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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras.
					Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">4gHx5YGMgj7nvGLhdtLwmgK</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2015000500005</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00005</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="previous-pid">S0066-782X2015005040216</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20140216</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Clinical Coronary In-Stent Restenosis Follow-Up after Treatment and
					Analyses of Clinical Outcomes</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Marino</surname>
            <given-names>Barbara Campos Abreu</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff03">3</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nascimento</surname>
            <given-names>Guilherme Abreu</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rabelo</surname>
            <given-names>Walter</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff03">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Marino</surname>
            <given-names>Marcos Ant&#244;nio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Marino</surname>
            <given-names>Roberto Luiz</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff03">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ribeiro</surname>
            <given-names>Antonio Luiz Pinho</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff04">4</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff05">5</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Minas
					Gerais</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de
					do Adulto</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de
					do Adulto. Faculdade de Medicina &#8211; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG),
					Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil</institution>
        <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade Federal de Minas
					Gerais</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff02">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Madre Teresa</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Cardiologia
					Intervencionista</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cardiologia Intervencionista do
					Hospital Madre Teresa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff03">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Madre Teresa</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Cardiologia do Hospital Madre
					Teresa</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cardiologia do Hospital Madre
					Teresa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff04">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Minas
					Gerais</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica, Faculdade de
					Medicina &#8211; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas
					Gerais, Brasil</institution>
        <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade Federal de Minas
					Gerais</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff05">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Minas
					Gerais</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia e Cirurgia
					Cardiovascular</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia e Cirurgia
					Cardiovascular, Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas &#8211; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
					(UFMG). Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        <institution content-type="normalized">Universidade Federal de Minas
					Gerais</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"><bold>Mailing Address: Barbara Campos Abreu Marino,</bold> Maranh&#227;o 1007, 601,
					Funcion&#225;rios. Postal Code 30150331, Belo Horizonte, MG &#8211; Brazil. E-mail:
						<email>barbaracmarino@cardiol.br</email>;
						<email>barbaracmarino@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research:Marino BCA, Marino BCA, Ribeiro ALP.
						Acquisition of data: Marino BCA, Rabelo W. Analysis and interpretation of
						the data: Marino BCA, Marino BCA, Ribeiro ALP. Statistical analysis: Marino
						BCA, Ribeiro ALP. Writing of the manuscript: Marino BCA, Ribeiro ALP.
						Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Marino BCA,
						Ribeiro ALP. Angiographic Analysis: Nascimento GA, Marino MA.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>03</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2015</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2015</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>104</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>375</fpage>
      <lpage>386</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>01</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>22</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>04</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the
						Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License which permits
						unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any
						medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <sec>
          <title>Background:</title>
          <p>Clinical in-stent restenosis (CISR) is the main limitation of coronary
						angioplasty with stent implantation.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objective:</title>
          <p>Describe the clinical and angiographic characteristics of CISR and the
						outcomes over a minimum follow-up of 12 months after its diagnosis and
						treatment.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods:</title>
          <p>We analyzed in 110 consecutive patients with CISR the clinical presentation,
						angiographic characteristics, treatment and combined primary outcomes
						(cardiovascular death, nonfatal acute myocardial infarction [AMI]) and
						combined secondary (unstable angina with hospitalization, target vessel
						revascularization and target lesion revascularization) during a minimal
						follow-up of one year.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p>Mean age was 61 &#177; 11 years (68.2% males). Clinical presentations included
						acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in 62.7% and proliferative ISR in 34.5%. CISR
						was treated with implantation of drug-eluting stents (DES) in 36.4%, Bare
						Metal Stent (BMS) in 23.6%, myocardial revascularization surgery in 18.2%,
						balloon angioplasty in 15.5% and clinical treatment in 6.4%. During a median
						follow-up of 19.7 months, the primary outcome occurred in 18 patients,
						including 6 (5.5%) deaths and 13 (11.8%) AMI events. Twenty-four patients
						presented a secondary outcome. Predictors of the primary outcome were CISR
						with DES (HR = 4.36 [1.44&#8211;12.85]; p = 0.009) and clinical treatment for CISR
						(HR = 10.66 [2.53&#8211;44.87]; p = 0.001). Treatment of CISR with BMS (HR = 4.08
						[1.75&#8211;9.48]; p = 0.001) and clinical therapy (HR = 6.29 [1.35&#8211;29.38]; p =
						0.019) emerged as predictors of a secondary outcome.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusion:</title>
          <p>Patients with CISR present in most cases with ACS and with a high frequency
						of adverse events during a medium-term follow-up.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Myocardial Infarction</kwd>
        <kwd>Stents</kwd>
        <kwd>Graft Occlusion, Vascular</kwd>
        <kwd>Coronary Restenosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Myocardial Ischemia</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="8"/>
        <table-count count="8"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="41"/>
        <page-count count="12"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>Since the first angioplasty performed in 1977 by Andreas Gruentzig, and despite
				technical and pharmacological improvements, restenosis continues to be the main
				limitation of interventional cardiology<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>. The introduction of stents has eliminated
				the occurrence of elastic recoil and chronic negative remodeling, and reduced the
				rate of restenosis. However, since neointimal hyperplasia still persists, restenosis
				has not been completely eliminated<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>.</p>
      <p>Clinical in-stent restenosis (CISR) is defined as the presence of symptoms of
				myocardial ischemia and/or evidence of ischemia on functional tests after
				percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), associated with coronary angiographic
				evidence of stenosis &#8805; 50% either on the site of the previously treated vessel,
				inside the stent, or 5 millimeters proximally or distally to the previously treated
				vessel, requiring a new revascularization procedure of the target lesion<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref>. Rates of CISR are around 10%-15%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B06">6</xref>, whereas angiographic ISR occurs at rates
				up to 50%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref>
				<sup>-</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>.</p>
      <p>In this context, drug-eluting stents (DES) have been developed to delay or eliminate
				the vascular response to the injury caused by the metal. The use of DES has
				decreased the restenosis rate to around 6%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>
				<sup>-</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>, with maintained results on short- and
				long-term follow-up<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>.</p>
      <p>CISR may present as an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with increased morbidity and
					mortality<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>. However, there are limited data in the
				literature regarding clinical outcomes after treatment of CISR. The aim of this
				study is to report the clinical and angiographic characteristics of CISR and the
				outcomes of patients followed up for a minimum of twelve months after the diagnosis
				and treatment of CISR.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>Methods</title>
      <sec>
        <title>Design</title>
        <p>The cohort consisted of patients presenting with CISR and consecutively admitted
					to the Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology Service of <italic>Hospital
						Madre Teresa</italic> in Belo Horizonte from January 1, 2009 to April 30,
					2011. After the CISR event and its treatment, patients were followed up for at
					least twelve months.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Ethical aspects</title>
        <p>In addition, whe examined with the patient was supported by the public health
					care system (SUS- Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de) or a private health care plan.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Patients selection</title>
        <p>We included all patients aged &#8805; 18 years who presented to <italic>Hospital Madre
						Teresa</italic> after the first episode of CISR from January 1, 2009 to
					April 30, 2011, and who were treated at this institution. Exclusion criteria
					were restenosis in arterial or venous grafts and occurrence of a second CISR
					(re-restenosis).</p>
        <p>The initial selection included 119 patients who presented with CISR in the period
					mentioned above. Nine of these patients were excluded, four of them due to
					restenosis in a saphenous vein graft and five due to re-restenosis. The final
					cohort consisted of 110 patients. The outcomes were assessed in all patients and
					none were lost to follow-up.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Characterization of restenosis</title>
        <p>CISR was defined as the occurrence of symptoms of myocardial ischemia or evidence
					of myocardial ischemia on functional tests after PCI, along with evidence of
					either a new stenosis &#8805; 50% in the previously treated vessel, inside the stent
					or 5 mm proximally or distally to the lesion requiring a new revascularization
					of the target lesion<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref>.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Risk factors, comorbidities and medications</title>
        <p>Information about the clinical characteristics of the patients at baseline was
					retrieved from medical records.s We considered in their personal history the
					occurrence of prior AMI, prior coronary bypass surgery (CAGB), ejection fraction
					(LVEF) determined by echocardiogram, medication use on admission and risk
					factors for cardiovascular disease (age, gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia,
					diabetes mellitus [DM], smoking, family history of coronary heart disease [CHD]
					and chronic renal failure [CRF] not treated with dialysis). We assessed the use
					of the following medications: aspirin, thienopyridine derivatives (clopidogrel),
					beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitor),
					angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB), nitrates, calcium channel blockers and
					statins.</p>
        <p>Information about most risk factors was obtained from self-reported morbidity.
					Hypertension was considered present if reported by the patient or if the patient
					reported use of antihypertensive medication. Similarly, dyslipidemia was
					considered present if reported by the patient, if the patient reported use of
					lipid-lowering medication, or if evidenced on a laboratory test. A diagnosis of
					DM was established if the patient reported use of diabetes medications. If the
					use of such medications was reported, we identified whether it was an oral
					hypoglycemic drug or insulin. A positive smoking status was considered for those
					patients who smoked regularly until the collection of the data.</p>
        <p>Creatinine was measured at baseline and was considered elevated when &#8805; 1.5 mg/dL.
					Family history was considered positive for CHD when a first-degree male and/or
					female presented AMI when aged &#8804; 55 years and &#8804; 65 years, respectively. In
					addition, we examined whether the admission was covered by Brazil&#8217;s Unified
					Health System (<italic>Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de</italic> - SUS) or by
					supplementary health insurance.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Clinical presentation and management</title>
        <p>We evaluated the types of clinical presentation, the average time for occurrence
					of CISR, whether CISR occurred after implantation of Bare Metal Stent (BMS) or
					drug-eluting stent (DES), the type of treatment performed, angiographic
					characteristics of CISR and the outcomes that occurred within twelve months from
					the date of the clinical presentation.</p>
        <p>Clinical presentation was divided into six categories: asymptomatic with a
					positive test for ischemia, congestive heart failure (CHF), stable angina,
					unstable angina (UA), non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI)
					and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).</p>
        <p>The average time for the occurrence of CISR was assessed in months from the date
					of the stent implantation to the date of the clinical presentation.</p>
        <p>Treatment of CISR was divided into five types: PCI with BMS implantation, PCI
					with DES implantation, balloon PCI, CAGB and clinical treatment.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Follow-up and outcomes</title>
        <p>The primary outcome was the occurrence of a major cardiac event (MACE), defined
					as cardiovascular death and nonfatal AMI, including periprocedural events. The
					secondary outcome was a composite of documented UA requiring hospitalization,
					target vessel revascularization (TVR) and target lesion revascularization
					(TLR).</p>
        <p>Outcomes were initially assessed via telephone contact at least one year after
					the treatment for CISR. In the occurrence of an event, a face-to-face visit was
					then performed. All the events were confirmed with information retrieved from
					medical records, laboratory tests and electrocardiogram. In the case of death,
					the death certificate was checked. If more than one event had occurred during
					follow-up, the outcome that occurred first was considered.</p>
        <p>Deaths were classified as cardiac and non-cardiac<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>. Nonfatal AMI was defined as the presence of at least two of the
					following criteria: clinical presentation of chest pain, presence of a new
					pathological Q wave in two or more contiguous electrocardiographic leads, or
					increase in myocardial necrosis markers<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>. We considered UA as the occurrence of a documented Braunwald class
					IIIB UA, defined as an acute, unstable primary angina with one or more episodes
					in the previous 48 hours<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref> and requiring
					hospital admission. We defined as a TLR those reinterventions due to recurrence
					of the lesion within the stent implanted in the index procedure, or in the
					vascular segment extending 5 mm proximally or distally to the stent. A TVR was
					defined as a percutaneous or surgical reintervention for revascularization of
					the treated vessel.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Angiographic analysis</title>
        <p>Angiographic analysis was performed with a previously validated digital system
					(Philips XCelera PACS, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) and independently conducted
					by two experienced and blinded interventional cardiologists. In the event of a
					disagreement, the assessment was then conducted by a third interventional
					cardiologist, and the final analysis was then considered.</p>
        <p>The data analyzed from the angiographic reports included the location of the
					restenosis in the artery, Mehran&#8217;s classification of restenosis<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>, the Thrombolysis in Myocardial
					Infarction (TIMI) flow grade prior to the procedure<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>, the presence of lesions &#8805; 50% in the left coronary
					trunk (LCT) or &#8805; 70% in other vessels, and the semiquantitative
					ventriculography.</p>
        <p>Mehran&#8217;s classification<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> divides ISR into
					four classes, namely class I (&#8220;focal&#8221;; &lt; 10 mm in length), class II
					(&#8220;diffuse&#8221;; &gt; 10 mm in length, but confined to the stent), class III
					(&#8220;proliferative&#8221;; &gt; 10 mm and extending beyond the margins of the stent) and
					class IV (&#8220;occlusive&#8221;; presenting as a total occlusion).</p>
        <p>TIMI<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> flow was graded as TIMI 0 if there
					was no opacification beyond the occlusion point, TIMI 1 if there was no
					opacification of the terminal portion of the vessel (penetration without
					perfusion), TIMI 2 when there was complete opacification of the vessel, but with
					delayed flow compared with the adjacent vessels and TIMI 3 if there was complete
					opacification of the vessel with similar flow as the adjacent vessels.</p>
        <p>Semiquantitative ventriculography was classified as normal, or as having a mild,
					moderate, or severe dysfunction.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Statistical analysis</title>
        <p>Continuous variables are presented as mean &#177; standard deviation (SD) or median
					(interquartile range), whereas categorical variables are presented as frequency
					(%). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the
					distribution of continuous variables. Clinical and angiographic characteristics
					of patients with and without outcomes were compared with the chi-square test,
					Fisher's exact test, Student's <italic>t</italic> test, or Mann-Whitney test,
					according to the type and distribution of the variable. Two-tailed p values &lt;
					0.05 were considered statistically significant. A cumulative survival curve was
					constructed with the Kaplan-Meier method, and the events rates were compared
					using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analysis with the Cox
					proportional hazards model was used to determine the contribution of independent
					variables. Variables identified with p &lt; 0.10 in the univariate analysis were
					included in the final Cox proportional model. All analyses were performed with
					SPSS version 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="results">
      <title>Results</title>
      <p>The cohort consisted of 110 patients with CISR who were followed up for 19.5 &#177; 10.2
				months (median of 19.7 months, minimum of 12 months and maximum of 38&#160;months; <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Graph&#160;1</xref>). Clinical and angiographic
				characteristics of the general cohort and of the groups with and without a primary
				outcome are shown in <xref ref-type="table" rid="t01">Table 1</xref>. The only
				statistical difference between these groups occurred in the frequency of treatment
				with nitrates (p &lt; 0.001).</p>
      <fig id="f01" fig-type="graphic">
        <label>Graph 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Study design analyzing CISR patients after treatment. CISR: clinical
						in-stent restenosis; T: time</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-05-0375-40216-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
      <table-wrap id="t01">
        <label>Table 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Clinical and angiographic characteristics on presentation of patients
						with CISR with and without a primary outcome</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">&#160;</th>
              <th align="center">All patients (n = 110)</th>
              <th align="center">With outcome (n = 18)</th>
              <th align="center">Without outcome (n = 92)</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Age(years)</td>
              <td align="center">61 &#177; 11</td>
              <td align="center">61 &#177; 12</td>
              <td align="center">61 &#177; 10</td>
              <td align="center">0.93</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Male gender</td>
              <td align="center">75 (68.2)</td>
              <td align="center">9(50.0)</td>
              <td align="center">66 (71.7)</td>
              <td align="center">0.70</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">SUS</td>
              <td align="center">56 (50.9)</td>
              <td align="center">10 (55.6)</td>
              <td align="center">46 (50.0)</td>
              <td align="center">0.66</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">CISR in DES</td>
              <td align="center">12 (10.9)</td>
              <td align="center">5(27.8)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (7.6)</td>
              <td align="center">0.26</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">CISR time (months) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN01">*</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">13.5 (4.7 - 55)</td>
              <td align="center">11.0 (5 - 28)</td>
              <td align="center">20 (4 - 65)</td>
              <td align="center">0.79</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>Clinical presentation</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;CHF</td>
              <td align="center">5 (4.5)</td>
              <td align="center">2(11.1)</td>
              <td align="center">3(3.3)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Asymptomatic and positive
								test</td>
              <td align="center">5 (4.5)</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">5(5.4)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stable angina</td>
              <td align="center">31 (28.2)</td>
              <td align="center">5(27.8)</td>
              <td align="center">26 (28.3)</td>
              <td align="center">0.93</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Unstable angina</td>
              <td align="center">50 (45.5)</td>
              <td align="center">7(38.9)</td>
              <td align="center">43 (46.7)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;NSTEMI</td>
              <td align="center">14 (12.8)</td>
              <td align="center">4(22.2)</td>
              <td align="center">10 (10.9)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;STEMI</td>
              <td align="center">5 (4.5)</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">5(5.4)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Hypertension</td>
              <td align="center">98 (89.1)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (100)</td>
              <td align="center">80 (87)</td>
              <td align="center">0.21</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Dyslipidemia</td>
              <td align="center">100 (90.9)</td>
              <td align="center">17 (94.4)</td>
              <td align="center">83 (90.2)</td>
              <td align="center">0.77</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Smoking</td>
              <td align="center">15 (13.6)</td>
              <td align="center">2(11.1)</td>
              <td align="center">13 (14.1)</td>
              <td align="center">0.72</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Diabetes Mellitus (DM)</td>
              <td align="center">40 (36.4)</td>
              <td align="center">9 (50)</td>
              <td align="center">61 (33.7)</td>
              <td align="center">0.18</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">DM - insulin</td>
              <td align="center">17 (15.5)</td>
              <td align="center">5(27.8)</td>
              <td align="center">12 (13)</td>
              <td align="center">0.15</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Baseline creatinine (mg/dL)</td>
              <td align="center">1.0 (0.8 - 1.2)</td>
              <td align="center">1.0 (0.8 - 1.2)</td>
              <td align="center">1.1 (0.8 - 1.15)</td>
              <td align="center">0.84</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Creatinine &#8805;&#160;1.5 mg/dL</td>
              <td align="center">9 (8.2)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (16.7)</td>
              <td align="center">6 (6.5)</td>
              <td align="center">0.12</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Prior AMI</td>
              <td align="center">68 (61.8)</td>
              <td align="center">14 (77.8)</td>
              <td align="center">54 (58.7)</td>
              <td align="center">0.19</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Prior CAGB</td>
              <td align="center">18 (16.4)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (16.7)</td>
              <td align="center">15 (16.3)</td>
              <td align="center">0.97</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Positive FH</td>
              <td align="center">23 (20.9)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (27.8)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (19.6)</td>
              <td align="center">0.52</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">LVEF(%)</td>
              <td align="center">54 (40-63)</td>
              <td align="center">45 (38-63)</td>
              <td align="center">57 (40 - 63)</td>
              <td align="center">0.36</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>Restenosis treatment</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;CAGB</td>
              <td align="center">20 (18.2)</td>
              <td align="center">2(11.1)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (19.6)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;PCI DES</td>
              <td align="center">40 (36.4)</td>
              <td align="center">6 (33.3)</td>
              <td align="center">34 (37)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;PCI BMS</td>
              <td align="center">26 (23.2)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (22.2)</td>
              <td align="center">22 (23.9)</td>
              <td align="center">0.37</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Balloon PCI</td>
              <td align="center">17 (15.5)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (16.7)</td>
              <td align="center">14 (15.2)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Clinical therapy</td>
              <td align="center">7 (6.4)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (16.7)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (4.3)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>ISR arterial location</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Anterior descending</td>
              <td align="center">58 (52.7)</td>
              <td align="center">10 (55.6)</td>
              <td align="center">48 (52.2)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Circumflex</td>
              <td align="center">20 (18.2)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (22.2)</td>
              <td align="center">16 (17.4)</td>
              <td align="center">0.76</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Right coronary</td>
              <td align="center">30 (27.3)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (22.2)</td>
              <td align="center">26 (28.3)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Left coronary trunk</td>
              <td align="center">2 (1.8)</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">2(2.2)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>TIMI flow before the procedure</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 0 or 1</td>
              <td align="center">12 (10.9)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (11.1)</td>
              <td align="center">10 (10.9)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 2</td>
              <td align="center">13 (11.8)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (22.2)</td>
              <td align="center">9(9.8)</td>
              <td align="center">0.37</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 3</td>
              <td align="center">85 (77.3)</td>
              <td align="center">12 (66.7)</td>
              <td align="center">73 (79.3)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>Type of ISR <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN02">&#8224;</xref>
								</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Focal</td>
              <td align="center">25 (22.7)</td>
              <td align="center">4(22.2)</td>
              <td align="center">21 (22.8)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Diffuse</td>
              <td align="center">36 (32.7)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (27.8)</td>
              <td align="center">31 (33.7)</td>
              <td align="center">0.95</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Proliferative</td>
              <td align="center">38 (34.5)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (38.9)</td>
              <td align="center">31 (33.7)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Occlusive</td>
              <td align="center">11 (10.0)</td>
              <td align="center">2(11.1)</td>
              <td align="center">9(9.8)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>Semiquantitative LVEF</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Normal LV</td>
              <td align="center">12 (10.9)</td>
              <td align="center">1 (5.6)</td>
              <td align="center">11 (12.0)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Mild LV dysfunction</td>
              <td align="center">20 (18.2)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (27.8)</td>
              <td align="center">15 (16.5)</td>
              <td align="center">0.64</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Moderate LV dysfunction</td>
              <td align="center">34 (30.9)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (22.2)</td>
              <td align="center">30 (32.6)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Severe LV dysfunction</td>
              <td align="center">36 (32.7)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (38.9)</td>
              <td align="center">29 (31.5)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">Other vessels &#8805;&#160;70<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN03">&#8225;</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">46 (41.8)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (44.4)</td>
              <td align="center">38 (41.3)</td>
              <td align="center">0.80</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>Medication after ISR Tx</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Aspirin</td>
              <td align="center">109 (99.1)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (100)</td>
              <td align="center">91 (98.9)</td>
              <td align="center">0.65</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Clopidogrel</td>
              <td align="center">98 (82.7)</td>
              <td align="center">17 (94.4)</td>
              <td align="center">74 (80.4)</td>
              <td align="center">0.19</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Beta-blocker</td>
              <td align="center">91 (82.7)</td>
              <td align="center">14 (77.8)</td>
              <td align="center">77 (83.7)</td>
              <td align="center">0.51</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ACEi</td>
              <td align="center">43 (39.1)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (38.9)</td>
              <td align="center">36 (39.1)</td>
              <td align="center">0.98</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ARB</td>
              <td align="center">28 (25.5)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (16.7)</td>
              <td align="center">25 (27.2)</td>
              <td align="center">0.55</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Calcium channel blocker</td>
              <td align="center">7 (6.4)</td>
              <td align="center">1 (5.6)</td>
              <td align="center">6 (6.5)</td>
              <td align="center">0.89</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Nitrate</td>
              <td align="center">17 (15.5)</td>
              <td align="center">9 (50)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (8.7)</td>
              <td align="center">0.00</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Statin</td>
              <td align="center">109 (99.1)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (100)</td>
              <td align="center">91 (98.9)</td>
              <td align="center">0.65</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn>
            <p>Quantitative variables are presented as mean &#177; standard deviation and
							median (interquartile range), whereas qualitative variables are
							presented as absolute number (%).</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN01">
            <label>*</label>
            <p>Time between the stent implantation and CISR presentation.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN02">
            <label>&#8224;</label>
            <p>Restenosis classification according to Mehran.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN03">
            <label>&#8225;</label>
            <p>Other vessels with &#8805; 70% lesion in addition to the artery with
							restenosis. CISR: clinical in-stent restenosis; CHF: cardiac heart
							failure; SUS: Unified Health System; DM: diabetes mellitus; ISR:
							in-stent restenosis; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; CAGB: coronary
							bypass surgery; FH: family history; LVEF: ejection fraction; PCI:
							percutaneous coronary intervention; DES: drug-eluting stent; BMS: bare
							metal stent; STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI:
							non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; TIMI: Thrombolysis In
							Myocardial Infarction flow; LV: left ventricle; Tx: treatment; ACEi:
							angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin II receptor
							blocker.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>There were 75 (68.2%) male patients, with an average age of 61 &#177; 11 years (range 37
				to 87 years). As for the types of treatment performed, there was a predominance of
				DES implantation (40 patients, 36.4%), followed by BMS implantation in 26 (23.6%),
				CAGB in 20 (18.2%), balloon PCI in 17 (15.5%) and clinical treatment in seven (6.4%;
					<xref ref-type="table" rid="t02">Table&#160;2</xref>). CAGB was uneventful in 17
				cases, but two patients had postoperative AMI and one had a stroke. There were no
				deaths related to CISR therapy during hospitalization.</p>
      <table-wrap id="t02">
        <label>Table 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Outcomes of patients with CISR after a minimum follow-up of 12
						months</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">Outcomes</th>
              <th align="center">N (%)</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Primary outcome<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN04">*</xref> (MACE)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (16.4)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Nonfatal AMI</td>
              <td align="center">13 (11.8)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Q AMI</td>
              <td align="center">4</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Non-Q AMI</td>
              <td align="center">9</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Cardiovascular death</td>
              <td align="center">6(5.5)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Secondary outcome<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN05">&#8224;</xref>
								</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">24 (21.8)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TVR</td>
              <td align="center">11 (10)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TLR</td>
              <td align="center">3 (2.7)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TVR -TLR</td>
              <td align="center">11 (10)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Unstable angina with
								readmission</td>
              <td align="center">13 (11.8)</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN04">
            <label>*</label>
            <p>The total number of individual primary outcomes was 19: 18 patients had a
							single event and one patient had two events.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN05">
            <label>&#8224;</label>
            <p>The total number of individual secondary outcomes was 27: three patients
							had two events, TVR and TLR. Qualitative variables are presented as
							number (%). CISR: clinical in-stent restenosis; MACE: major cardiac
							events; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; Q AMI: Q acute myocardial
							infarction; Non-Q AMI: non-Q acute myocardial infarction; TLR: target
							lesion revascularization; TVR: target vessel revascularization; TVR +
							TLR: target vessel revascularization + target lesion
							revascularization.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>Fifty-four (49.1%) patients were covered by supplementary health insurance, whereas
				56 (50.9%) were covered by SUS. An analysis of the type of treatment according to
				the health coverage (SUS <italic>vs.</italic> supplementary health) showed that
				treatment with BMS predominated in patients covered by SUS (21.8%
					<italic>vs</italic>. 1.8%), whereas supplementary health insurance predominated
				in patients treated with DES (34.5% <italic>vs</italic>. 1.8%).</p>
      <p>The median time between the stent implantation and the occurrence of CISR was 13.5
				months (4.7 to 55 months). As for the angiographic classification, proliferative ISR
				(type&#160;III) occurred in 38 (34.5%) patients, followed by diffuse ISR (type II) in 36
				(32.7%) of the cases.</p>
      <p>An ACS was the main clinical presentation, occurring in 69 patients (62.7%), with 50
				(45.5%) of the patients presenting with UA, followed by 14 (12.8%) cases of NSTEMI
				and 5 (4.5%) cases of STEMI. In the remaining cases, there were 31 (28.2%) cases of
				stable angina, 5 (4.5%) cases of CHF and 5 (4.5%) asymptomatic patients. As for the
				clinical presentation according to the health coverage plan (SUS
					<italic>vs.</italic> supplementary health), ACS occurred in 35.5% of the
				patients covered by SUS and in 27.3% of the patients covered by supplementary health
				insurance (p = 0.643).</p>
      <p>The outcomes were assessed in all patients and none of the patients were lost to
				follow-up. Eighteen (16.4%) patients had a MACE, 13 (11.8%) of which consisted of
				nonfatal AMI, and 6 (5.5%) of cardiovascular death. One patient presented two
				primary events, and the event that occurred first was the one considered in the
				analysis. The secondary outcome occurred in 24 (21.8%) cases, 13&#160;(11.8%) of which
				consisted of UA requiring readmission, and 11 (10%) of TVR and TLR (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t02">Table 2</xref>).</p>
      <p>During follow-up there were 6 (5.5%) deaths and 13 (11.8%) nonfatal AMI events. All
				deaths were cardiovascular-related; none of the deaths were related to the
				procedures of surgical or percutaneous intervention and two infarcts occurred after
				CAGB and one after PCI.</p>
      <p>Overall, 98 patients (89.1%) had a BMS implantation and 12 (10.9%) had a DES
				implantation. Among patients with a primary outcome, 13 (72.2%) had an ISR in an
				implanted BMS and 5 (27.8%) had an ISR in an implanted DES. In the group presenting
				a secondary outcome, there were 20 (83.3%) ISR in an implanted BMS, and 4 (16.7%)
				ISR in an implanted DES.</p>
      <p>Initial clinical and angiographic characteristics of the group of patients with and
				without secondary outcomes are shown in <xref ref-type="table" rid="t03">Table
					3</xref>.</p>
      <table-wrap id="t03">
        <label>Table 3</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Clinical and angiographic characteristics on presentation of patients
						with CISR with and without a secondary outcome</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">&#160;</th>
              <th align="center">All patients (n = 110)</th>
              <th align="center">With outcome (n = 24)</th>
              <th align="center">Without outcome (n = 86)</th>
              <th align="center">P</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Age (years)</td>
              <td align="center">61 &#177; 11</td>
              <td align="center">61 &#177; 12</td>
              <td align="center">61 &#177; 10</td>
              <td align="center">0.93</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Male gender</td>
              <td align="center">75 (68.2)</td>
              <td align="center">16 (66.7)</td>
              <td align="center">59 (68.6)</td>
              <td align="center">0.85</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">SUS</td>
              <td align="center">56 (50.9)</td>
              <td align="center">16 (66.7)</td>
              <td align="center">40 (46.5)</td>
              <td align="center">0.08</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">CISR in DES</td>
              <td align="center">12 (10.9)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (16.7)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (9.3)</td>
              <td align="center">0.24</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">CISR time (months) <xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN06">*</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">13.5 (4.7 - 55)</td>
              <td align="center">11 (5.0 - 28)</td>
              <td align="center">20 (4.0 - 65)</td>
              <td align="center">0.79</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>Clinical presentation</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;CHF</td>
              <td align="center">5 (4.5)</td>
              <td align="center">1 (4.2)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (4.7)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Asymptomatic and positive
								test</td>
              <td align="center">5 (4.5)</td>
              <td align="center">1 (4.2)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (4.7)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Stable angina</td>
              <td align="center">31 (28.2)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (20.8)</td>
              <td align="center">26 (30.2)</td>
              <td align="center">0.87</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Unstable angina</td>
              <td align="center">50 (45.5)</td>
              <td align="center">11 (45.8)</td>
              <td align="center">39 (45.3)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;NSTEM</td>
              <td align="center">14 (12.8)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (16.7)</td>
              <td align="center">10 (11.6)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;STEMI</td>
              <td align="center">5 (4.5)</td>
              <td align="center">2 (8.3)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (3.5)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Hypertension</td>
              <td align="center">98 (89.1)</td>
              <td align="center">23 (95.8)</td>
              <td align="center">75 (87.2)</td>
              <td align="center">0.21</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Dyslipidemia</td>
              <td align="center">100 (90.9)</td>
              <td align="center">24 (100)</td>
              <td align="center">76 (88.4)</td>
              <td align="center">0.31</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Smoking</td>
              <td align="center">15 (13.6)</td>
              <td align="center">2 (11.1)</td>
              <td align="center">13 (14.1)</td>
              <td align="center">0.72</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Diabetes Mellitus (DM)</td>
              <td align="center">40 (36.4)</td>
              <td align="center">9 (50.0)</td>
              <td align="center">61 (33.7)</td>
              <td align="center">0.18</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">DM - insulin</td>
              <td align="center">17 (15.5)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (27.8)</td>
              <td align="center">12 (13.0)</td>
              <td align="center">0.15</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Baseline creatinine (mg/dL)</td>
              <td align="center">1.0 (0.8 - 1.2)</td>
              <td align="center">1.0 (0.8 - 1.2)</td>
              <td align="center">1.0 (0.8 - 1.1)</td>
              <td align="center">0.84</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Creatinine &#8805;&#160;1.5 mg/dL</td>
              <td align="center">9 (8.2)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (16.7)</td>
              <td align="center">6 (6.5)</td>
              <td align="center">0.12</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Prior AMI</td>
              <td align="center">68 (61.8)</td>
              <td align="center">15 (62.5)</td>
              <td align="center">53 (61.6)</td>
              <td align="center">0.93</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Previous CAGB</td>
              <td align="center">18 (16.4)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (20.8)</td>
              <td align="center">13 (15.1)</td>
              <td align="center">0.53</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Positive FH</td>
              <td align="center">23 (20.9)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (29.2)</td>
              <td align="center">16 (18.6)</td>
              <td align="center">0.26</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">LVEF (%)</td>
              <td align="center">54 (40 - 63)</td>
              <td align="center">45 (38 - 63)</td>
              <td align="center">57 (40 - 63)</td>
              <td align="center">0.36</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>Restenosis treatment</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;CAGB</td>
              <td align="center">20 (18.2)</td>
              <td align="center">2 (8.3)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (20.9)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;PCI DES</td>
              <td align="center">40 (36.4)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (20.8)</td>
              <td align="center">35 (40.7)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;PCI BMS</td>
              <td align="center">26 (23.2)</td>
              <td align="center">12 (50.0)</td>
              <td align="center">14 (16.3)</td>
              <td align="center">0.01</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Balloon PCI</td>
              <td align="center">17 (15.5)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (12.5)</td>
              <td align="center">14 (16.3)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Clinical treatment</td>
              <td align="center">7 (6.4)</td>
              <td align="center">2 (8.3)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (5.8)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>ISR arterial location</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Anterior descending</td>
              <td align="center">58 (52.7)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (29.2)</td>
              <td align="center">51 (59.3)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Circumflex</td>
              <td align="center">20 (18.2)</td>
              <td align="center">6 (25)</td>
              <td align="center">14 (16.3)</td>
              <td align="center">0.03</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Right coronary</td>
              <td align="center">30 (27.3)</td>
              <td align="center">11 (45.8)</td>
              <td align="center">19 (22.1)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Left coronary trunk</td>
              <td align="center">2(1.8)</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">2 (2.3)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>TIMI flow before the procedure</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 0 or 1</td>
              <td align="center">12 (10.9)</td>
              <td align="center">1 (4.2)</td>
              <td align="center">11 (12.8)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 2</td>
              <td align="center">13 (11.8)</td>
              <td align="center">2 (8.3)</td>
              <td align="center">11 (12.8)</td>
              <td align="center">0.36</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 3</td>
              <td align="center">85 (77.3)</td>
              <td align="center">21 (87.5)</td>
              <td align="center">64 (74.4)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>Type of ISR<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN07">&#8224;</xref>
								</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Focal</td>
              <td align="center">25 (22.7)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (16.7)</td>
              <td align="center">21 (24.4)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Diffuse</td>
              <td align="center">36 (32.7)</td>
              <td align="center">12 (50.0)</td>
              <td align="center">24 (27.9)</td>
              <td align="center">0.20</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Proliferative</td>
              <td align="center">38 (34.5)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (29.2)</td>
              <td align="center">31 (36.0)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Occlusive</td>
              <td align="center">11 (10.0)</td>
              <td align="center">1 (4.2)</td>
              <td align="center">10 (11.6)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="5">
                <bold>Semiquantitative LVEF</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Normal LV</td>
              <td align="center">12 (10.9)</td>
              <td align="center">3 (12.5)</td>
              <td align="center">9 (10.5)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Mild LV dysfunction</td>
              <td align="center">20 (18.2)</td>
              <td align="center">6(25.0)</td>
              <td align="center">14 (16.3)</td>
              <td align="center">0.55</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Moderate LV dysfunction</td>
              <td align="center">34 (30.9)</td>
              <td align="center">9(37.5)</td>
              <td align="center">25 (29.1)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Severe LV dysfunction</td>
              <td align="center">36 (32.7)</td>
              <td align="center">5(20.8)</td>
              <td align="center">31 (36.0)</td>
              <td align="center">&#160;</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn>
            <p>Quantitative variables are presented as mean &#177; standard deviation and
							median (interquartile range), whereas qualitative variables are
							presented as absolute number (%).</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN06">
            <label>*</label>
            <p>Time between the stent implantation and CISR presentation.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN07">
            <label>&#8224;</label>
            <p>Restenosis classification according to Mehran. CISR: clinical in-stent
							restenosis; CHF: cardiac heart failure; SUS: Unified Health System; DM:
							diabetes mellitus; ISR: in-stent restenosis; AMI: acute myocardial
							infarction; CAGB: coronary bypass surgery; FH: family history; LVEF:
							ejection fraction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; DES:
							drug-eluting stent; BMS: bare metal stent; STEMI-ST: segment elevation
							myocardial infarction; NSTEMI: non-ST-segment elevation myocardial
							infarction; TIMI: Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow; LV: left
							ventricle.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>On univariate analysis, the selected variables were CISR with DES (HR = 4.36; 95%
				confidence interval [CI] 1.53-12.41; p&#160;=&#160;0.006), clinical treatment of CISR
				(HR&#160;=&#160;6.71; 95%&#160;CI&#160;1.90-23.7; p&#160;=&#160;0.003), DM using insulin (HR&#160;=&#160;2.71; 95% CI
				0.96&#8211;7.63; p&#160;=&#160;0.058) and male gender (HR&#160;=&#160; 0.38; 95% CI 0.15-0.97; p&#160;=&#160;0.043). On
				multivariate analysis, CISR with DES (HR&#160;=&#160;4.36; 95% CI 1.44&#8211;12.85; p&#160;=&#160;0.009) and
				clinical treatment of CISR (HR = 10.66; 95%&#160;CI&#160;2.53&#8211;44.87; p = 0.001) remained as
				independent risk factors for death or nonfatal AMI (MACE; <xref ref-type="table" rid="t04">Table&#160;4</xref>; <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Graphs 2</xref> and
					<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f03">3</xref>).</p>
      <table-wrap id="t04">
        <label>Table 4</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Univariate and multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazard model
						of the risk of occurrence of a primary outcome (MACE) and a secondary
						outcome in patients with CISR</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">&#160;</th>
              <th align="center">HR</th>
              <th align="center">Univariate 95% CI</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
              <th align="center">HR</th>
              <th align="center">Multivariate 95% CI</th>
              <th align="center">
                <sup>p</sup>
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="7">
                <bold>Primary outcome</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Male gender</td>
              <td align="center">0.38</td>
              <td align="center">0.15 - 0.97</td>
              <td align="center">0.043</td>
              <td align="center">0.38</td>
              <td align="center">0.13 - 1.05</td>
              <td align="center">0.62</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;DM - insulin</td>
              <td align="center">2.71</td>
              <td align="center">0.96 - 7.63</td>
              <td align="center">0.058</td>
              <td align="center">1.18</td>
              <td align="center">0.38 - 3.61</td>
              <td align="center">0.768</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;CISR in DES</td>
              <td align="center">4.36</td>
              <td align="center">1.53 - 12.41</td>
              <td align="center">0.006</td>
              <td align="center">4.36</td>
              <td align="center">1.44 - 12.85</td>
              <td align="center">0.009</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Clinical treatment of CISR<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN08">*</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">6.71</td>
              <td align="center">1.90 - 23.7</td>
              <td align="center">0.003</td>
              <td align="center">10.66</td>
              <td align="center">2.53 - 44.87</td>
              <td align="center">0.001</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
              <td colspan="7">
                <bold>Secondary outcome</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Clinical treatment of CISR<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN08">*</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">6.46</td>
              <td align="center">1.22 - 34.00</td>
              <td align="center">0.028</td>
              <td align="center">6.29</td>
              <td align="center">1.35 - 29.38</td>
              <td align="center">0.019</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Treatment of CISR with BMS<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN08">*</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">4.18</td>
              <td align="center">1.46 - 11.89</td>
              <td align="center">0.007</td>
              <td align="center">4.08</td>
              <td align="center">1.75 - 9.48</td>
              <td align="center">0.001</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn>
            <p>CISR: clinical in-stent restenosis; DM: diabetes mellitus; DES:
							drug-eluting stent; BMS: bare metal stent.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN08">
            <label>*</label>
            <p>Adjusted by other types of treatment.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <fig id="f02" fig-type="graphic">
        <label>Graph 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Kaplan-Meier curve of cardiovascular mortality and nonfatal heart attack
						according to CISR treatment (n = 110). Tx performed: treatment performed;
						CAGB: coronary bypass surgery; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention;
						CISR: clinical in-stent restenosis.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-05-0375-40216-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
      <fig id="f03" fig-type="graphic">
        <label>Graph 3</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Kaplan-Meier curve of cardiovascular mortality and non-fatal heart attack
						according to CISR with drug-eluting stent (n = 110). CISR: clinical in-stent
						restenosis.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-05-0375-40216-gf03.jpg"/></fig>
      <p>As for the secondary outcome, univariate analysis identified clinical treatment of
				CISR (HR = 6.46; 95%&#160;CI&#160;1.22&#8211;34.00; p = 0.028) and treatment of CISR with a BMS (HR
				= 4.18; 95% CI 1.46&#8211;11.89; p = 0.007). These factors remained as independent
				predictors in the multivariate analysis of the risk of the combined outcome of UA
				with readmission, TVR and TLR, clinical treatment of CISR (HR = 6.29; 95% CI
				1.35&#8211;29.38; p = 0.019) and treatment of CISR with implantation of a BMS (HR = 4.08;
				95% CI 1.75&#8211;9.48; p&#160;=&#160;0.001; <xref ref-type="table" rid="t04">Table 4</xref>; <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f04">Graph 4</xref>).</p>
      <fig id="f04" fig-type="graphic">
        <label>Graph 4</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Kaplan-Meier curve for TVR, TLR and UA according to the treatment of CISR
						(n = 110). TVR: target lesion revascularization; TLR: target vessel
						revascularization; UA: unstable angina; CISR: clinical in-stent restenosis;
						Performed Tx: performed treatment; CAGB: coronary bypass surgery; Balloon
						PCI: balloon percutaneous coronary intervention.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-05-0375-40216-gf04.jpg"/></fig>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discussion</title>
      <p>This study demonstrated in the context of a routine clinical practice that there is a
				long-term increased risk of death or nonfatal AMI in patients with CISR in whom
				restenosis occurred in DES, and in those who received clinical treatment. It also
				showed an increased risk of UA with hospital readmission or with revascularization
				in patients treated with a new BMS implantation and in those who remained in
				clinical treatment.</p>
      <p>The main clinical presentation in our study was ACS, both in the general cohort
				(62.7%) as well as in the groups of patients with primary (61.1%) and secondary
				(70.8%) outcomes. In both these groups, there was a predominance of UA, followed by
				NSTEMI and STEMI. Previous studies have demonstrated that CISR is not a benign
				event, presenting in most cases as an AMI or UA, both with BMS and DES<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>. Although CISR presentation with ACS has
				been associated in previous studies with increased incidence of adverse
				cardiovascular events, angiographic restenosis and new revascularization
					procedures<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>
				<sup>-</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref>, such associations were not observed in
				our study, perhaps due to the small size of our cohort.</p>
      <p>There was a predominance in the evaluated sample of the angiographic ISR pattern
				class III (proliferative; 34.5%), followed by class II (diffuse; 32.7%). Recurrence
				rates of restenosis are associated with the angiographic pattern, with higher rates
				of new revascularization found in diffuse lesions - type II (around 34.5%) and
				proliferative lesions - type III (around 50%). Even though the angiographic pattern
				of ISR based on Mehran&#8217;s classification<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> has
				been associated with prognostic and therapeutic implications, we did not find a
				relationship between the angiographic pattern and the occurrence of primary or
				secondary outcomes.</p>
      <p>One of the most significant findings of this study is the observation of an increased
				risk of death (HR = 4.36) or new nonfatal AMI (HR = 4.36) in patients presenting
				CISR with DES when compared with BMS, even after multivariate analysis. This finding
				is relevant, since the main advantage of DES is to reduce ISR and new
				revascularization rates. This has expanded in recent years the recommendations for
				PCI with approach of more complex lesions and in patients with comorbidities<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>. It has already been recognized in
				previous studies that ISR with DES is associated with greater severity, higher rates
				of MACE and new interventions due to its difficult approach<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">27</xref>. The treatment of ISR with DES has not
				been defined yet and there are several options available, such as balloon PCI, BMS
				implantation, DES with a similar drug or a different drug, drug-eluting balloon and
					CAGB<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref>
				<sup>-</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">32</xref>. Thus, although less frequent, ISR with
				DES is associated with worse outcomes compared with ISR with BMS<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref>
				<sup>-</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35">35</xref>. Since we did not evaluate the criteria
				for initial indication of DES implantation, it may have been due to an increased
				severity of the lesions which may have interfered with our&#160;result.</p>
      <p>With DES, there is a delay in endothelialization and persistence of the inflammatory
				process caused by the antiproliferative drug which causes ISR to occur later, around
				twelve months after implantation<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>. New
				clinical and histological studies with DES have shown evidence of a continuous and
				late neointimal growth secondary to a process of neointimal hyperplasia associated
				with atherosclerotic changes at the stent site called neoatherosclerosis<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36">36</xref>. In this context, bioabsorbable stents seem
				to be an attractive therapeutic strategy, since they prevent the growth of
				neointimal tissue, without adding more metal structures to the vessel wall<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37">37</xref>.</p>
      <p>Clinical treatment after the diagnosis of CISR, when compared with other forms of
				treatment, was associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes: a risk greater
				than ten times (HR = 10.62) of death or new AMI compared with other forms of
				treatment, and six times higher (HR = 6.28) of UA with hospital readmission or new
				revascularization (TVR and TLR). All seven (6.4%) patients who remained in clinical
				treatment after the diagnosis of ISR did not undergo a new revascularization
				procedure due to technical limitation. Our results corroborate the findings of
				Gottschall et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38">38</xref>, who described that
				patients with CISR not treated with a new revascularization procedure and who
				remained in long-term clinical treatment showed higher rates of MACE (death, AMI and
				CAGB), compared with patients who underwent a new revascularization procedure.</p>
      <p>Regarding the treatment of CISR and secondary events, we had a worse result in
				patients treated clinically or with BMS compared with those treated with DES
				implantation, balloon, or surgical treatment. Treatment of CISR with BMS was
				associated with a four-fold increased risk (HR = 4.08) of UA with hospital
				readmission or new revascularization (TVR and TLR) compared with other treatments.
				These results are in agreement with the state of the art in interventional
				cardiology, since the main advantage of DES is exactly the prevention of new
				interventions.</p>
      <p>The profile of the patients who received clinical treatment did not differ much from
				that of patients in the general group. Patients treated clinically had an average
				age of 58.86 (&#177; 5.6) years and were mostly males (85.7%). All patients in this group
				had hypertension and dyslipidemia, 28.6% were smokers, 42.9% had insulin-dependent
				DM and 14.3% had a prior CAGB. Presentation in these patients was as an ACS in
				71.4%, UA in 57.1% and NSTEMI in 14.3%. None of the patients in this group presented
				with STEMI. When we analyzed the occurrence of previous AMI, we observed that it had
				occurred in 71.4% of the patients in this group, which was different from the rate
				in the general group, and that 71.4% of the patients who received clinical treatment
				were covered by SUS, but this comparison did not reach statistical significance.</p>
      <p>Our choice of Braunwald class IIIB UA requiring admission for a secondary outcome was
				due to its greater severity, with a higher rate of long-term adverse cardiac
					events<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B39">39</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40">40</xref>, and the possibility of documentation of
				the events during the patient&#8217;s admission.</p>
      <p>A unique aspect of our study was the finding that the type of stent (DES or BMS) used
				for the treatment of CISR differed according to the health coverage of the patient
				(SUS <italic>vs</italic>. supplementary health). Most patients with ISR treated with
				BMS were covered by SUS (21.8% <italic>vs</italic>. 1.8%), whereas most of the ones
				treated with DES were covered by supplementary health insurance (34.5%
					<italic>vs</italic>. 1.8%). Treatment with DES of two patients covered by SUS
				was determined by court order. This difference is a reflection of the fact that DES
				are not available for patients covered by SUS, a population that accounts for 80% of
				the PCIs performed in Brazil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B41">41</xref>, despite
				established evidence in the literature that the implantation of new BMS is not the
				best option for treatment of CISR<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref>
				<sup>-</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30">30</xref>. Our study provides more evidence to the
				knowledge of complications that follow stent implantation in our population and can
				assist in the decisions of health providers regarding the treatment of coronary
				heart disease.</p>
      <p>This study is limited by its observational nature and by the fact that it was
				conducted in a single center with a small number of patients and events, which
				explains the wide confidence intervals. Another limitation was the absence of
				intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) evaluation in the angiographic analysis of ISR.
				However, as noted earlier, our results still contribute with knowledge to this area
				since there is limited information of the clinical course after CISR.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusion</title>
      <p>In conclusion, we observed in our cohort that ACS is the main presentation of CISR.
				Long-term predictors of MACE were clinical treatment of CISR and CISR after DES.
				Treatment of CISR with implantation of BMS and clinical treatment of CISR were
				predictors of UA requiring hospitalization and new revascularization. CISR is a
				major challenge in medical practice, requiring new studies to identify risk
				predictors and better therapeutic approaches.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This article is part of the dissertation of master submitted by B&#225;rbara Campos
					Abreu Marino, from Programa de P&#243;sgradua&#231;&#227;o da Sa&#250;de do Adulto of Faculdade de
					Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff06">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Minas
					Gerais</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de
					do Adulto</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de
					do Adulto. Faculdade de Medicina &#8211; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG),
					Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff07">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Madre Teresa</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Cardiologia
					Intervencionista</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cardiologia Intervencionista do
					Hospital Madre Teresa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff08">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Madre Teresa</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Cardiologia do Hospital Madre
					Teresa</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cardiologia do Hospital Madre
					Teresa, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff09">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Minas
					Gerais</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica, Faculdade de
					Medicina &#8211; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas
					Gerais, Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff10">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Minas
					Gerais</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia e Cirurgia
					Cardiovascular</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Minas Gerais</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia e Cirurgia
					Cardiovascular, Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas &#8211; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
					(UFMG). Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c02"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Barbara Campos Abreu Marino,</bold> Maranh&#227;o 1007, 601,
					Funcion&#225;rios. CEP 30150331, Belo Horizonte, MG &#8211; Brasil. E-mail:
						<email>barbaracmarino@cardiol.br</email>;
						<email>barbaracmarino@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Marino BCA, Marino RL, Ribeiro ALP. Obten&#231;&#227;o
						de dados: Marino BCA, Rabelo W. An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Marino
						BCA, Marino RL, Ribeiro ALP. An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica: Marino BCA, Ribeiro ALP.
						Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Marino BCA, Ribeiro ALP. Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do
						manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Marino BCA, Ribeiro
						ALP. An&#225;lise Angiogr&#225;ficas: Nascimento GA, Marino MA.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesse</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <sec>
          <title>Fundamento:</title>
          <p>A Reestenose Intrastent Cl&#237;nica (RISC) &#233; a principal limita&#231;&#227;o da
						angioplastia coronariana com implante de <italic>stent</italic>.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p>Descrever as caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas e angiogr&#225;ficas da RISC e os desfechos
						em seguimento de pelo menos doze meses ap&#243;s seu diagn&#243;stico e
						tratamento.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>Em 110 pacientes consecutivos com RISC, analisaram-se a apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica,
						as caracter&#237;sticas angiogr&#225;ficas, o tratamento e os desfechos prim&#225;rio
						combinado (morte cardiovascular, Infarto Agudo Mioc&#225;rdio n&#227;o fatal [IAM]) e
						secund&#225;rio combinado (angina inst&#225;vel com interna&#231;&#227;o, revasculariza&#231;&#227;o de
						vaso alvo e les&#227;o alvo) em seguimento m&#237;nimo de um ano.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>A m&#233;dia de idade da amostra foi de 61 &#177; 11 anos (68,2% do sexo masculino). A
						apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica foi como S&#237;ndrome Coronariana Aguda (SCA) em 62,7%, com
						RIS proliferativa em 34,5% dos casos. O tratamento realizado foi o implante
						de <italic>Stent</italic> Farmacol&#243;gico (SF) em 36,4%; de
							<italic>Stent</italic> N&#227;o Farmacol&#243;gico (SNF) em 23,6%; cirurgia de
						revasculariza&#231;&#227;o em 18,2%; angioplastia por bal&#227;o em 15,5%; e tratamento
						cl&#237;nico em 6,4%. Com seguimento mediano de 19,7 meses, o desfecho prim&#225;rio
						ocorreu em 18 pacientes, com seis (5,5%) &#243;bitos e 13 (11,8%) IAM, e o
						secund&#225;rio em 24 pacientes. Foram preditores de desfecho prim&#225;rio a RISC em
						SF (HR = 4,36; [1,44 - 12,85], p = 0,009) e o tratamento cl&#237;nico da RISC (HR
						= 10,66, [2,53 - 44,87], p = 0,001). O tratamento da RISC com SNF (HR = 4,08
						[1,75 - 9,48], p = 0,001) e tratamento cl&#237;nico (HR = 6,29 [1,35 - 29,38], p
						= 0,019) foram preditores do desfecho secund&#225;rio.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclus&#227;o:</title>
          <p>A RISC se apresenta como SCA na maioria dos casos e os pacientes apresentam
						elevada frequ&#234;ncia de eventos adversos durante o seguimento de m&#233;dio
						prazo.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio</kwd>
        <kwd>Stents</kwd>
        <kwd>Oclus&#227;o de Enxerto Vascular</kwd>
        <kwd>Reestenose Coron&#225;ria</kwd>
        <kwd>Isquemia Mioc&#225;rdica</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>Desde a primeira angioplastia feita por Andreas Gruentzig em 1977, e apesar do
					aprimoramento t&#233;cnico e farmacol&#243;gico, a reestenose &#233; a principal limita&#231;&#227;o da
					cardiologia intervencionista<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>. A introdu&#231;&#227;o dos
						<italic>stents</italic> reduziu a taxa da reestenose, pois eliminou a
					retra&#231;&#227;o el&#225;stica e o remodelamento cr&#244;nico negativo, mas n&#227;o a aboliu, pois
					ainda persiste a hiperplasia neointimal<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>.</p>
        <p>A Reestenose Intrastent Cl&#237;nica (RISC) &#233; definida como a presen&#231;a de sintomas de
					isquemia mioc&#225;rdica e/ou provas funcionais indicando presen&#231;a de isquemia, ap&#243;s
					uma Interven&#231;&#227;o Coronariana Percut&#226;nea (ICP), associada &#224; comprova&#231;&#227;o por
					coronariografia de estenose maior ou igual a 50% no local do vaso previamente
					tratado, intrastent ou nos cinco mil&#237;metros proximais ou distais, com
					necessidade de um novo procedimento de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o para a les&#227;o-alvo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref>. A taxa de RISC &#233; em torno de 10% -
						15%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B06">6</xref> e a RIS angiogr&#225;fica ocorre em taxas
					maiores, de at&#233; 50%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref>
					<sup>-</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>.</p>
        <p>Nesse contexto, os <italic>Stents</italic> Farmacol&#243;gicos (SF) foram
					desenvolvidos para retardar ou eliminar a resposta vascular a inj&#250;ria causada
					pelo metal. O uso dos SF causou redu&#231;&#227;o na taxa de reestenose para cerca de
						6%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>
					<sup>-</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>, e esses resultados s&#227;o mantidos em
					seguimento de curto e longo prazo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>.</p>
        <p>A RISC pode se apresentar como S&#237;ndrome Coronariana Aguda (SCA), com morbidade e
					mortalidade aumentadas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>; entretanto, h&#225; escassez na literatura
					de dados sobre a evolu&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica dos pacientes ap&#243;s o tratamento da RISC. O
					objetivo deste estudo &#233; relatar as caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas e angiogr&#225;ficas da
					RISC e os desfechos dos pacientes em seguimento de pelo menos doze meses ap&#243;s
					seu diagn&#243;stico e tratamento.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#233;todos</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Desenho</title>
          <p>Trata-se de coorte de pacientes admitidos consecutivamente no Servi&#231;o de
						Hemodin&#226;mica e Cardiologia Intervencionista do Hospital Madre Teresa, em
						Belo Horizonte, no per&#237;odo de 1&#186; de janeiro de 2009 a 30 de abril de 2011,
						que se apresentaram com RISC. Os pacientes foram seguidos por pelo menos
						doze meses ap&#243;s o evento e tratamento da RISC.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Aspectos &#233;ticos</title>
          <p>O trabalho foi aprovado pela Comiss&#227;o de &#201;tica em Pesquisa das institui&#231;&#245;es
						envolvidas, n&#250;mero 397/11, em conson&#226;ncia com a Declara&#231;&#227;o de Helsinki e
						Resolu&#231;&#227;o 196/96. Todos os pacientes forneceram consentimento informado para
						a participa&#231;&#227;o no estudo.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Sele&#231;&#227;o dos pacientes</title>
          <p>Foram inclu&#237;dos todos os pacientes com idade &#8805;&#160;18&#160;anos que se apresentaram no
						Hospital Madre Teresa ap&#243;s o primeiro epis&#243;dio de RISC, no per&#237;odo de 1&#186; de
						janeiro de 2009 a 30 de abril de 2011, e que foram tratados na institui&#231;&#227;o.
						Os crit&#233;rios de exclus&#227;o foram reestenose em enxertos arteriais ou venosos e
						pacientes com segunda RISC (re-reestenose).</p>
          <p>Foram selecionados inicialmente 119 pacientes que se apresentaram com RISC no
						per&#237;odo citado, dos quais foram exclu&#237;dos nove pacientes: quatro com
						reestenose em enxerto venoso (ponte de safena) e cinco com re-reestenose. A
						amostra final do estudo foi constitu&#237;da de 110&#160;pacientes. O desfecho foi
						aferido em todos os pacientes e n&#227;o houve perdas.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Caracteriza&#231;&#227;o da reestenose</title>
          <p>A RISC foi definida como a presen&#231;a de sintomas de isquemia mioc&#225;rdica ou
						provas funcionais positivas para isquemia mioc&#225;rdica, ap&#243;s uma interven&#231;&#227;o
						coronariana percut&#226;nea, associada &#224; comprova&#231;&#227;o de presen&#231;a de uma nova
						estenose maior ou igual a 50% no local do vaso previamente tratado,
						intrastent ou nos cinco mil&#237;metros proximais ou distais, com necessidade de
						um novo procedimento de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o para a les&#227;o-alvo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref>.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Fatores de risco, comorbidades e medica&#231;&#245;es</title>
          <p>As caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas basais dos pacientes se limitaram &#224;s informa&#231;&#245;es
						descritas nos prontu&#225;rios. Foram analisados os antecedentes pessoais: IAM
						pr&#233;vio, Cirurgia de Revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do Mioc&#225;rdio (CRVM) pr&#233;via, Fra&#231;&#227;o de
						Eje&#231;&#227;o (FEVE) conhecida ao Ecocardiograma (ECO), medica&#231;&#227;o em uso na
						admiss&#227;o e os fatores de risco para doen&#231;a cardiovascular: idade, sexo,
						Hipertens&#227;o Arterial Sist&#234;mica (HAS), dislipidemia, Diabete Melito (DM),
						tabagismo, Hist&#243;ria Familiar (HF) positiva para Doen&#231;a Arterial Coronariana
						(DAC) e Insufici&#234;ncia Renal Cr&#244;nica n&#227;o dial&#237;tica (IRC). A medica&#231;&#227;o
						avaliada foi o uso de &#193;cido Acetilsalic&#237;lico (AAS), tienopirid&#237;nico
						(clopidogrel), betabloqueador, Inibidor da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina
						(IECA), Bloqueador do Receptor da Angiotensina II (BRA), nitrato, bloqueador
						do canal de c&#225;lcio e estatina.</p>
          <p>Para indicar a presen&#231;a da maior parte dos fatores de risco utilizou-se a
						morbidade referida. A HAS foi considerada se relatada pelo paciente ou em
						uso de medica&#231;&#227;o anti-hipertensiva; a dislipidemia foi positiva se relatada
						pelo paciente ou em uso de medica&#231;&#227;o hipolipemiante ou ainda por exame
						complementar realizado. Foi considerado DM quando em uso de medica&#231;&#227;o, com
						distin&#231;&#227;o entre os pacientes em uso de medicamentos hipoglicemiantes orais e
						insulina. O tabagismo foi considerado positivo para o paciente fumante
						regular at&#233; a data da coleta dos dados.</p>
          <p>Aferida a creatinina basal dos pacientes, o n&#237;vel elevado de creatinina foi
						considerado quando creatinina &#8805; 1,5 mg/dL. Foi considerada HF positiva
						quando parente de primeiro grau do sexo masculino apresentou IAM com idade &#8804;
						55 anos e parente de primeiro grau do g&#234;nero feminino apresentou IAM com
						idade &#8804; 65 anos. Al&#233;m disso, foi analisado se o paciente internou-se pelo
						Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de (SUS) ou pela sa&#250;de suplementar.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica e tratamento</title>
          <p>Foram avaliadas as formas de apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica, o tempo m&#233;dio para a
						ocorr&#234;ncia da RISC, se a RISC ocorreu ap&#243;s implante de
							<italic>stent</italic> convencional (SNF) ou de <italic>Stent</italic>
						Farmacol&#243;gico (SF), o tratamento realizado, as caracter&#237;sticas angiogr&#225;ficas
						da RISC e os desfechos ocorridos em doze meses da data de apresenta&#231;&#227;o
						cl&#237;nica.</p>
          <p>A forma de apresenta&#231;&#227;o foi classificada em seis categorias: assintom&#225;tico
						com teste isqu&#234;mico positivo, Insufici&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca (ICC), angina est&#225;vel,
						Angina Inst&#225;vel (AI), Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio Sem Supradesnivelamento do
						Segmento ST (IAMSSST) e Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio Com Supradesnivelamento
						do Segmento ST (IAMCSST).</p>
          <p>O tempo m&#233;dio para RISC foi aferido em meses entre o tempo do implante do
							<italic>stent</italic> e apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica.</p>
          <p>O tratamento realizado se dividiu em cinco tipos: Interven&#231;&#227;o Percut&#226;nea
						(ICP) com implante de SNF, ICP com implante de SF, ICP com bal&#227;o, CRVM e
						tratamento cl&#237;nico.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Seguimento e desfechos</title>
          <p>Os desfechos prim&#225;rios foram os Eventos Card&#237;acos Maiores (ECAM), definidos
						como: morte cardiovascular e IAM n&#227;o fatal, com inclus&#227;o dos eventos
						periprocedimentos. O desfecho secund&#225;rio foi &#224; combina&#231;&#227;o de AI documentada
						com necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o, Revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do Vaso Alvo (RVA) e
						Revasculariza&#231;&#227;o da Les&#227;o Alvo (RLA).</p>
          <p>O desfecho foi aferido inicialmente por contato telef&#244;nico feito no tempo de
						pelo menos um ano ap&#243;s o tratamento da RISC. Na presen&#231;a de evento foi
						realizada uma visita presencial. Todos os eventos foram confirmados com
						documenta&#231;&#227;o, incluindo a revis&#227;o de prontu&#225;rios, exames laboratoriais e
						eletrocardiograma. No caso de &#243;bito foi conferido o atestado de &#243;bito. Na
						ocorr&#234;ncia de mais de um evento durante o seguimento foi considerado apenas
						o desfecho que ocorreu primeiro.</p>
          <p>Os &#243;bitos foram classificados como card&#237;acos e n&#227;o card&#237;acos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>. O IAM n&#227;o fatal foi definido pela
						presen&#231;a de pelo menos dois dos seguintes crit&#233;rios: quadro cl&#237;nico de dor
						tor&#225;cica, presen&#231;a de nova onda Q patol&#243;gica em duas ou mais deriva&#231;&#245;es
						eletrocardiogr&#225;ficas cont&#237;guas ou eleva&#231;&#227;o de marcadores de necrose
							mioc&#225;rdica<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>. Foi considerada
						como AI a classe IIIB de Braunwald documentada, definida como angina
						inst&#225;vel prim&#225;ria, aguda com um ou mais epis&#243;dios nas &#250;ltimas 48 horas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref> e com necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o
						hospitalar. Foram definidas como RLA as reinterven&#231;&#245;es por recorr&#234;ncia da
						les&#227;o dentro do <italic>stent</italic> implantado no procedimento-&#237;ndice ou
						no segmento vascular, que inclu&#237;a os 5 mm proximais e 5 mm distais ao
							<italic>stent</italic>. A RVA foi definida como reinterven&#231;&#227;o percut&#226;nea
						ou cir&#250;rgica para revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do vaso tratado.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>An&#225;lise angiogr&#225;fica</title>
          <p>A an&#225;lise angiogr&#225;fica foi realizada por dois hemodinamicistas independentes
						e experientes, com um sistema digital previamente validado (Philips XCelera
						PACS, Amsterd&#227;, Holanda) sem informa&#231;&#245;es sobre o caso. Na ocorr&#234;ncia de
						discord&#226;ncia, foi feita a avalia&#231;&#227;o por um terceiro hemodinamicista, sendo
						considerada a classifica&#231;&#227;o final.</p>
          <p>Os dados angiogr&#225;ficos analisados foram a localiza&#231;&#227;o arterial da reestenose,
						a classifica&#231;&#227;o da reestenose segundo Mehran e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>, o fluxo TIMI pr&#233;-procedimento<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>, presen&#231;a de les&#245;es significativas (maior ou igual a
						50% no Tronco de Coron&#225;ria Esquerda (TCE) ou maiores ou iguais a 70% em
						outros vasos) e a ventriculografia semiquantitativa.</p>
          <p>A classifica&#231;&#227;o de Mehran e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>
						divide a RIS em quatro tipos: tipo I - focal (&lt;&#160;10 mm de comprimento);
						tipo II - difusa (&gt;10 mm de comprimento, mas restrita ao
							<italic>stent</italic>); tipo III - proliferativa (&gt;10 mm com invas&#227;o
						das margens do <italic>stent</italic>); e tipo IV - oclusiva (reestenose se
						apresenta como oclus&#227;o total).</p>
          <p>O fluxo TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref> foi classificado em TIMI 0: sem opacifica&#231;&#227;o ap&#243;s o
						ponto de obstru&#231;&#227;o; TIMI 1: sem opacifica&#231;&#227;o da por&#231;&#227;o terminal do vaso
						(penetra&#231;&#227;o sem perfus&#227;o); TIMI 2: opacifica&#231;&#227;o completa do vaso, por&#233;m em
						velocidade inferior a vasos adjacentes; e TIMI 3: opacifica&#231;&#227;o total do vaso
						em velocidade igual dos vasos adjacentes.</p>
          <p>A ventriculografia semiquantitativa foi classificada em normal; disfun&#231;&#227;o
						leve; disfun&#231;&#227;o moderada; e disfun&#231;&#227;o grave.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</title>
          <p>As vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas s&#227;o apresentadas como m&#233;dias &#177; Desvio Padr&#227;o (DP) ou
						medianas (intervalo interquartil) e as vari&#225;veis categ&#243;ricas como
						frequ&#234;ncias (%). A normalidade da distribui&#231;&#227;o das vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas foi
						testada pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. As caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas e
						angiogr&#225;ficas dos pacientes com desfecho e sem desfecho foram comparadas com
						o teste qui-quadrado, exato de Fisher, teste t ou Mann-Whitney, de acordo
						com o tipo da vari&#225;vel e sua distribui&#231;&#227;o. O valor de p bicaudal &lt;&#160;0,05
						foi considerado significante estatisticamente. A curva de sobreviv&#234;ncia
						acumulada foi feita com m&#233;todo de Kaplan-Meier, e a taxa dos eventos foi
						comparada usando o teste de <italic>log-rank</italic>. A an&#225;lise univariada
						e multivariada com o modelo de riscos proporcionais de Cox foi utilizada
						para determinar a contribui&#231;&#227;o das vari&#225;veis independentes. As vari&#225;veis que
						entraram no modelo proporcional de Cox final foram as que apresentaram p
						&lt; 0,10 na an&#225;lise univariada. Todas as an&#225;lises foram realizadas com o
						SPSS vers&#227;o 20.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL).</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="results">
        <title>Resultados</title>
        <p>A popula&#231;&#227;o do estudo consistiu de 110 pacientes com RISC, seguidos por 19,5 &#177;
					10,2 (mediana 19,7) meses, m&#237;nimo de 12 meses e m&#225;ximo de 38 meses (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f05">gr&#225;fico 1</xref>). As caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas e
					angiogr&#225;ficas gerais e dos grupos com e sem desfecho prim&#225;rio se encontram na
						<xref ref-type="table" rid="t05">tabela 1</xref>; ocorreu diferen&#231;a
					estat&#237;stica entre os grupos apenas em rela&#231;&#227;o ao tratamento medicamentoso com
					nitrato (p &lt; 0,001).</p>
        <fig id="f05" fig-type="graphic">
          <label>Gr&#225;fico 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Desenho do estudo dos pacientes com RISC ap&#243;s tratamento. RISC:
							reestenose intrastent cl&#237;nica; T: tempo.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-05-0375-40216-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        <table-wrap id="t05">
          <label>Tabela 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas e angiogr&#225;ficas na apresenta&#231;&#227;o dos
							pacientes com RISC com e sem desfecho prim&#225;rio</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">&#160;</th>
                <th align="center">Todos pacientes (n = 110)</th>
                <th align="center">Com desfecho (n = 18)</th>
                <th align="center">Sem desfecho (n = 92)</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Idade (anos)</td>
                <td align="center">61 &#177; 11</td>
                <td align="center">61 &#177; 12</td>
                <td align="center">61 &#177; 10</td>
                <td align="center">0,93</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">G&#234;nero masculino</td>
                <td align="center">75 (68,2)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (50,0)</td>
                <td align="center">66 (71,7)</td>
                <td align="center">0,70</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">SUS</td>
                <td align="center">56 (50,9)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (55,6)</td>
                <td align="center">46 (50,0)</td>
                <td align="center">0,66</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">RISC em SF</td>
                <td align="center">12 (10,9)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (27,8)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (7,6)</td>
                <td align="center">0,26</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">Tempo RISC (meses)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN09">*</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">13,5 (4,7 - 55)</td>
                <td align="center">11,0 (5 - 28)</td>
                <td align="center">20 (4 - 65)</td>
                <td align="center">0,79</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>Apresenta&#231;&#227;o clinica</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ICC</td>
                <td align="center">5(4,5)</td>
                <td align="center">2 (11,1)</td>
                <td align="center">3(3,3)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Assintom&#225;tico e teste
									positivo</td>
                <td align="center">5(4,5)</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">5(5,4)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Angina est&#225;vel</td>
                <td align="center">31(28,2)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (27,8)</td>
                <td align="center">26 (28,3)</td>
                <td align="center">0,93</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Angina inst&#225;vel</td>
                <td align="center">50 (45,5)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (38,9)</td>
                <td align="center">43 (46,7)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;IAMSSST</td>
                <td align="center">14 (12,8)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (22,2)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (10,9)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;IAMCSST</td>
                <td align="center">5(4,5)</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">5(5,4)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Hipertens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">98 (89,1)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (100)</td>
                <td align="center">80 (87)</td>
                <td align="center">0,21</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Dislipidemia</td>
                <td align="center">100 (90,9)</td>
                <td align="center">17 (94,4)</td>
                <td align="center">83 (90,2)</td>
                <td align="center">0,77</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Tabagismo</td>
                <td align="center">15 (13,6)</td>
                <td align="center">2(11,1)</td>
                <td align="center">13 (14,1)</td>
                <td align="center">0,72</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Diabete Melito (DM)</td>
                <td align="center">40 (36,4)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (50)</td>
                <td align="center">61 (33,7)</td>
                <td align="center">0,18</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">DM insulina</td>
                <td align="center">17 (15,5)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (27,8)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (13)</td>
                <td align="center">0,15</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Creatinina basal (mg/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">1,0 (0,8 - 1,2)</td>
                <td align="center">1,0 (0,8 - 1,2)</td>
                <td align="center">1,1 (0,8 - 1,15)</td>
                <td align="center">0,84</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Creatinina &#8805; 1,5 mg/dL</td>
                <td align="center">9 (8,2)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (16,7)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (6,5)</td>
                <td align="center">0,12</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">IAM pr&#233;vio</td>
                <td align="center">68 (61,8)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (77,8)</td>
                <td align="center">54 (58,7)</td>
                <td align="center">0,19</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">CRVM pr&#233;vio</td>
                <td align="center">18 (16,4)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (16,7)</td>
                <td align="center">15 (16,3)</td>
                <td align="center">0,97</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">HF positiva</td>
                <td align="center">23 (20,9)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (27,8)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (19,6)</td>
                <td align="center">0,52</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">FEVE(%)</td>
                <td align="center">54 (40-63)</td>
                <td align="center">45 (38-63)</td>
                <td align="center">57 (40 - 63)</td>
                <td align="center">0,36</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>Tratamento da reestenose</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;CRVM</td>
                <td align="center">20 (18,2)</td>
                <td align="center">2 (11,1)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (19,6)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ICP SF</td>
                <td align="center">40 (36,4)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (33,3)</td>
                <td align="center">34 (37)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ICP SNF</td>
                <td align="center">26 (23,2)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (22,2)</td>
                <td align="center">22 (23,9)</td>
                <td align="center">0,37</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ICP bal&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">17 (15,5)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (16,7)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (15,2)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Tratamento clinico</td>
                <td align="center">7 (6,4)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (16,7)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (4,3)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>Localiza&#231;&#227;o arterial RIS</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Descendente anterior</td>
                <td align="center">58 (52,7)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (55,6)</td>
                <td align="center">48 (52,2)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Circunflexa</td>
                <td align="center">20 (18,2)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (22,2)</td>
                <td align="center">16 (17,4)</td>
                <td align="center">0,76</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Coron&#225;ria direita</td>
                <td align="center">30 (27,3)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (22,2)</td>
                <td align="center">26 (28,3)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Tronco coron&#225;ria
									esquerda</td>
                <td align="center">2(1,8)</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">2(2,2)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>TIMI fluxo pr&#233;-procedimento</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 0 ou 1</td>
                <td align="center">12 (10,9)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (11,1)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (10,9)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 2</td>
                <td align="center">13 (11,8)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (22,2)</td>
                <td align="center">9(9,8)</td>
                <td align="center">0,37</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 3</td>
                <td align="center">85 (77,3)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (66,7)</td>
                <td align="center">73 (79,3)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>Tipo de RlS<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">&#8224;</xref>
									</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Focal</td>
                <td align="center">25 (22,7)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (22,2)</td>
                <td align="center">21 (22,8)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Difusa</td>
                <td align="center">36 (32,7)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (27,8)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (33,7)</td>
                <td align="center">0,95</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Proliferativa</td>
                <td align="center">38 (34,5)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (38,9)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (33,7)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Oclusiva</td>
                <td align="center">11 (10,0)</td>
                <td align="center">2 (11,1)</td>
                <td align="center">9(9,8)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>FEVE semiquantitativa</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;VE normal</td>
                <td align="center">12 (10,9)</td>
                <td align="center">1 (5,6)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (12,0)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;VE disfun&#231;&#227;o leve</td>
                <td align="center">20 (18,2)</td>
                <td align="center">5(27,8)</td>
                <td align="center">15 (16,5)</td>
                <td align="center">0,64</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;VE disfun&#231;&#227;o moderada</td>
                <td align="center">34 (30,9)</td>
                <td align="center">4(22,2)</td>
                <td align="center">30 (32,6)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;VE disfun&#231;&#227;o grave</td>
                <td align="center">36 (32,7)</td>
                <td align="center">7(38,9)</td>
                <td align="center">29 (31,5)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Outros vasos &#8805; 70<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN11">&#8225;</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">46 (41,8)</td>
                <td align="center">8(44,4)</td>
                <td align="center">38 (41,3)</td>
                <td align="center">0,80</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>Medica&#231;&#227;o ap&#243;s tto RIS</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;AAS</td>
                <td align="center">109 (99,1)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (100)</td>
                <td align="center">91 (98,9)</td>
                <td align="center">0,65</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Clopidogrel</td>
                <td align="center">98 (82,7)</td>
                <td align="center">17 (94,4)</td>
                <td align="center">74 (80,4)</td>
                <td align="center">0,19</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Betabloqueador</td>
                <td align="center">91 (82,7)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (77,8)</td>
                <td align="center">77 (83,7)</td>
                <td align="center">0,51</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;IECA</td>
                <td align="center">43 (39,1)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (38,9)</td>
                <td align="center">36 (39,1)</td>
                <td align="center">0,98</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;BRA</td>
                <td align="center">28 (25,5)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (16,7)</td>
                <td align="center">25 (27,2)</td>
                <td align="center">0,55</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Bloqueador canal
									c&#225;lcio</td>
                <td align="center">7 (6,4)</td>
                <td align="center">1 (5,6)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (6,5)</td>
                <td align="center">0,89</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Nitrato</td>
                <td align="center">17 (15,5)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (50)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (8,7)</td>
                <td align="center">0,00</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Estatina</td>
                <td align="center">109 (99,1)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (100)</td>
                <td align="center">91 (98,9)</td>
                <td align="center">0,65</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn>
              <p>Vari&#225;veis quantitativas s&#227;o apresentadas como m&#233;dias e &#177; desvio
								padr&#227;o, mediana (intervalo interquartil) e vari&#225;veis qualitativas
								apresentadas como n&#250;mero absoluto (%).</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN09">
              <label>*</label>
              <p>tempo entre o implante do stent e a apresenta&#231;&#227;o da RIS</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN10">
              <label>&#8224;</label>
              <p>Classifica&#231;&#227;o da reestenose segundo Mehran.</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN11">
              <label>&#8225;</label>
              <p>Outros vasos al&#233;m da art&#233;ria com reestenose com les&#227;o &#8805; 70%. RISC:
								reestenose intrastent cl&#237;nica; ECAM: eventos cardiovasculares
								maiores; SUS: sistema &#250;nico de sa&#250;de; DM: diabete melito; RIS:
								reestenose intrastent; IAM: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; CRVM:
								cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do mioc&#225;rdio; HF: hist&#243;ria familiar;
								FEVE: fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o; ICP: interven&#231;&#227;o coronariana percut&#226;nea; SF:
								stent farmacol&#243;gico; SNF: stent convencional; IAMCSST infarto agudo
								do mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST; IAMSSST infarto
								agudo do mioc&#225;rdio sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST; TIMI
								(Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) fluxo; VE: ventr&#237;culo
								esquerdo; tto: tratamento; AAS: &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico; IECA:
								inibidor da enzima conversora de angiotensina; BRA: bloqueador
								receptor da angiotensina II.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>A amostra consistiu de 75 (68,2%) pacientes do sexo masculino, com m&#233;dia de idade
					de 61 (&#177; 11), a idade m&#237;nima foi de 37 e a m&#225;xima, de 87 anos. Em rela&#231;&#227;o ao
					tratamento realizado, ocorreu o predom&#237;nio do implante de SF (40 pacientes,
					36,4%), seguido do implante de SNF em 26 (23,6%), CRVM em 20 (18,2%), ICP por
					bal&#227;o em 17 (15,5%) e tratamento cl&#237;nico em sete (6,4%) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t06">Tabela&#160;2</xref>). A evolu&#231;&#227;o dos pacientes submetidos a CRVM foi
					sem complica&#231;&#245;es em 17 dos casos, mas dois pacientes apresentaram IAM no
					p&#243;s-operat&#243;rio e um acidente vascular cerebral. N&#227;o ocorreram &#243;bitos
					hospitalares relacionados aos procedimentos de tratamento da RIS cl&#237;nica.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t06">
          <label>Tabela 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Desfecho dos pacientes com RISC em pelo menos doze meses de
							seguimento</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Desfechos</th>
                <th align="center">N(%)</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Desfecho prim&#225;rio<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN12">*</xref>(ECAM)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (16,4)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">IAM n&#227;o fatal</td>
                <td align="center">13 (11,8)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;IAM Q</td>
                <td align="center">4</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;IAM n&#227;o Q</td>
                <td align="center">9</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#211;bito cardiovascular</td>
                <td align="center">6(5,5)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Desfecho secund&#225;rio<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN13">&#8224;</xref>
									</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
                  <bold>24 (21,8)</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;RVA</td>
                <td align="center">11 (10)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;RLA</td>
                <td align="center">3(2,7)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;RVA+RLA</td>
                <td align="center">11 (10)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Angina inst&#225;vel c/
									reinterna&#231;&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">13 (11,8)</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN12">
              <label>*</label>
              <p>A soma dos desfechos prim&#225;rios individuais &#233; 19, 18 pacientes tiveram
								eventos e um paciente teve dois eventos.</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN13">
              <label>&#8224;</label>
              <p>A soma dos desfechos secund&#225;rios individuais &#233; 27, tr&#234;s pacientes
								tiveram dois eventos, RVA e RLA. As vari&#225;veis qualitativas
								apresentadas como n&#250;mero (%). RISC: reestenose intrastent cl&#237;nica;
								ECAM: eventos card&#237;acos maiores; IAM: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio;
								IAM Q: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio Q; IAM n&#227;o Q: infarto agudo do
								mioc&#225;rdio n&#227;o Q, RLA: revasculariza&#231;&#227;o da les&#227;o alvo; RVA:
								revasculariza&#231;&#227;o vaso alvo; RVA+RLA: revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do vaso alvo +
								revasculariza&#231;&#227;o da les&#227;o alvo.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Cinquenta e quatro (49,1%) pacientes eram de sa&#250;de suplementar e 56 (50,9%), do
					SUS. A an&#225;lise do tipo de tratamento em rela&#231;&#227;o ao SUS ou sa&#250;de suplementar
					mostrou que no SUS predominou o tratamento com SNF (21,8% <italic>vs</italic>.
					1,8 %), e na sa&#250;de suplementar predominou o tratamento com SF (34,5%
						<italic>vs</italic>. 1,8%).</p>
        <p>A mediana do tempo entre o implante de <italic>stent</italic> e a ocorr&#234;ncia da
					RISC foi de 13,5 (4,7 - 55) meses. Quanto &#224; classifica&#231;&#227;o angiogr&#225;fica, a RIS
					proliferativa (tipo III) ocorreu em 38 (34,5%), seguida da RIS difusa (tipo II)
					em 36 (32,7%) dos casos.</p>
        <p>A principal forma de apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica foi a S&#237;ndrome Coronariana Aguda (SCA),
					que ocorreu em 69 pacientes (62,7%), com 50 (45,5%) dos pacientes com AI,
					seguido de 14 (12,8%) casos de IAMSSST e 5 (4,5%) de IAMCSST. Os demais
					pacientes se apresentaram com angina est&#225;vel em 31 (28,2%) dos casos,
					assintom&#225;ticos com teste positivo e ICC em 5 (4,5%) casos cada. Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;
					forma de apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica e &#224; origem do paciente (SUS ou sa&#250;de suplementar),
					a SCA ocorreu em 35,5% dos pacientes do SUS e em 27,3% dos de sa&#250;de suplementar
					(p = 0,643).</p>
        <p>O desfecho foi aferido em todos os pacientes e n&#227;o ocorreram perdas. Dezoito
					(16,4%) pacientes tiveram ECAM, com IAM n&#227;o fatal em 13 (11,8%) e &#243;bito
					cardiovascular em 6 (5,5%) dos casos. Um paciente apresentou dois eventos
					prim&#225;rios, foi considerado o que ocorreu primeiro. O desfecho secund&#225;rio ocorreu
					em 24 (21,8%) casos, com 13 (11,8%) de angina inst&#225;vel com necessidade de
					reinterna&#231;&#227;o e a RVA e RLA em 11 (10%) dos pacientes (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t06">Tabela 2</xref>).</p>
        <p>Durante o seguimento ocorreram 6 (5,5%) &#243;bitos e 13&#160;(11,8%) IAM n&#227;o fatais. Todos
					os &#243;bitos foram cardiovasculares, n&#227;o ocorreram &#243;bitos relacionados aos
					procedimentos de interven&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica ou percut&#226;nea e dois infartos ocorreram
					ap&#243;s CRVM e um ap&#243;s ICP.</p>
        <p>Os SNF ocorreram em 98 (89,1%) e o SF em 12 (10,9%), e no grupo de pacientes com
					desfecho prim&#225;rio, 13&#160;(72,2%) tiveram RIS em SNF e 5 (27,8%), RIS em SF; e no
					grupo com desfecho secund&#225;rio, 20 (83,3%) RIS em SNF, e 4&#160;(16,7%), RIS de
					SF.</p>
        <p>As caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas e angiogr&#225;ficas iniciais do grupo de pacientes com e
					sem desfecho secund&#225;rio se encontram na <xref ref-type="table" rid="t07">tabela
						3</xref>.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t07">
          <label>Tabela 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Caracter&#237;sticas clinicas e angiogr&#225;ficas na apresenta&#231;&#227;o dos
							pacientes com RISC com e sem desfecho secund&#225;rio</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th colspan="2" align="left">Todos pacientes (n = 110)</th>
                <th align="center">Com desfecho (n = 24)</th>
                <th align="center">Sem desfecho (n = 86)</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Idade (anos)</td>
                <td align="center">61 &#177; 11</td>
                <td align="center">61 &#177; 12</td>
                <td align="center">61 &#177; 10</td>
                <td align="center">0,93</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">G&#234;nero masculino</td>
                <td align="center">75 (68,2)</td>
                <td align="center">16 (66,7)</td>
                <td align="center">59 (68,6)</td>
                <td align="center">0,85</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">SUS</td>
                <td align="center">56 (50,9)</td>
                <td align="center">16 (66.7)</td>
                <td align="center">40 (46,5)</td>
                <td align="center">0,08</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">RISC em SF</td>
                <td align="center">12 (10,9)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (16,7)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (9,3)</td>
                <td align="center">0,24</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">Tempo RISC (meses)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN14">*</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">13,5 (4,7 - 55)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (5,0 - 28)</td>
                <td align="center">20 (4,0 - 65)</td>
                <td align="center">0,79</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>Apresenta&#231;&#227;o clinica</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ICC</td>
                <td align="center">5(4,5)</td>
                <td align="center">1 (4,2)</td>
                <td align="center">4(4,7)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Assintom&#225;tico e teste
									positivo</td>
                <td align="center">5 (4,5)</td>
                <td align="center">1 (4,2)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (4,7)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Angina est&#225;vel</td>
                <td align="center">31(28,2)</td>
                <td align="center">5(20,8)</td>
                <td align="center">26 (30,2)</td>
                <td align="center">0,87</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Angina inst&#225;vel</td>
                <td align="center">50 (45,5)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (45,8)</td>
                <td align="center">39 (45,3)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;IAMSSST</td>
                <td align="center">14 (12,8)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (16,7)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (11,6)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;IAMCSST</td>
                <td align="center">5(4,5)</td>
                <td align="center">2(8,3)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (3,5)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Hipertens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">98 (89,1)</td>
                <td align="center">23 (95,8)</td>
                <td align="center">75 (87,2)</td>
                <td align="center">0,21</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Dislipidemia</td>
                <td align="center">100 (90,9)</td>
                <td align="center">24 (100)</td>
                <td align="center">76 (88,4)</td>
                <td align="center">0,31</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Tabagismo</td>
                <td align="center">15 (13,6)</td>
                <td align="center">2(11,1)</td>
                <td align="center">13 (14,1)</td>
                <td align="center">0,72</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Diabete Melito (DM)</td>
                <td align="center">40 (36,4)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (50,0)</td>
                <td align="center">61 (33,7)</td>
                <td align="center">0,18</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">DM insulina</td>
                <td align="center">17 (15,5)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (27,8)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (13,0)</td>
                <td align="center">0,15</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Creatinina basal (mg/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">1.0 (0,8 - 1,2)</td>
                <td align="center">1.0(0,8 - 1,2)</td>
                <td align="center">1.0 (0,8 - 1,1)</td>
                <td align="center">0,84</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Creatinina &#8805; 1,5 mg/dL</td>
                <td align="center">9 (8,2)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (16,7)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (6,5)</td>
                <td align="center">0,12</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">IAM pr&#233;vio</td>
                <td align="center">68 (61,8)</td>
                <td align="center">15 (62,5)</td>
                <td align="center">53 (61,6)</td>
                <td align="center">0,93</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">CRVM pr&#233;vio</td>
                <td align="center">18 (16,4)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (20,8)</td>
                <td align="center">13 (15,1)</td>
                <td align="center">0,53</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">HF positiva</td>
                <td align="center">23 (20,9)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (29,2)</td>
                <td align="center">16 (18,6)</td>
                <td align="center">0,26</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">FEVE (%)</td>
                <td align="center">54(40 - 63)</td>
                <td align="center">45 (38 - 63)</td>
                <td align="center">57 (40 - 63)</td>
                <td align="center">0,36</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>Tratamento da reestenose</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;CRVM</td>
                <td align="center">20 (18,2)</td>
                <td align="center">2(8,3)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (20,9)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ICP SF</td>
                <td align="center">40 (36,4)</td>
                <td align="center">5(20,8)</td>
                <td align="center">35 (40,7)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ICP SNF</td>
                <td align="center">26 (23,2)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (50,0)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (16,3)</td>
                <td align="center">0,01</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;ICP bal&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">17 (15,5)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (12,5)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (16,3)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Tratamento cl&#237;nico</td>
                <td align="center">7(6,4)</td>
                <td align="center">2 (8,3)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (5,8)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>Localiza&#231;&#227;o arterial RIS</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Descendente anterior</td>
                <td align="center">58 (52,7)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (29,2)</td>
                <td align="center">51 (59,3)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Circunflexa</td>
                <td align="center">20 (18,2)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (25)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (16,3)</td>
                <td align="center">0,03</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Coron&#225;ria direita</td>
                <td align="center">30 (27,3)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (45,8)</td>
                <td align="center">19 (22,1)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Tronco coron&#225;ria
									esquerda</td>
                <td align="center">2 (1,8)</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">2 (2,3)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>TIMI fluxo pr&#233;-procedimento</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 0 ou 1</td>
                <td align="center">12 (10,9)</td>
                <td align="center">1 (4,2)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (12,8)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 2</td>
                <td align="center">13 (11,8)</td>
                <td align="center">2(8,3)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (12,8)</td>
                <td align="center">0,36</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;TIMI 3</td>
                <td align="center">85 (77,3)</td>
                <td align="center">21 (87,5)</td>
                <td align="center">64 (74,4)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="5">
                  <bold>Tipo de RIS<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN15">&#8224;</xref>
									</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Focal</td>
                <td align="center">25 (22,7)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (16,7)</td>
                <td align="center">21 (24,4)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Difusa</td>
                <td align="center">36 (32,7)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (50,0)</td>
                <td align="center">24 (27,9)</td>
                <td align="center">0,20</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Proliferativa</td>
                <td align="center">38 (34,5)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (29,2)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (36,0)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Oclusiva</td>
                <td align="center">11 (10,0)</td>
                <td align="center">1 (4,2)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (11,6)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr align="left">
                <td style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" colspan="5">
                  <bold>FEVE semiquantitativa</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;VE normal</td>
                <td align="center">12 (10,9)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (12,5)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (10,5)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;VE disfun&#231;&#227;o leve</td>
                <td align="center">20 (18,2)</td>
                <td align="center">6(25,0)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (16,3)</td>
                <td align="center">0,55</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;VE disfun&#231;&#227;o moderada</td>
                <td align="center">34 (30,9)</td>
                <td align="center">9(37,5)</td>
                <td align="center">25 (29,1)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;VE disfun&#231;&#227;o grave</td>
                <td align="center">36 (32,7)</td>
                <td align="center">5(20,8)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (36,0)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn>
              <p>Vari&#225;veis quantitativas s&#227;o apresentadas como m&#233;dias e &#177; desvio
								padr&#227;o, mediana (intervalo interquartil) e vari&#225;veis qualitativas
								apresentadas como n&#250;mero absoluto (%).</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN14">
              <label>*</label>
              <p> tempo entre o implante do stent e a apresenta&#231;&#227;o da RISC.</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN15">
              <label>&#8224;</label>
              <p>Classifica&#231;&#227;o da reestenose segundo Mehran. RISC: reestenose
								intrastent cl&#237;nica; ECAM: eventos cardiovasculares maiores; SUS:
								sistema &#250;nico de sa&#250;de; DM: diabete melito; RIS: reestenose
								intrastent; IAM: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; CRVM: cirurgia de
								revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do mioc&#225;rdio; HF: hist&#243;ria familiar; FEVE: fra&#231;&#227;o
								de eje&#231;&#227;o; ICP: interven&#231;&#227;o coronariana percut&#226;nea; SF: stent
								farmacol&#243;gico; SNF: stent convencional; IAMCSST: infarto agudo do
								mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST; IAMSSST: infarto
								agudo do mioc&#225;rdio sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST; TIMI
								(Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) fluxo; VE: ventr&#237;culo
								esquerdo.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>As vari&#225;veis selecionadas na an&#225;lise univariada foram a RISC em SF (HR = 4,36; IC
					95% 1,53 - 12,41; p = 0,006), o tratamento cl&#237;nico da RISC (HR = 6,71; IC 95%
					1,90 - 23,7; p = 0,003), o DM insulinodependente (HR = 2,71; IC 95 % 0,96 -
					7,63; p = 0,058) e o g&#234;nero masculino (HR = 0,38; IC 95% 0,15 - 0,97; p =
					0,043). Na an&#225;lise multivariada, a RISC em SF (HR = 4,36; IC 95% 1,44 - 12,85; p
					= 0,009) e o tratamento cl&#237;nico da RISC (HR = 10,66; IC 95% 2,53 - 44,87; p =
					0,001) permaneceram como fatores de risco independentes para morte ou IAM n&#227;o
					fatal. (ECAM) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t08">Tabelas&#160;4</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f06">Gr&#225;ficos 2</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f07">3</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t08">
          <label>Tabela 4</label>
          <caption>
            <title>An&#225;lise univariada e multivariada com modelo de risco proporcional de
							Cox do risco de desfecho prim&#225;rio (ECAM) e secund&#225;rio nos pacientes com
							RISC</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">&#160;</th>
                <th align="center">HR</th>
                <th align="center">Univariada IC 95%</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
                <th align="center">HR</th>
                <th align="center">Multivariada IC 95%</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" align="left">
                <td colspan="7">
                  <bold>Desfecho prim&#225;rio</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;G&#234;nero masculino</td>
                <td align="center">0,38</td>
                <td align="center">0,15 - 0,97</td>
                <td align="center">0,043</td>
                <td align="center">0,38</td>
                <td align="center">0,13 - 1,05</td>
                <td align="center">0,62</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;DM insulina</td>
                <td align="center">2,71</td>
                <td align="center">0,96 - 7,63</td>
                <td align="center">0,058</td>
                <td align="center">1,18</td>
                <td align="center">0,38 - 3,61</td>
                <td align="center">0,768</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;RISC em SF</td>
                <td align="center">4,36</td>
                <td align="center">1,53 - 12,41</td>
                <td align="center">0,006</td>
                <td align="center">4,36</td>
                <td align="center">1,44 - 12,85</td>
                <td align="center">0,009</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin">
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Tratamento cl&#237;nico da
										RISC<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN16">*</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">6,71</td>
                <td align="center">1,90 - 23,7</td>
                <td align="center">0,003</td>
                <td align="center">10,66</td>
                <td align="center">2,53 - 44,87</td>
                <td align="center">0,001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr align="left">
                <td style="border-bottom:solid;border-bottom-width:thin" colspan="7">
                  <bold>Desfecho secund&#225;rio</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Tratamento cl&#237;nico da
										RISC<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN16">*</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">6,46</td>
                <td align="center">1,22 - 34,00</td>
                <td align="center">0,028</td>
                <td align="center">6,29</td>
                <td align="center">1,35 - 29,38</td>
                <td align="center">0,019</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Tratamento da RISC com
										SNF<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN16">*</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">4,18</td>
                <td align="center">1,46 - 11,89</td>
                <td align="center">0,007</td>
                <td align="center">4,08</td>
                <td align="center">1,75 - 9,48</td>
                <td align="center">0,001</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn>
              <p>RISC: reestenose intrastent cl&#237;nica; DM: diabete melito; SF: stent
								farmacol&#243;gico; SNF: stent n&#227;o farmacol&#243;gico.</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN16">
              <label>*</label>
              <p>Ajustado pelas outras formas de tratamento.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <fig id="f06" fig-type="graphic">
          <label>Gr&#225;fico 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Curva de Kaplan-Meier para mortalidade cardiovascular e infarto n&#227;o
							fatal de acordo com tratamento da RISC. Tto realizado: tratamento
							realizado; CRVM: cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do mioc&#225;rdio; ICP:
							interven&#231;&#227;o coronariana; RISC: reestenose intrastent cl&#237;nica.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-05-0375-40216-gf02-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        <fig id="f07" fig-type="graphic">
          <label>Gr&#225;fico 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Curva de Kaplan-Meier para mortalidade cardiovascular e infarto n&#227;o
							fatal de acordo com RISC em stent farmacol&#243;gico. RISC: reestenose
							intrastent cl&#237;nica.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-05-0375-40216-gf03-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o ao desfecho secund&#225;rio, na an&#225;lise univariada foram selecionados o
					tratamento cl&#237;nico da RISC (HR&#160;=&#160;6,46; IC 95% 1,22 - 34,00; p = 0,028) e
					tratamento da RISC com SNF (HR = 4,18; IC 95% 1,46 - 11,89; p = 0,007). Esses
					fatores permaneceram na an&#225;lise multivariada como preditores independentes de
					risco para desfecho combinado de AI com reinterna&#231;&#227;o, RVA e RLA, o tratamento
					cl&#237;nico da RISC com HR = 6,29; IC 95% 1,35 - 29,38; p = 0,019 e o tratamento da
					RISC com implante SNF (HR = 4,08; IC 95% 1,75 - 9,48; p = 0,001) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t08">Tabela 4</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f08">Gr&#225;fico 4</xref>).</p>
        <fig id="f08" fig-type="graphic">
          <label>Gr&#225;fico 4</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Curva de Kaplan-Meier para RVA, RLA e AI de acordo com tratamento da
							RISC AI: angina inst&#225;vel; RVA: revasculariza&#231;&#227;o vaso alvo; RLA:
							revasculariza&#231;&#227;o da les&#227;o alvo; tto realizado: tratamento realizado;
							ICP: interven&#231;&#227;o coronariana percut&#226;nea; CRVM: cirurgia de
							revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do mioc&#225;rdio; RISC: reestenose intrastent
							cl&#237;nica.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-05-0375-40216-gf04-pt.jpg"/></fig>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
        <p>Em um contexto de pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica rotineira, este estudo demonstrou, no
					seguimento tardio de pacientes com diagn&#243;stico da RIS cl&#237;nica, um aumento do
					risco de morte ou IAM n&#227;o fatal naqueles nos quais a RIS ocorreu em SF e nos que
					permaneceram em tratamento cl&#237;nico. Al&#233;m disso, observou-se aumento do risco de
					AI com reinterna&#231;&#227;o ou de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o nos pacientes tratados com novo
					implante de SNF e nos que permaneceram em tratamento cl&#237;nico.</p>
        <p>Em nosso estudo, a principal forma de apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica encontrada foi a SCA,
					tanto no grupo geral (62,7%) quanto nos pacientes com desfechos prim&#225;rio (61,1%)
					e secund&#225;rio (70,8%), com predom&#237;nio da AI em ambos os grupos, seguido por
					IAMSSST e IAMCSST. Estudos anteriores j&#225; haviam demonstrado que a RIS cl&#237;nica
					n&#227;o &#233; um evento benigno, apresentando-se como IAM ou AI na maioria dos casos,
					tanto para o SNF como para o SF<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>. Embora a apresenta&#231;&#227;o como SCA tenha
					sido associada a maior incid&#234;ncia de eventos cardiovasculares adversos,
					reestenose angiogr&#225;fica e novos procedimentos de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o em estudos
						pr&#233;vios<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>
					<sup>-</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref>, em nosso estudo, tal associa&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o
					foi encontrada, talvez pela amostra reduzida.</p>
        <p>Na amostra avaliada, ocorreu predom&#237;nio da classifica&#231;&#227;o angiogr&#225;fica da RIS de
					padr&#227;o proliferativo - tipo III (34,5%), seguido pelo padr&#227;o difuso - tipo II
					(32,7%). Embora seja descrito que a classifica&#231;&#227;o angiogr&#225;fica da RIS segundo
						Mehran<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> tem import&#226;ncia progn&#243;stica
					e implica&#231;&#245;es terap&#234;uticas, pois a taxa de recorr&#234;ncia da reestenose est&#225;
					condicionada pelo padr&#227;o angiogr&#225;fico, com maiores taxas de nova
					revasculariza&#231;&#227;o nas les&#245;es difusas - tipo II (em torno de 34,5%) e nas les&#245;es
					proliferativas - tipo III (em torno de 50%), n&#227;o encontramos rela&#231;&#227;o entre o
					padr&#227;o angiogr&#225;fico e o desfecho prim&#225;rio ou secund&#225;rio.</p>
        <p>Um dos achados mais significativos deste estudo &#233; a constata&#231;&#227;o de maior risco de
					morte (HR = 4,36) ou novo IAM n&#227;o fatal (HR = 4,36) em pacientes com RIS cl&#237;nica
					em SF, quando comparados aos SNF, mesmo ap&#243;s an&#225;lise multivariada. Esse achado &#233;
					relevante, j&#225; que a principal vantagem dos SF &#233; reduzir as taxas de RIS e de
					nova revasculariza&#231;&#227;o, o que ampliou, nos &#250;ltimos anos, as indica&#231;&#245;es da ICP com
					abordagem de les&#245;es mais complexas e em pacientes com mais comorbidades<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>. J&#225; foi reconhecido em estudos
					anteriores que a RIS de SF representa maior gravidade, com elevadas taxas de
					ECAM e de novas interven&#231;&#245;es, pela maior dificuldade em sua abordagem<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">27</xref>. Seu tratamento ainda n&#227;o est&#225;
					definido, com uma s&#233;rie de op&#231;&#245;es dispon&#237;veis: ICP com bal&#227;o, implante de SNF,
					SF com mesmo f&#225;rmaco ou com f&#225;rmaco diferente, bal&#227;o farmacol&#243;gico e CRVM<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref>
					<sup>-</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">32</xref>. Dessa forma, embora menos frequente,
					sua ocorr&#234;ncia est&#225; associada a piores desfechos em rela&#231;&#227;o a RIS de SNF<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref>
					<sup>-</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35">35</xref>. No entanto, n&#227;o avaliamos os
					crit&#233;rios para indica&#231;&#227;o inicial da implanta&#231;&#227;o do SF, o que pode ser devido a
					maior gravidade das les&#245;es e ter interferido em nosso resultado.</p>
        <p>Nos SF h&#225; um atraso na endoteliza&#231;&#227;o e persiste o processo inflamat&#243;rio causado
					pela droga antiproliferativa, com a RIS ocorrendo mais tardiamente, em torno de
					doze meses ap&#243;s o implante<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>. Novos
					estudos cl&#237;nicos e histol&#243;gicos com SF t&#234;m demonstrado evid&#234;ncias de um
					crescimento neointimal cont&#237;nuo e tardio por um processo de hiperplasia
					neointimal associado a altera&#231;&#245;es ateroscler&#243;ticas no local do
						<italic>stent</italic>, denominado neoaterosclerose<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36">36</xref>. Nesse contexto, os <italic>stents</italic>
					bioabsorv&#237;veis parecem ser uma estrat&#233;gia terap&#234;utica atrativa, uma vez que
					impedem o tecido neointimal, sem adi&#231;&#227;o de mais estruturas de metal na parede do
						vaso<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37">37</xref>.</p>
        <p>A perman&#234;ncia em tratamento cl&#237;nico ap&#243;s o diagn&#243;stico de RIS cl&#237;nica, quando
					comparado a outras formas de tratamento, esteve associado a elevado risco de
					desfechos desfavor&#225;veis: um risco maior que dez vezes (HR&#160;=&#160;10,62) de morte ou
					novo IAM do que as outras formas de tratamento, e seis vezes maior (HR = 6,28)
					para a ocorr&#234;ncia de AI com reinterna&#231;&#227;o ou nova revasculariza&#231;&#227;o (RVA e RLA).
					Os 7&#160;(6,4%) pacientes ap&#243;s diagn&#243;stico da RIS que permaneceram em tratamento
					cl&#237;nico n&#227;o foram submetidos a novo procedimento de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o por
					impossibilidade t&#233;cnica. Nossos resultados corroboram os achados de Gottschall e
						cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38">38</xref>, que descreveram que os
					pacientes com RISC n&#227;o tratados com um novo procedimento de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o, e
					que permaneceram em tratamento cl&#237;nico, em longo prazo apresentaram maiores
					taxas de ECAM (morte, IAM e CRVM), que em compara&#231;&#227;o com os pacientes foram
					submetidos a nova revasculariza&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o ao tratamento da RISC e os eventos secund&#225;rios, tivemos uma
					inferioridade do tratamento com SNF ou cl&#237;nico contra o implante de SF, bal&#227;o ou
					tratamento cir&#250;rgico. O tratamento da RISC com SNF esteve associado com um risco
					quatro vezes maior (HR = 4,08) de AI com reinterna&#231;&#227;o ou de nova
					revasculariza&#231;&#227;o (RVA e RLA) em rela&#231;&#227;o aos outros tratamentos. Esses resultados
					est&#227;o em concord&#226;ncia com o estado da arte da cardiologia intervencionista, j&#225;
					que a principal vantagem do SF &#233; exatamente a preven&#231;&#227;o de novas
					interven&#231;&#245;es.</p>
        <p>O perfil dos pacientes que permaneceram em tratamento cl&#237;nico n&#227;o difere muito do
					dos pacientes do grupo geral, com m&#233;dia de idade 58,86 (&#177; 5,6) anos; predom&#237;nio
					do sexo masculino (85,7%); todos eram HAS e dislipid&#234;micos; tabagismo em 28,6%
					dos casos; DM insulinodependente em 42,9%; CRVM pr&#233;vio em 14,3%. A apresenta&#231;&#227;o
					como SCA nesse grupo ocorreu em 71,4% dos pacientes, com 57,1% como AI e 14,3%
					como IAMSSST. N&#227;o ocorreu apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica como IAMCSST. No entanto, ao
					analisarmos a presen&#231;a de IAM pr&#233;vio, vemos que ele ocorreu em 71,4% dos
					pacientes desse grupo, o que difere do grupo geral, e que 71,4% dos pacientes
					que tiveram essa forma de tratamento eram do SUS, por&#233;m sem signific&#226;ncia
					estat&#237;stica.</p>
        <p>A escolha da angina inst&#225;vel IIIB de Braunwald com necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o como
					desfecho secund&#225;rio deve-se &#224; maior gravidade dessa, com maior taxa de eventos
					card&#237;acos adversos em longo prazo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B39">39</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40">40</xref>, e a possibilidade de documenta&#231;&#227;o dos
					eventos com a interna&#231;&#227;o dos pacientes.</p>
        <p>Uma peculiaridade do nosso estudo &#233; a diferen&#231;a na utiliza&#231;&#227;o do tipo de
						<italic>stent</italic> (SF e SNF) para tratamento da RISC de acordo com a
					origem do paciente, proveniente do sistema p&#250;blico de sa&#250;de (SUS) ou da sa&#250;de
					suplementar. A maioria dos pacientes com RIS tratados com SNF era do SUS (21,8%
						<italic>vs</italic>. 1,8%), enquanto a maioria dos tratados com SF era de
					sa&#250;de suplementar (34,5% <italic>vs</italic>. 1,8%). Os dois pacientes do SUS
					tratados com SF foram em raz&#227;o de mandado judicial. Tal diferen&#231;a traduz o fato
					de os SF n&#227;o estarem dispon&#237;veis para os pacientes do SUS, que s&#227;o respons&#225;veis
					por 80% das ICP realizados no Brasil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B41">41</xref>,
					apesar de estar estabelecido na literatura que o implante de novo SNF n&#227;o &#233; a
					melhor op&#231;&#227;o no tratamento da RISC<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref>
					<sup>-</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30">30</xref>. Nosso trabalho fornece mais subs&#237;dios
					para o conhecimento das complica&#231;&#245;es ap&#243;s o implante do <italic>stent</italic>
					em nosso meio e pode auxiliar nas decis&#245;es dos gestores de sa&#250;de quanto ao
					tratamento da doen&#231;a coronariana.</p>
        <p>O presente estudo apresenta limita&#231;&#245;es relacionadas ao seu car&#225;ter observacional
					e por ter sido realizado num &#250;nico centro, com n&#250;mero pequeno de pacientes e
					eventos, o que justifica intervalo de confian&#231;a amplo. Outra limita&#231;&#227;o foi a n&#227;o
					utiliza&#231;&#227;o do ultrassom intracoronariano (IVUS) na an&#225;lise angiogr&#225;fica da RIS.
					Entretanto, como ressaltado anteriormente, s&#227;o escassas as informa&#231;&#245;es sobre o
					curso evolutivo ap&#243;s a RISC, de modo que nossos resultados contribuem para o
					conhecimento nessa &#225;rea.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
        <p>Em conclus&#227;o, constatamos que, em nossa amostra, a principal forma de
					apresenta&#231;&#227;o da RISC &#233; a SCA. No acompanhamento cl&#237;nico de longo prazo foram
					preditores de eventos card&#237;acos maiores a perman&#234;ncia em tratamento cl&#237;nico e a
					RISC em SF. O tratamento da RISC com implante de SNF e a perman&#234;ncia em
					tratamento cl&#237;nico foram preditores de AI com necessidade de interna&#231;&#227;o e nova
					revasculariza&#231;&#227;o. A RISC representa, ainda, um grande desafio na pr&#225;tica m&#233;dica,
					com necessidade de realiza&#231;&#227;o de novos estudos para se reconhecer os preditores
					de risco e melhores formas de abordagem terap&#234;utica.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Este artigo &#233; parte de Disserta&#231;&#227;o de Mestrado de B&#225;rbara Campos Abreu Marino
						pelo Programa de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o da Sa&#250;de do Adulto da Faculdade de Medicina
						da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
