<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" dtd-version="1.0" specific-use="sps-1.2" article-type="editorial" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">MjR7wb9DZnJkRnjV7CcnXNy</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2015000600001</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00001</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20150067</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Distance Psychotherapy &#8211; New Reality</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Luz</surname>
            <given-names>Prot&#225;sio L. da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gagliani</surname>
            <given-names>Mayra L.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Romano</surname>
            <given-names>Bellkiss W.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <institution content-type="orgname">USP</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">FM</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">HC</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do HC &#8211; FMUSP, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"><bold>Mailing Adrress: Prot&#225;sio Lemos da Luz,</bold> Incor - FMUSP - Avenida Dr. En&#233;as de Carvalho Aguiar, n&#176; 44, 5 andar - BlocoII - sala 08. Postal Code 05403-000, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil. E-mail:   <email>protasio.luz@incor.usp.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2015</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>104</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>431</fpage>
      <lpage>432</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2015</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2015</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2015</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Psychotherapy</kwd>
        <kwd>Social Networking</kwd>
        <kwd>Internet / utilization</kwd>
        <kwd>Internet / trends</kwd>
        <kwd>Computer Communication Networks</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="8"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>High technology progresses fast in the medical area. The most recent advance is the &#8220;<italic>big data</italic>&#8221; study, in which multiple technologies are applied to populations in order to incorporate genetic data, biological markers and imaging, to assess risks and predict the occurrence of clinical phenomena. That is a global, multidisciplinary and multinational view, which supports and helps the implementation of preventive actions.</p>
    <p>Psychology practice in Brazil, however, still resists to this modernity. Face-to-face psychotherapy is the only modality of treatment accepted by the Brazilian Federal Council of Psychology. However, distance counseling, via Internet or mobile phone, has been increasingly used in the USA, Europe and Oceania. Epstein et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref> have reported the increasing use of &#8220;<italic>e-therapy</italic>&#8221;, as well as the exponential growth of related publications. In New Zealand, Gibson et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref> have reported the experience of adolescents with mobile phone therapy. Eight aspects were identified by adolescents as advantageous: privacy, autonomy, control, anonymity, easy access, personalization, individualization of language, and connection.</p>
    <p>The importance of these new methodologies relates to the prevalence and incidence of emotional problems worldwide. For example, depression will be the most common non-fatal disease of the 21st century<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>, and an important cause of work disability and loss of quality of life, in addition to being the third cause of suicide among North-American young adults.</p>
    <p>An extensive review published in the <italic>Journal of the American College of Cardiology</italic> by Rozansky<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref> in 2014 showed that a number of factors, such as sleep disorders, anxiety, several forms of stress at home and in the workplace, lack of purpose in life, anger and inability to face challenges, are significantly associated with cardiovascular diseases, as well as with cardiac and all-cause mortality. Those associations depend on unhealthy life habits, such as sedentary lifestyle and smoking, and activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which trigger pathophysiological mechanisms that cause cardiovascular diseases<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>. Thus, there is a biologically plausible mechanistic connection of emotional and behavioral problems with organic cardiovascular disease. If, on the one hand, the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms belongs to the cellular and molecular biology domains, on the other, when attempting to change behaviors, physicians need the professional help of psychologists. In addition, prevention is precisely one of the pillars in the eradication of chronic non-communicable diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes and hypertension, which are the major causes of mortality causes in the modern world. The fundamental requirements in the preventive strategy are changes in lifestyle, such as smoking cessation, exercise practice and the adoption of healthy diets. This is the point where the two sciences meet.</p>
    <p>Moreover, physicians often fail to recognize emotional problems, both the primary ones and those associated with organic diseases. Several psychological treatments are misused, and the number of cases treated is insufficient, barely reaching 50%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>.</p>
    <p>On the other hand, the economic burden of depression and dementia is astronomical<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B06">6</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref>. In the USA, the cost of depression, mainly related to absenteeism and poor work performance, has reached U$53 billion in one year. Regarding dementia, Hurd et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref> have estimated individual costs between U$42,000 and 56,000/person/year, and between U$ 157 billion and 250 billion/year in the USA. In Brazil, such costs are unknown, but most likely high as well.</p>
    <p>Given that scenario, the following measures are imperative:</p>
    <list list-type="alpha-lower">
      <list-item>
        <p>to identify psychological factors, as well as primary conditions, in organic diseases;</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>to adopt global health care, which are patient and not only disease oriented;</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>to incorporate different methodologies of treatment, such as new drugs and new behavioral treatment forms;</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>to improve the treatment of mental illness.</p>
      </list-item>
    </list>
    <p>Concerning &#8220;distance psychotherapy&#8221;, we believe that the brazilian law needs to be changed and adapted to the new times. Not disregarding the classic face-to-face therapy, distance counseling should not only be allowed, but encouraged in special situations covered by appropriate legislation. In Brazil, distance psychotherapy is currently allowed in the research only and encourages debate on efficiency and safety, privacy, ethical and legal questions, and other aspects<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref>. For example, one therapeutic process could begin with a few initial interviews, followed by distance treatment and face-to-face interviews at intervals. This would benefit patients living far away from large centers, where modern therapeutic techniques, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, are not available. Such alternatives would certainly contribute to the preventive processes so heartedly championed by modern medicine. Both psychologists and their formal representatives should pursue this inevitable update.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>References</title>
      <ref id="B01">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>Epstein R. Distance therapy comes of age. Scientific American Mind May/June 2011. [Cited in 2015 Jan 10]. Available from: http://www.scientificamerican.com/mind</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="webpage">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Epstein</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <source>Distance therapy comes of age</source>
          <publisher-name>Scientific American Mind</publisher-name>
          <season>May-Jun</season>
          <year>2011</year>
          <date-in-citation content-type="access-date">2015 Jan 10</date-in-citation>
          <comment>Available from: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/mind">http://www.scientificamerican.com/mind</ext-link> </comment>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B02">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>Gibson K, Cartwright C. Young people&#180;s experiences of mobile phone text counselling: Balancing connection and control. Children and youth services review. 2014;43:96-104.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Gibson</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Cartwright</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Young people&#180;s experiences of mobile phone text counselling: Balancing connection and control</article-title>
          <source>Children and youth services review</source>
          <year>2014</year>
          <volume>43</volume>
          <fpage>96</fpage>
          <lpage>104</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B03">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>The National Alliance on Mentall Illness, 2013. [Cited in 2015 Jan 10]. Available from: http://www.nami.org</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="webpage">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <collab>The National Alliance on Mentall Illness</collab>
          </person-group>
          <year>2013</year>
          <date-in-citation content-type="access-date">2015 Jan 10</date-in-citation>
          <comment>Available from: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.nami.org">http://www.nami.org</ext-link> </comment>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B04">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>Rozanski A. Behavioral cardiology: current advances and future directions. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64 (1):100-10.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Rozanski</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Behavioral cardiology: current advances and future directions</article-title>
          <source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
          <year>2014</year>
          <volume>64</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>100</fpage>
          <lpage>110</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B05">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation>Luz PL, Nishiyama M, Chagas AC. Drugs and lifestyle for the treatment and prevention of coronary artery disease: comparative analysis of the scientific basis. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2011;44(10):973-91.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Luz</surname>
              <given-names>PL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nishiyama</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Chagas</surname>
              <given-names>AC</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Drugs and lifestyle for the treatment and prevention of coronary artery disease: comparative analysis of the scientific basis</article-title>
          <source>Braz J Med Biol Res</source>
          <year>2011</year>
          <volume>44</volume>
          <issue>10</issue>
          <fpage>973</fpage>
          <lpage>991</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B06">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation>Wang PS, Simon G, Kessler RC. The economic burden of depression and the cost-effectiveness of treatment. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2003;12(1):22-33.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Wang</surname>
              <given-names>PS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Simon</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kessler</surname>
              <given-names>RC</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>The economic burden of depression and the cost-effectiveness of treatment</article-title>
          <source>Int J Methods Psychiatr Res</source>
          <year>2003</year>
          <volume>12</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>22</fpage>
          <lpage>33</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B07">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation>Hurd MD, Martorell P, Delavande A, Mullen KJ, Langa KM. Monetary costs of dementia in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2013;368(14):1326-34.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Hurd</surname>
              <given-names>MD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Martorell</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Delavande</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mullen</surname>
              <given-names>KJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Langa</surname>
              <given-names>KM</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Monetary costs of dementia in the United States</article-title>
          <source>N Engl J Med</source>
          <year>2013</year>
          <volume>368</volume>
          <issue>14</issue>
          <fpage>1326</fpage>
          <lpage>1334</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B08">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>Pieta MA, Gomes WB. Psicoterapia pela internet: vi&#225;vel ou invi&#225;vel? Psicol cienc prof. 2014;34(1):18-31.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Pieta</surname>
              <given-names>MA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gomes</surname>
              <given-names>WB</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Psicoterapia pela internet: vi&#225;vel ou invi&#225;vel?</article-title>
          <source>Psicol cienc prof</source>
          <year>2014</year>
          <volume>34</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>18</fpage>
          <lpage>31</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="SA1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Terapia Psicol&#243;gica a Dist&#226;ncia &#8211; Uma Nova Realidade</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Luz</surname>
            <given-names>Prot&#225;sio L. da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c02"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gagliani</surname>
            <given-names>Mayra L.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Romano</surname>
            <given-names>Bellkiss W.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff02">
        <institution content-type="orgname">USP</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">FM</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">HC</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do HC &#8211; FMUSP, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c02"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Prot&#225;sio Lemos da Luz,</bold> Incor - FMUSP - Avenida Dr. En&#233;as de Carvalho Aguiar, n&#176; 44, 5 andar - BlocoII - sala 08. CEP 05403-000, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil. E-mail:   <email>protasio.luz@incor.usp.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Psicoterapia</kwd>
        <kwd>Rede Social</kwd>
        <kwd>Internet / utiliza&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Internet / tend&#234;ncias</kwd>
        <kwd>Redes de Comunica&#231;&#227;o de Computadores</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>A alta tecnologia avan&#231;a rapidamente na &#225;rea m&#233;dica. O avan&#231;o mais recente s&#227;o os estudos de &#8220;<italic>big data</italic>&#8221; em que m&#250;ltiplas tecnologias est&#227;o sendo aplicadas em popula&#231;&#227;o com a finalidade de incorporar dados de gen&#233;tica, marcadores biol&#243;gicos e imagem, a fim de avaliar riscos e prever a ocorr&#234;ncia de fen&#244;menos cl&#237;nicos. Trata-se de uma vis&#227;o global, multidisciplinar, multinacional, que sustenta e ajuda a implementar a&#231;&#245;es preventivas.</p>
      <p>Uma &#225;rea que ainda n&#227;o aderiu a essa modernidade entre n&#243;s &#233; a Psicologia. A modalidade presencial de Terapia Psicol&#243;gica &#233; a &#250;nica forma de tratamento aceit&#225;vel para o Conselho Federal de Psicologia. No entanto, a terapia &#224; dist&#226;ncia, seja por Internet ou por <italic>smartphone</italic>, vem sendo utilizada cada vez mais nos EUA, na Europa e na Oceania. Epstein e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref> relatou o uso crescente da &#8220;<italic>e-therapy</italic>&#8221; bem como o crescimento exponencial das publica&#231;&#245;es correspondentes. Na Nova Zel&#226;ndia, Gibson e Cartwright<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref> documentaram a experi&#234;ncia de adolescentes com a terapia por &#8220;<italic>smartphone</italic>&#8221;. Oito aspectos foram identificados pelos adolescentes como vantajosos: privacidade, autonomia, controle, anonimato, facilidade de acesso, personaliza&#231;&#227;o, individualiza&#231;&#227;o de linguagem e conex&#227;o.</p>
      <p>A import&#226;ncia dessas novas metodologias tem a ver com a preval&#234;ncia e incid&#234;ncia de problemas emocionais no mundo todo. Por exemplo, depress&#227;o &#233; a doen&#231;a n&#227;o fatal mais comum que ocorrer&#225; no s&#233;culo XXI<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>, sendo tamb&#233;m causa importante da perda de capacidade de trabalho e de qualidade de vida, e tragicamente a terceira causa de suic&#237;dio entre adultos jovens americanos.</p>
      <p>Ampla revis&#227;o publicada por Rozansky<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref> em 2014, no   <italic>Journal of the American College of Cardiology</italic>, mostra que altera&#231;&#245;es do sono, ansiedade, diversas formas de estresse familiar e no trabalho, falta de prop&#243;sito na vida, raiva e incapacidade de enfrentar desafios, entre outros fatores, associam-se significativamente com doen&#231;as cardiovasculares, mortalidade card&#237;aca e at&#233; mortalidade por todas as causas. Essas associa&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o dependentes de h&#225;bitos de vida n&#227;o saud&#225;veis, tais como sedentarismo e tabagismo, bem como ativa&#231;&#227;o do sistema nervoso simp&#225;tico, que, por sua vez, induzem mecanismos fisiopatol&#243;gicos que causam doen&#231;as cardiovasculares<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>. Portanto, h&#225; uma conex&#227;o mecan&#237;stica, biologicamente plaus&#237;vel, entre problemas emocionais, comportamentos e doen&#231;a org&#226;nica cardiovascular. Se, por um lado, o entendimento dos mecanismos fisiopatol&#243;gicos pertence aos dom&#237;nios da biologia celular e molecular, por outro, ao se tentar mudar comportamentos, os m&#233;dicos precisam do aux&#237;lio profissional de psic&#243;logos. E justamente, preven&#231;&#227;o &#233; um dos pilares na erradica&#231;&#227;o de doen&#231;as cr&#244;nicas n&#227;o transmiss&#237;veis como a aterosclerose, diabetes e hipertens&#227;o, que s&#227;o as causas principais de mortalidade no mundo moderno. Requisitos fundamentais na estrat&#233;gia de preven&#231;&#227;o s&#227;o mudan&#231;a de estilo de vida, como deixar de fumar, fazer exerc&#237;cios e adotar dietas saud&#225;veis. &#201; onde as duas ci&#234;ncias se encontram.</p>
      <p>N&#227;o apenas isso, mas os m&#233;dicos falham frequentemente em reconhecer problemas emocionais, tanto associados a doen&#231;as org&#226;nicas, quanto prim&#225;rios. Ainda, muitos tratamentos psicol&#243;gicos s&#227;o mal empregados, sendo o n&#250;mero de casos tratados insuficiente, chegando a apenas aproximadamente 50%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>.</p>
      <p>Por outro lado, os custos associados &#224; depress&#227;o e &#224; dem&#234;ncia s&#227;o astron&#244;micos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B06">6</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref>. Assim, nos EUA, demonstrou-se que o custo da depress&#227;o atingiu U$53 bilh&#245;es em um ano, relacionados principalmente a absente&#237;smo e desempenho inadequado no trabalho. Quanto &#224; dem&#234;ncia, Hurd e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref>estimaram custos individuais entre U$42 mil e 56 mil/pessoa/ano, e entre U$ 157 bilh&#245;es e 250 bilh&#245;es/ano nos EUA. No Brasil, tais custos s&#227;o quase desconhecidos, mas provavelmente tamb&#233;m grandes.</p>
      <p>Diante desse cen&#225;rio, algumas atitudes se imp&#245;em, tais como:</p>
      <list list-type="alpha-lower">
        <list-item>
          <p>identificar fatores psicol&#243;gicos em doen&#231;as org&#226;nicas, bem como condi&#231;&#245;es prim&#225;rias;</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>adotar cuidados globais, de modo que a medicina seja orientada ao paciente e n&#227;o apenas &#224; doen&#231;a;</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>incorporar diferentes metodologias de tratamentos, tais como novos medicamentos e novas formas de tratamentos comportamentais;</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>aumentar o &#237;ndice de tratamento de altera&#231;&#245;es mentais.</p>
        </list-item>
      </list>
      <p>Quanto ao uso de &#8220;terapia psicol&#243;gica &#224; dist&#226;ncia&#8221; &#233; nossa impress&#227;o que a legisla&#231;&#227;o brasileira precisa mudar, adaptando-se aos novos tempos. Sem desconsiderar a cl&#225;ssica terapia presencial, a terapia &#224; dist&#226;ncia deve ser permitida e incentivada em situa&#231;&#245;es especiais que poder&#227;o ser explicitadas por legisla&#231;&#227;o apropriada. Hoje no Brasil, terapia &#224; dist&#226;ncia s&#243; &#233; autorizada na forma de pesquisa e tem provocado o debate em rela&#231;&#227;o a efici&#234;ncia e seguran&#231;a, privacidade, quest&#245;es &#233;ticas e legais, e outros aspectos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref>. Por exemplo, um processo terap&#234;utico poderia ser iniciado com poucas entrevistas iniciais, seguidas de tratamento &#224; dist&#226;ncia e entrevistas pessoais intervaladas. Isso beneficiaria pacientes que est&#227;o distantes de grandes centros, onde formas terap&#234;uticas mais modernas, como a Terapia Cognitiva Comportamental, n&#227;o est&#227;o dispon&#237;veis. Tais alternativas certamente contribuiriam para os processos preventivos t&#227;o calorosamente defendidos pela medicina moderna. Compete a psic&#243;logos e seus representantes formais buscar essa atualiza&#231;&#227;o inevit&#225;vel.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
