kwd>
        <kwd>Revasculariza&#231;&#227;o Mioc&#225;rdica</kwd>
        <kwd>Art&#233;ria Tor&#225;cica Interna</kwd>
        <kwd>Estenose Coron&#225;ria</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Li o artigo intitulado "Enxerto Profil&#225;tico de Art&#233;ria Mam&#225;ria Interna Esquerda em Les&#245;es Coron&#225;rias Levemente Estenosadas. Ainda uma Discuss&#227;o Aberta" de Evora et al.,1 com grande interesse, recentemente publicado na revista Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia. Os investigadores relataram que a ideia de um enxerto profil&#225;tico da art&#233;ria mam&#225;ria interna esquerda (AMIE) na art&#233;ria descendente anterior esquerda em vasos levemente estenosados ainda n&#227;o foi confirmada por evid&#234;ncia cl&#237;nica.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Berger et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> relataram que todas as les&#245;es coron&#225;rias moderadas devem ser enxertadas com AMIE durante a cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria prim&#225;ria.</p>
      <p>A angiografia coron&#225;ria, embora quantitativa, continua a ser uma ferramenta relativamente fraca para determinar a repercuss&#227;o funcional de uma estenose. Assim, &#233; prov&#225;vel que algumas les&#245;es com um di&#226;metro de estenose &lt; 50% sejam realmente hemodinamicamente significativas e, ao contr&#225;rio, que estenoses com um di&#226;metro de estenose &gt; 50% n&#227;o sejam. Tem sido demonstrado que a reserva de fluxo fracionada (FFR) um &#237;ndice baseado em fio guia derivado de medidas de press&#227;o intracoron&#225;ria, podem avaliar o significado funcional de uma estenose coron&#225;ria de forma muito mais exata do que a angiografia.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Tem sido demonstrado que a FFR &#233; um substituto previs&#237;vel para testes de estresse n&#227;o invasivos e, portanto, &#233; uma ferramenta &#250;til para determinar a adequa&#231;&#227;o da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Considerando esses conhecimentos, a FFR pode ser uma ferramenta &#250;til para avaliar les&#245;es coron&#225;rias moderadas em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; adequa&#231;&#227;o da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o.</p>
    </body>
    <sub-article article-type="reply" id="SA3" xml:lang="pt">
      <front-stub>
        <title-group>
          <article-title>Carta-resposta</article-title>
        </title-group>
        <contrib-group>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Evora</surname>
              <given-names>Paulo Roberto B.</given-names>
            </name>
          </contrib>
        </contrib-group>
      </front-stub>
      <body>
        <p>A carta do(s) autor(es) baseia-se principalmente no excelente estudo realizado por Berger et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">1</xref> que relataram que todas as les&#245;es coron&#225;rias moderadas devem receber enxerto da art&#233;ria mam&#225;ria interna esquerda (AMIE) durante a cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria prim&#225;ria.</p>
        <p>A angiografia coron&#225;ria, embora quantitativa, continua a ser uma ferramenta relativamente fraca para determinar a repercuss&#227;o funcional de uma estenose. Em outras palavras, a angiografia coron&#225;ria pode subestimar o grau real de obstru&#231;&#227;o das art&#233;rias. A reserva de fluxo fracionada pode ser uma ferramenta &#250;til para avaliar les&#245;es coron&#225;rias moderadas em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; adequa&#231;&#227;o da revasculariza&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        <p>Muito obrigado por adicionar a importante li&#231;&#227;o de que o &#8220;enxerto profil&#225;tico da art&#233;ria mam&#225;ria interna esquerda em les&#245;es coron&#225;rias levemente estenosadas&#8221; implica no desenvolvimento de melhores ferramentas. A melhoria na quantifica&#231;&#227;o do fluxo coron&#225;rio estaria associada a uma ado&#231;&#227;o mais confort&#225;vel do parecer de Berger de que &#8220;todas as les&#245;es coron&#225;rias moderadas devem ser enxertadas com AMIE durante a cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o prim&#225;ria&#8221;. No entanto, a discuss&#227;o permanece aberta.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">2</xref>
				</p>
      </body>
    </sub-article>
  </sub-article>
</article>
