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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">87nRnsrJNfpQM6vZbXvWF6c</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2015000200010</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00010</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="previous-pid">S0066-782X2014005040177</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20140177</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Assessment of Myocardial Infarction by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
               and Long-Term Mortality</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Petriz</surname>
            <given-names>Jo&#227;o Luiz Fernandes</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff03">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>Bruno Ferraz de Oliveira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rua</surname>
            <given-names>Braulio Santos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Azevedo</surname>
            <given-names>Cl&#233;rio Francisco</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff03">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Hadlich</surname>
            <given-names>Marcelo Souza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff03">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mussi</surname>
            <given-names>Henrique Thadeu Periard</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Taets</surname>
            <given-names>Gunnar de Cunto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff03">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nascimento</surname>
            <given-names>Em&#237;lia Matos do</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Pereira</surname>
            <given-names>Bas&#237;lio de Bragan&#231;a</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Nelson Albuquerque de Souza e</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) /
               Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad - Programa de P&#243;s Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Medicina
               (Cardiologia), Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8722; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff02">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Barra D'Or</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Barra D'Or, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8722;
               Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff03">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Rio de
               Janeiro, RJ &#8722; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"><bold>Mailing Address: Jo&#227;o Luiz Fernandes Petriz,</bold> Rua Pio
               Borges de Castro, 429, Barra da Tijuca. Postal Code 22793-081, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8722;
               Brazil. E-mail: <email>jlpetriz@cardiol.br</email>,
               <email>jlpetriz@gmail.com</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research: Petriz JLF, Souza e Silva NA; Acquisition
                  of data: Petriz JLF, Gomes BFO, Rua BS, Azevedo CF, Hadlich MS, Mussi HTP, Taets
                  GC; Analysis and interpretation of the data: Petriz JLF, Souza e Silva NA;
                  Statistical analysis: Petriz JLF, Azevedo CF, Nascimento EM, Pereira BB; Obtaining
                  Financing: Petriz JLF; Writing of the manuscript: Petriz JLF, Souza e Silva NA;
                  Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Petriz JLF, Souza e
                  Silva NA.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2015</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>21</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>104</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>159</fpage>
      <lpage>168</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>02</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>08</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>11</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
                  Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License which permits unrestricted
                  non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
                  original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <sec>
          <title>Background:</title>
          <p>Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging provides detailed anatomical information on
                  infarction. However, few studies have investigated the association of these data
                  with mortality after acute myocardial infarction.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objective:</title>
          <p>To study the association between data regarding infarct size and anatomy, as
                  obtained from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging after acute myocardial
                  infarction, and long-term mortality.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods:</title>
          <p>A total of 1959 reports of &#8220;infarct size&#8221; were identified in 7119 cardiac magnetic
                  resonance imaging studies, of which 420 had clinical and laboratory confirmation
                  of previous myocardial infarction. The variables studied were the classic risk
                  factors &#8211; left ventricular ejection fraction, categorized ventricular function,
                  and location of acute myocardial infarction. Infarct size and acute myocardial
                  infarction extent and transmurality were analyzed alone and together, using the
                  variable named &#8220;MET-AMI&#8221;. The statistical analysis was carried out using the
                  elastic net regularization, with the Cox model and survival trees.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p>The mean age was 62.3 &#177; 12 years, and 77.3% were males. During the mean follow-up
                  of 6.4 &#177; 2.9 years, there were 76 deaths (18.1%). Serum creatinine, diabetes
                  mellitus and previous myocardial infarction were independently associated with
                  mortality. Age was the main explanatory factor. The cardiac magnetic resonance
                  imaging variables independently associated with mortality were transmurality of
                  acute myocardial infarction (p = 0.047), ventricular dysfunction (p = 0.0005) and
                  infarcted size (p = 0.0005); the latter was the main explanatory variable for
                  ischemic heart disease death. The MET-AMI variable was the most strongly
                  associated with risk of ischemic heart disease death (HR: 16.04; 95%CI: 2.64-97.5;
                  p = 0.003).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusion:</title>
          <p>The anatomical data of infarction, obtained from cardiac magnetic resonance
                  imaging after acute myocardial infarction, were independently associated with
                  long-term mortality, especially for ischemic heart disease death.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Myocardial Infarction/physiology;</kwd>
        <kwd>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagnostic Imaging</kwd>
        <kwd>Mortality</kwd>
        <kwd>Risk Factor</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="6"/>
        <table-count count="10"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="29"/>
        <page-count count="10"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>The size and morphology of myocardial fibrosis or necrosis area are potentially
            associated with the occurrence of ventricular dysfunction and ventricular arrhythmias,
            which are themselves associated with mortality in patients after acute myocardial
            infarction (AMI)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>. The introduction of cardiac magnetic resonance
            imaging (CMRI) in the assessment of AMI3 was a major advance. It permits thorough
            documentation of myocardial infarct size and anatomy, improving both the diagnostic
            ability and the perspective of post-AMI risk assessment. However, some knowledge gaps
            regarding the association of AMI anatomical data provided by CMRI with long-term
            mortality still exist, as well as regarding its ability to add relevant prognostic
            information. The number of studies is limited, and most of them had short follow-up
            periods and involved North American and European populations <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref><sub>-</sub><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Objective</title>
      <p>To verify the association of data regarding infarct size and anatomy with overall
            mortality, circulatory system disease mortality, and ischemic heart disease (IHD)
            mortality in patients undergoing CMRI after AMI.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>Methods</title>
      <sec>
        <title>Study design and population</title>
        <p>Between June 2001 and December 2010, 7119 CMRI records and 1959 reports with the term
               &#8220;infarct size&#8221; (IS) were found in a tertiary health care network of imaging
               laboratories and hospitals. There were 489 patients undergoing CMRI after
               hospitalization, with documented elevation of troponin levels, of whom 420 were
               selected for diagnostic confirmation of AMI from their medical records; patients with
               non-ischemic myocardial injury were excluded. This study was approved by the Research
               Ethics Committee of University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF), Federal
               University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ).</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Variables analyzed</title>
        <p>The demographic and clinical variables analyzed were: age; gender; previous AMI;
               diabetes mellitus; systemic hypertension; smoking habit; dyslipidemia; angiographic
               classification of obstructive coronary artery disease; treatment with CABG; serum
               creatinine levels; and peak serum troponin I level. Mortality and the basic cause of
               death were obtained from probabilistic relationship of identification data of the
               study population, with 1,485,735 records of the Mortality Information System
                  (<italic>Sistema de Informa&#231;&#227;o de Mortalidade</italic> -SIM) between 2001 and
               2012.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging findings</title>
        <p>CMRI findings were obtained from the medical records of each patient. The resonance
               techniques routinely used for the assessment of patients with AMI were cine-magnetic
               resonance, for left ventricular (LV) functional assessment, and late enhancement
                  technique<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>, for the assessment of
               myocardial necrosis or fibrosis.</p>
        <p>LV function was obtained from LV ejection fraction (EF) (Simpson&#8217;s method) and from
               the LV function category by subjective visual analysis, and was classified as normal
               or mild, moderate or severe dysfunction.</p>
        <p>AMI location was based on the 17-segment model used for myocardial segmentation
                  nomenclature<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>. The presence of transmural
               AMI was defined by the involvement of &gt; 50% of the segment<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>. The AMI
               type, regarding transmurality, was thus classified into three categories: transmural
               (TM), non&#8209;transmural (NTM), and mixed (when both AMI types were present). The
               percentage of infarcted LV mass was calculated using the semi-quantitative visual
               score method, as described elsewhere<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>. The
               AMI transmurality index (TI) was obtained by calculating the ratio between the number
               of segments with transmural infarction (SegTM AMI) and the total number of segments
               with AMI (NSegAMI).</p>
        <p>The MET-AMI variable was elaborated to express AMI size and complexity, combining
               three categorized primary variables: AMI transmurality, IS, and NSegAMI.</p>
        <p>The definitions of abnormality (negative vs positive) for the variables comprising
               MET-AMI were: (1) transmurality, if mixed AMI present; (2) categorization of
               components of the MET-AMI composite variable was obtained from the most accurate
               cut-off value found in the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve, i.e., IS &#8805;
               14% and NSegAMI &#8805; 4.</p>
        <p>The MET-AMI variable was graded according to the number of abnormal components:
               grade-1 MET-AMI for no abnormality; grade-2 MET-AMI for one abnormal variable;
               grade-3 MET-AMI for two abnormal variables; grade-4 MET&#8209;AMI for three abnormal
               variables.</p>
        <p>The presence of microvascular obstruction (<italic>no reflow</italic>) was documented
               whenever described in the test report.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Statistical analysis</title>
        <p>Data analysis was carried out to evaluate the three endpoints: overall mortality,
               circulatory system disease death, and IHD death, as codified in the Declaration of
               Death (DD) by the 10th Review of the International Classification of Diseases
               (ICD-10). Mann-Whitney, chi-square or Fisher&#8217;s exact test were used for the
               univariate analysis; the log rank test was used for the analysis of Kaplan-Meier
               curves. Multivariate analysis was carried out sequentially by means of an initial
               selection of variables using elastic net regularization (EM), which were analyzed by
               the Cox model. The survival tree was used for the identification of the main
               explanatory variables for each endpoint. The significance level was set at 5%. The
               Pearson method was used for the analysis of correlations between numeric
               variables.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="results">
      <title>Results</title>
      <p>The mean follow-up period from the day CMRI was performed until the occurrence of death
            or the end of the observation period was 6.4 &#177; 2.9 years. The median time between
            admission for AMI and performance of CMRI was 13 days, and 278 patients (66.1%)
            underwent the imaging test within the first 30 days after AMI. There were 76 deaths
            (18.09%), of which 34 (44.7%) were for circulatory system diseases and 22 (29%), for
            IHD.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Demographic and clinical data</title>
        <p>Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population, by subgroup of
               survivors and of all-cause deaths, are shown in <xref ref-type="table" rid="t01">Table 1</xref>.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t01">
          <label>Table 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population and of the
                     subgroups of survivors and all-cause deaths</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Variables</th>
                <th align="center">Total population (n = 420)</th>
                <th align="center">Survivors (n = 344)</th>
                <th align="center">Deaths (n = 76)</th>
                <th align="center">p value</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>Age, mean &#177; SD (years)</td>
                <td align="center">62.3 &#177; 12.0</td>
                <td align="center">60.4 &#177; 12.4</td>
                <td align="center">72.6 &#177; 12.1</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Male gender</td>
                <td align="center">325 (77.3)</td>
                <td align="center">270 (78.4)</td>
                <td align="center">55 (72.3)</td>
                <td align="center">0.248</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>SH</td>
                <td align="center">312 (74.2)</td>
                <td align="center">254 (73.8)</td>
                <td align="center">58 (76.3)</td>
                <td align="center">0.655</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Diabetes, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">127 (30.2)</td>
                <td align="center">91 (26.4)</td>
                <td align="center">36 (47.3)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Cigarette smoking, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">136 (32.3)</td>
                <td align="center">119 (34.6)</td>
                <td align="center">17 (22.3)</td>
                <td align="center">0.039</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Dyslipidemia, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">212 (50.4)</td>
                <td align="center">179 (52.0)</td>
                <td align="center">33 (43.4)</td>
                <td align="center">0.174</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Previous AMI, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">207 (49.2)</td>
                <td align="center">153 (44.4)</td>
                <td align="center">54 (71.0)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                <td>
                  <bold>Angiographic profile of CAD, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">
                  <bold>0.566</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Single-vessel</td>
                <td align="center">176 (41.9)</td>
                <td align="center">147 (42.7)</td>
                <td align="center">29 (38.2)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Two-vessel</td>
                <td align="center">72 (17.1)</td>
                <td align="center">56 (16.3)</td>
                <td align="center">16 (21.0)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Three-vessel or multivessel</td>
                <td align="center">89 (21.2)</td>
                <td align="center">73 (21.2)</td>
                <td align="center">16 (21.0)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>CAT not performed</td>
                <td align="center">83 (19.8)</td>
                <td align="center">68 (19.7)</td>
                <td align="center">15 (19.8)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                <td>
                  <bold>Treatment during hospitaltization, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">
                  <bold>&lt; 0.001</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Medical only</td>
                <td align="center">132 (31.4)</td>
                <td align="center">92 (26.8)</td>
                <td align="center">40 (52.6)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Revascularization by PCI</td>
                <td align="center">226 (53.8)</td>
                <td align="center">197 (57.3)</td>
                <td align="center">29 (38.2)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Surgical revascularization</td>
                <td align="center">62 (14.7)</td>
                <td align="center">55 (15.9)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (9.2)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                <td>
                  <bold>Laboratory data</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Peak troponin I level, median (ng/mL)</td>
                <td align="center">12.9</td>
                <td align="center">12.2</td>
                <td align="center">19.1</td>
                <td align="center">0.614</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Serum creatinine, mean &#177; SD (mg/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">1.06 &#177; 0.45</td>
                <td align="center">1.0 &#177; 0.4</td>
                <td align="center">1.1 &#177; 0.5</td>
                <td align="center">0.085</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Serum creatinine (&gt; 2 mg/dL), n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (2.61)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (2.03)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (5.26)</td>
                <td align="center">0.037</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td colspan="5">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn>
              <p>SD: standard deviation; SH: systemic hypertension; AMI: acute myocardial
                        infarction; CAD: coronary artery disease; CAT: catheterization; PCI:
                        percutaneous coronary intervention.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>The subgroup of deaths compared to that of survivors showed: higher mean age; higher
               prevalences of diabetes mellitus, of previous AMI and two-vessel coronary artery
               disease; higher median peak troponin levels; and higher percentage of cases with
               serum creatinine levels &gt; 2 mg/dL. A greater number of myocardial
               revascularization procedures was observed in the subgroup of survivors (73.3% vs.
               47.4%). The angiographic profile of single-vessel disease was more frequent among
               survivors, and only 19.8% did not undergo cardiac catheterization.</p>
        <p>CMRI data in the study population, in the subgroup of survivors and in the all-cause
               death group are shown in <xref ref-type="table" rid="t02">Table 2</xref>.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t02">
          <label>Table 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Values of variables obtained from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI)
                     in the study population, and in the subgroups of survival and all-cause
                     deaths</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">CRMI variables</th>
                <th align="center">Total population (n = 420)</th>
                <th align="center">Survivors (n = 344)</th>
                <th align="center">Deaths (n = 76)</th>
                <th align="center">p value</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>Anterior AMI, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">218 (51.9)</td>
                <td align="center">175 (50.8)</td>
                <td align="center">43 (56.5)</td>
                <td align="center">0.37</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>LV IS, median (%)</td>
                <td align="center">11.0</td>
                <td align="center">10.5</td>
                <td align="center">15.0</td>
                <td align="center">0.006</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>LV IS, mean &#177; SD (%)</td>
                <td align="center">14.3 &#177; 11.0</td>
                <td align="center">13.5 &#177; 10.6</td>
                <td align="center">17.7 &#177; 12.1</td>
                <td align="center">0.003</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                <td>
                  <bold>AMI type</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">
                  <bold>0.07</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Transmural, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">99 (23.6)</td>
                <td align="center">84 (24.4)</td>
                <td align="center">15 (19.7)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Non-transmural, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">165 (39.2)</td>
                <td align="center">141 (40.9)</td>
                <td align="center">24 (31.5)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Mixed transmurality, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">156 (37.2)</td>
                <td align="center">119 (34.6)</td>
                <td align="center">37 (48.6)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>NSegTM AMI, mean &#177; SD</td>
                <td align="center">2.3 &#177; 2.6</td>
                <td align="center">2.1 &#177; 2.5</td>
                <td align="center">3.0 &#177; 2.9</td>
                <td align="center">0.013</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>NSegNTM AMI, mean &#177; SD</td>
                <td align="center">1.8 &#177; 1.6</td>
                <td align="center">1.7 &#177; 1.6</td>
                <td align="center">1.9 &#177; 1.6</td>
                <td align="center">0.411</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>NSegAMI, mean &#177; SD</td>
                <td align="center">4.1 &#177; 2.7</td>
                <td align="center">3.9 &#177; 2.5</td>
                <td align="center">4.9 &#177; 3.0</td>
                <td align="center">0.003</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Transmurality index</td>
                <td align="center">0.44 &#177; 0.41</td>
                <td align="center">0.43 &#177; 0.41</td>
                <td align="center">0.49 &#177; 0.3</td>
                <td align="center">0.29</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Presence of no reflow, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">28 (6.7)</td>
                <td align="center">22 (6.4)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (8.6)</td>
                <td align="center">0.82</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                <td>
                  <bold>LV systolic function, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">
                  <bold>&lt; 0.0001</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Normal</td>
                <td align="center">221 (52.6)</td>
                <td align="center">199 (57.8)</td>
                <td align="center">22 (28.9)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Mild dysfunction</td>
                <td align="center">75 (17.8)</td>
                <td align="center">64 (18.6)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (14.4)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Moderate dysfunction</td>
                <td align="center">47 (11.2)</td>
                <td align="center">38 (11.0)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (11.8)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Severe dysfunction</td>
                <td align="center">77 (18.3)</td>
                <td align="center">43 (12.5)</td>
                <td align="center">34 (44.7)</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>LV ejection fraction, mean &#177; SD (%)</td>
                <td align="center">51.0 &#177; 17.0</td>
                <td align="center">53.7 &#177; 15.6</td>
                <td align="center">39.8 &#177; 18.3</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.0001</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn>
              <p>AMI: acute myocardial infarction; IS: infarct size; LV: left ventricle; SD:
                        standard deviation; NSegTM AMI: number of segments with transmural
                        myocardial infarction; NSegNTM AMI: number of segments with non-transmural
                        acute myocardial infarction; NSegAMI: total number of segments with acute
                        myocardial infarction.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Comparing the subgroup of deaths with that of survivors, a higher prevalence of mixed
               AMI was observed in the group of deaths. Number of segments with TM AMI, total number
               of segments with AMI, and IS were significantly higher in the subgroup of deaths.</p>
        <p>The Pearson test showed positive linear correlations between IS and SegTM AMI (r =
               0.83) and between IS and NSegAMI (r = 0.78). LVEF showed a negative linear
               association with IS (r = - 0.57).</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Associations of variables with the endpoints studied</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Endpoint all-cause mortality</title>
          <p>The multivariate Cox model was used for the all-cause death endpoint (time elapsed
                  between performance of CMRI and occurrence of death), with the variables selected
                  by EN (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t03">Table 3</xref>).</p>
          <table-wrap id="t03">
            <label>Table 3</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Cox model for the all-cause mortality endpoint</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Variables</th>
                  <th align="center">Coefficient</th>
                  <th align="center">SE</th>
                  <th align="center">p value</th>
                  <th align="center">HR</th>
                  <th align="center">95%CI</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Clinical and demographic data</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Age (years)</td>
                  <td align="center">0.082</td>
                  <td align="center">0.012</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0.0001</td>
                  <td align="center">1.08</td>
                  <td align="center">1.06-1.11</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Diabetes mellitus</td>
                  <td align="center">0.516</td>
                  <td align="center">0.246</td>
                  <td align="center">0.036</td>
                  <td align="center">1.67</td>
                  <td align="center">1.03-2.71</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Treatment</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Medical only</td>
                  <td align="center">Reference</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>PCI</td>
                  <td align="center">-0.368</td>
                  <td align="center">0.291</td>
                  <td align="center">0.21</td>
                  <td align="center">0.69</td>
                  <td align="center">0.39-1.22</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>CABG</td>
                  <td align="center">-0.883</td>
                  <td align="center">0.429</td>
                  <td align="center">0.039</td>
                  <td align="center">0.41</td>
                  <td align="center">0.18-0.96</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Serum creatinine (mg/dL)</td>
                  <td align="center">0.510</td>
                  <td align="center">0.223</td>
                  <td align="center">0.022</td>
                  <td align="center">1.67</td>
                  <td align="center">1.08-2.58</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Previous AMI</td>
                  <td align="center">0.486</td>
                  <td align="center">0.296</td>
                  <td align="center">0.10</td>
                  <td align="center">1.63</td>
                  <td align="center">0.91-2.90</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>CMRI data</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Infarct size (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">0.048</td>
                  <td align="center">0.014</td>
                  <td align="center">0.0008</td>
                  <td align="center">1.05</td>
                  <td align="center">1.02-1.08</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Anterior AMI</td>
                  <td align="center">0.486</td>
                  <td align="center">0.277</td>
                  <td align="center">0.079</td>
                  <td align="center">1.63</td>
                  <td align="center">0.94-2.80</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Moderate / severe LV dysfunction</td>
                  <td align="center">1.054</td>
                  <td align="center">0.304</td>
                  <td align="center">0.0005</td>
                  <td align="center">2.87</td>
                  <td align="center">1.58-5.20</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Type of AMI</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Transmural</td>
                  <td align="center">Reference</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Non-transmural</td>
                  <td align="center">0.867</td>
                  <td align="center">0.436</td>
                  <td align="center">0.047</td>
                  <td align="center">2.38</td>
                  <td align="center">1.01-5.60</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Mixed</td>
                  <td align="center">0.495</td>
                  <td align="center">0.318</td>
                  <td align="center">0.11</td>
                  <td align="center">1.64</td>
                  <td align="center">0.88-3.06</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="6">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn>
                <p>SE: stand error of the coefficient; HR: hazard ratio; 95%CI: 95%
                           confidence interval; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG:
                           coronary artery by-pass grafting; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; CMRI:
                           cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; LV: left ventricle.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>Among the CMRI data, the model identified the following independent variables:
                  moderate or severe ventricular dysfunction, IS and NTM AMI. The model also
                  identified the following clinical or demographic variables as independent
                  variables: age, diabetes mellitus and serum creatinine level. An inverse
                  association was also found between treatment with CABG and mortality.</p>
          <p>The MET-AMI variable was tested using the multivariate Cox model again. However,
                  this was proven to be a significant variable for overall mortality (p = 0.25).</p>
          <p>The survival tree identified age at CMRI, with a cut-off point at 69.7 years, as
                  the most relevant explanatory variable for overall mortality.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Endpoint mortality for circulatory system diseases</title>
        <p>The variables selected by EN for the endpoint mortality for circulatory system
               diseases were: age, diabetes mellitus, type of treatment, serum creatinine level, IS
               (%), AMI of anterior location, moderate or severe LV dysfunction, AMI transmurality,
               previous AMI, AMI-CMDRI time (days), male gender, SegNTM AMI and no reflow.</p>
        <p>The Cox model identified, among the demographic or clinical variables, age (p &lt;
               0.0001) and serum creatinine level (p = 0.001) as independent variables. Among CMRI
               variables, the independent variables identified were ventricular dysfunction (hazard
               ratio &#8722; HR: 3.34; 95% confidence interval &#8722; 95% CI: 1.35-8.24; p = 0.008), IS (HR:
               1.10; 95%CI: 1.05&#8209;1.15; p = 0.0001) and previous AMI (HR: 2.87; 95%CI: 1.04&#8209;7.89; p =
               0.041). The presence of mixed AMI was also a factor identified with significance &lt;
               10% (p = 0.055).</p>
        <p>The MET-AMI variable was tested again using the Cox multivariate model. <xref ref-type="table" rid="t04">Table 4</xref> shows the independent variables
               identified in the new model. Moderate/severe LV dysfunction, age, serum creatinine
               level, and grades 3 and 4 MET-AMI were independent variables related to the endpoint
               circulatory system disease death.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t04">
          <label>Table 4</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Cox model for the endpoint circulatory disease mortality, with the MET-AMI
                     variable included</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Variables</th>
                <th align="center">Coefficient</th>
                <th align="center">SE</th>
                <th align="center">p value</th>
                <th align="center">HR</th>
                <th align="center">95%CI</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>Age (years)</td>
                <td align="center">0.077</td>
                <td align="center">0.019</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.0001</td>
                <td align="center">1.08</td>
                <td align="center">1.04-1.12</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Diabetes mellitus</td>
                <td align="center">0.441</td>
                <td align="center">0.390</td>
                <td align="center">0.26</td>
                <td align="center">1.55</td>
                <td align="center">0.72-3.34</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                <td>
                  <bold>Treatment</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Medical</td>
                <td align="center">Reference</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">0.13</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>PCI</td>
                <td align="center">-0.830</td>
                <td align="center">0.479</td>
                <td align="center">0.083</td>
                <td align="center">0.44</td>
                <td align="center">0.17-1.12</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>CABG</td>
                <td align="center">-0.885</td>
                <td align="center">0.599</td>
                <td align="center">0.13</td>
                <td align="center">0.41</td>
                <td align="center">0.13-1.33</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Serum creatinine level (mg/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">0.899</td>
                <td align="center">0.303</td>
                <td align="center">0.003</td>
                <td align="center">2.46</td>
                <td align="center">1.36-4.44</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Anterior AMI</td>
                <td align="center">0.347</td>
                <td align="center">0.423</td>
                <td align="center">0.41</td>
                <td align="center">1.41</td>
                <td align="center">0.62-3.24</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Moderate/severe LV dysfunction</td>
                <td align="center">1.152</td>
                <td align="center">0.420</td>
                <td align="center">0.006</td>
                <td align="center">3.16</td>
                <td align="center">1.39-7.20</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Previous AMI</td>
                <td align="center">0.949</td>
                <td align="center">0.516</td>
                <td align="center">0.066</td>
                <td align="center">2.58</td>
                <td align="center">0.94-7.11</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>AMI-CMRI time (days)</td>
                <td align="center">-0.0016</td>
                <td align="center">0.001</td>
                <td align="center">0.10</td>
                <td align="center">1.00</td>
                <td align="center">1.00-1.00</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Male gender</td>
                <td align="center">-0.533</td>
                <td align="center">0.448</td>
                <td align="center">0.23</td>
                <td align="center">0.59</td>
                <td align="center">0.24-1.41</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>No reflow</td>
                <td align="center">0.513</td>
                <td align="center">0.701</td>
                <td align="center">0.46</td>
                <td align="center">1.67</td>
                <td align="center">0.42-6.59</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                <td>
                  <bold>Variable MET-AMI</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>1</td>
                <td align="center">Reference</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>2</td>
                <td align="center">0.028</td>
                <td align="center">0.733</td>
                <td align="center">0.97</td>
                <td align="center">1.03</td>
                <td align="center">0.24-4.33</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>3</td>
                <td align="center">1.399</td>
                <td align="center">0.612</td>
                <td align="center">0.022</td>
                <td align="center">4.05</td>
                <td align="center">1.22-13.44</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>4</td>
                <td align="center">2.152</td>
                <td align="center">0.618</td>
                <td align="center">0.0005</td>
                <td align="center">8.60</td>
                <td align="center">2.56-28.90</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn>
              <p>SE: standard error of the coefficient; HR: hazard ratio; 95%CI: 95%
                        confidence interval; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG: coronary
                        artery by-pass grafting; LV: left ventricle; AMI: acute myocardial
                        infarction; CMRI: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Survival tree for the endpoint circulatory system disease mortality</title>
        <p>The survival tree (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figure 1</xref>) identified
               ventricular function, categorized as moderate or severe dysfunction vs mild
               dysfunction or normal, as the most relevant explanatory variable for the
               classification of survivors and of circulatory system disease deaths. The age
               variable was also relevant in the model.</p>
        <fig id="f01" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Survival tree for the endpoint circulatory system disease deaths. (1)
                     Normal LV function; (2) Mild LV dysfunction; (3) Moderate LV dysfunction; (4)
                     Severe LV dysfunction. LV: left ventricle.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-02-0159-40177-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Joint assessment of MET-AMI and ventricular function variables</title>
        <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figure 2</xref> shows the Kaplan-Meier survival curves
               for the endpoint circulatory system disease mortality, classified in four groups
               according to relevant changes of the MET-AMI composite variable (defined by cohort &#8805;
               3) and of left ventricular function (defined by the presence of moderate or severe
               ventricular dysfunction).</p>
        <fig id="f02" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Kaplan-Meier survival curves for the endpoint circulatory system disease
                     mortality, according to the MET-AMI and left ventricular function variables.
                     Group A: dysfunction absent and grades 1 or 2 MET-AMI; Group B: dysfunction
                     absent and grades 3 or 4 MET-AMI; Group C: moderate or severe dysfunction and
                     grades 1 or 2 MET-AMI; Group D: moderate or severe dysfunction and grades 3 or
                     4 MET-AMI.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-02-0159-40177-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
        <p>A significant reduction in survival was observed in the group with relevant changes
               in both variables in comparison to the subgroup with no changes. The subgroups with
               only one abnormal variable had intermediate survival, however significantly shorter
               than that of the subgroup with no abnormalities.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Endpoint ischemic heart disease mortality</title>
        <p>The variables selected by EN for the endpoint IHD mortality were age, diabetes
               mellitus, serum creatinine level, IS (%), moderate or severe LV dysfunction, AMI
               transmurality, previous AMI, and SegNTM AMI.</p>
        <p>The Cox model applied to these variables showed that, among CMRI variables, IS was
               the one that demonstrated independent value (HR: 1.09; 95%CI: 1.03-1.15; p = 0.0015).
               Among the clinical and demographic variables, independent value was identified for
               age (HR: 1.08; 95%CI: 1.03-1.13; p = 0.001), serum creatinine level (HR: 2.62; 95%CI:
               1.35-5.03; p = 0.004) and previous AMI (HR: 2.87; 95%CI: 1.04&#8209;7.89; p = 0.041).</p>
        <p><xref ref-type="table" rid="t05">Table 5</xref> shows the results of the Cox
               regression model applied to the MET-AMI variable. The MET-AMI variable showed an
               increasing risk ratio, according to its grade, showing independent value for grades 3
               or 4, and was the variable with the highest risk ratio in the model.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t05">
          <label>Table 5</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Cox model for the endpoint ischemic heart disease mortality, with inclusion
                     of the MET-AMI variable</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Variables</th>
                <th align="center">Coefficient</th>
                <th align="center">SE</th>
                <th align="center">p value</th>
                <th align="center">HR</th>
                <th align="center">95%CI</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>Age (years)</td>
                <td align="center">0.064</td>
                <td align="center">0.021</td>
                <td align="center">0.003</td>
                <td align="center">1.07</td>
                <td align="center">1.02-1.11</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Diabetes mellitus</td>
                <td align="center">0.690</td>
                <td align="center">0.463</td>
                <td align="center">0.14</td>
                <td align="center">1.99</td>
                <td align="center">0.80-4.95</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Serum creatinine level (mg/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">0.797</td>
                <td align="center">0.342</td>
                <td align="center">0.019</td>
                <td align="center">2.22</td>
                <td align="center">1.13-4.34</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Moderate/severe LV dysfunction</td>
                <td align="center">0.623</td>
                <td align="center">0.485</td>
                <td align="center">0.20</td>
                <td align="center">1.86</td>
                <td align="center">0.72-4.82</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Previous AMI</td>
                <td align="center">1.310</td>
                <td align="center">0.574</td>
                <td align="center">0.022</td>
                <td align="center">3.71</td>
                <td align="center">1.20-11.4</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                <td>
                  <bold>MET-AMI variable</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Grade 1</td>
                <td align="center">Reference</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                <td align="center">&#160;</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Grade 2</td>
                <td align="center">1.222</td>
                <td align="center">0.973</td>
                <td align="center">0.21</td>
                <td align="center">3.39</td>
                <td align="center">0.50-22.8</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Grade 3</td>
                <td align="center">2.056</td>
                <td align="center">0.906</td>
                <td align="center">0.023</td>
                <td align="center">7.82</td>
                <td align="center">1.32-46.2</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Grade 4</td>
                <td align="center">2.775</td>
                <td align="center">0.921</td>
                <td align="center">0.003</td>
                <td align="center">16.04</td>
                <td align="center">2.64-97.5</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn>
              <p>SE: standard error of the coefficient; HR: hazard ratio; 95%CI: 95%
                        confidence interval; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; LV: left
                        ventricle.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Survival tree</title>
        <p>The survival tree (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f03">Figure 3</xref>) identified IS as a
               relevant explanatory variable, with a cut-off point at 21.0% for the endpoint IHD
               mortality.</p>
        <fig id="f03" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Survival tree for the endpoint circulatory system disease mortality. IS:
                     infarct size.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-02-0159-40177-gf03.jpg"/></fig>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discussion</title>
      <p>Most of the studies assessing data obtained from CMRI after AMI adopted composite
            endpoints involving the occurrence of decompensated heart failure, reinfarction,
            ventricular arrhythmias, and death. Their mean follow-up period was 2 years<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>.</p>
      <p>Kwong et al<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref> reported a relevant study on the
            value of ate enhancement documented by CMRI in a population with suspected coronary
            artery disease, and verified that the presence of subclinical AMI, as detected in CMRI,
            was the factor more significantly associated with the risk of events and mortality.
            Differently, the focus of the present study was to evaluate the role of CMRI after
            clinical documentation of AMI.</p>
      <p>Other studies have evaluated patients with ischemic heart disease in more advanced
            stages and with longer follow-up periods<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref>, however shorter than
            that of the present study.</p>
      <p>Another differential aspect of this study was the assessment of the basic death cause
            using DD data. Cheong et al4 similarly obtained mortality data using the social security
            computed system, however without the definition of death cause.</p>
      <p>The study population showed demographic and clinical characteristics consistent with
            those found in national studies and registries<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>, as well as in
            international data<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>. The mean age of 62 years is
            similar to that found for patients with AMI of the ACCEPT registry<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>.</p>
      <p>Bello et al<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref> investigated the importance of late
            enhancement provided by CMRI in 100 patients with coronary artery disease in a stable
            stage and, in corroboration with our findings, observed an independent association of
            the ventricular function, IS, and diabetes mellitus variables with mortality; also,
            cigarette smoking was more prevalent in the subgroup of survivors. These findings may be
            potentially attributed to the high prevalence of more severely ill patients with
            previous coronary artery disease (49.2% with previous AMI in this study), who had
            probably quit smoking before the index AMI episode.</p>
      <p>Four clinical variables seemed always significant to predict post-AMI death, whether in
            ours or in other studies<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>, namely: age, renal dysfunction (as expressed by
            serum creatinine levels), history of previous AMI, left ventricular dysfunction, and
            diabetes mellitus.</p>
      <p>The association between the type of AMI and mortality was verified for NTM or mixed AMI,
            reinforcing the potential anatomical risk for arrhythmic or ischemic phenomena reported
            for NTM infarction<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> or heterogeneous scar<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">27</xref>.</p>
      <p>IS remained a variable of AMI magnitude, with an independent value in the present study,
            in corroboration with most of the studies<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B06">6</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>. The independent value for ventricular
            dysfunction was more frequently found in studies that also adopted the endpoint
            all-cause mortality<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref>; however, it was also significant to predict
            short-term composite cardiovascular events after AMI<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>. This was also
            verified in the present study, in which age and ventricular function were identified as
            explanatory variables for the endpoint all-cause mortality.</p>
      <p>The DETERMINE multicenter randomized clinical trial<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref> evaluated the prophylactic use of implantable cardiac defibrillator in
            patients after AMI guided by the IS value found on CMRI, adopting a cut-off value of 10%
            for CMRI in the late phase or 15% for CMRI in the acute phase, based on previous
               findings<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">29</xref> of the arrhythmogenic risk of an
            AMI scar.</p>
      <p>In the present study, we observed a 14% cut-off value for IS for the endpoint overall
            mortality, by the ROC curve; however, for the endpoint IHD mortality, the survival tree
            identified IS as a relevant variable for a higher cut-off value (21.0%). Isquierdo et
               al<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> studied 440 patients in the acute phase
            of AMI in a 2-year follow-up. The occurrence of composite endpoints (deaths or severe
            ventricular arrhythmias) was independently associated with IS; however they occurred
            predominantly in the presence of ventricular dysfunction. Differently, in the present
            study, in the subgroup without significant ventricular dysfunction, the presence of &#8805;
            grade-3 MET-AMI was associated with shorter survival. The longer follow-up period and
            the high risk ratio observed for this variable may justify this finding.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>limitations</title>
        <p>Retrospective study that assessed cases from the partial case series of patients
               hospitalized for AMI, with a subgroup selected as having a better prognosis, for
               which CMRI was indicated. A population at different stages after AMI was studied,
               since CMRI was adopted as the reference.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusion</title>
      <p>The general findings of this study reinforce the ability of clinical and left
            ventricular function data to predict the risk after acute myocardial infarction.
            However, the anatomical data provided by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging regarding
            acute myocardial infarction showed an independent association with long-term mortality,
            especially for ischemic heart disease death, and thus can contribute for risk
            identification in selected cases.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study was partially funded by CAPES.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This article is part of the doctoral thesis of the authors Jo&#227;o Luiz Fernandes Petriz
               (doctoral student), Bas&#237;lio de Bragan&#231;a Pereira and Nelson Albuquerque de Souza e
               Silva (counselors) at the Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Medicina Cardiologia da
               Faculdade de Medicina/ Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad - Universidade Federal do Rio
               de Janeiro (UFRJ).</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ack>
      <title>Acknowledgments</title>
      <p>The authors express your sincere appreciation to following contributors: &#194;ngela Maria
            Casc&#227;o (Secretaria Estadual de Sa&#250;de - RJ); Dr. Jorge Moll Filho (Rede D&#8217;Or S&#227;o Luiz);
            Dr. F&#225;bio Vilas-Boas Pinto (Hospital Espanhol da Bahia); Dr. Carlos Eduardo Rochitte
            (InCor-USP); Dr. Bernardo Rangel Tura (INC - RJ); Dra. Gl&#225;ucia M. Moraes de Oliveira e
            Estat. Ros&#226;ngela Martins (UFRJ); Eng. Luis Ant&#244;nio Mendon&#231;a (IME); Profa. Maria L&#250;cia
            Brand&#227;o (Faculdade de Educa&#231;&#227;o - UFF); Dra. Martha Savedra, Dr. Pl&#237;nio Resende do Carmo
            Jr, Dra. Andr&#233;a C. Parise Fontes, Dra. Mariana M. Can&#225;rio da Silva, Dra. Daniele Guedes,
            Dr. Andr&#233; Casarsa Marques, Dr. Rafael Aron Abtibol and Dr. Ricardo G. Gusm&#227;o Oliveira
            (Hospital Barra D&#8217;Or-RJ); Dr. Denilson Campos de Albuquerque, Dra. Fernanda Tovar Moll
            and Dr. Jorge Moll Neto (Instituto D&#8217;Or de Ensino e Pesquisa-RJ).</p>
    </ack>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="SA1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Artigos Originais</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Avalia&#231;&#227;o do Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio pela Resson&#226;ncia Magn&#233;tica Card&#237;aca e
               Mortalidade em Longo Prazo</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Petriz</surname>
            <given-names>Jo&#227;o Luiz Fernandes</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff04">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff05">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff06">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c02"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>Bruno Ferraz de Oliveira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff05">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rua</surname>
            <given-names>Braulio Santos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff05">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Azevedo</surname>
            <given-names>Cl&#233;rio Francisco</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff06">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Hadlich</surname>
            <given-names>Marcelo Souza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff04">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff06">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mussi</surname>
            <given-names>Henrique Thadeu Periard</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff04">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff05">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Taets</surname>
            <given-names>Gunnar de Cunto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff06">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nascimento</surname>
            <given-names>Em&#237;lia Matos do</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff04">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Pereira</surname>
            <given-names>Bas&#237;lio de Bragan&#231;a</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff04">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Nelson Albuquerque de Souza e</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff04">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff04">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) /
               Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Programa de P&#243;s Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Medicina
               (Cardiologia)</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) /
               Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad - Programa de P&#243;s Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Medicina
               (Cardiologia), Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8722; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff05">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Barra D'Or</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Barra D'Or, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8722;
               Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff06">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino, Rio de
               Janeiro, RJ &#8722; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c02"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Jo&#227;o Luiz Fernandes Petriz,</bold> Rua Pio
               Borges de Castro, 429, Barra da Tijuca. CEP 22793-081, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8722; Brasil.
               E-mail: <email>jlpetriz@cardiol.br</email>,
               <email>jlpetriz@gmail.com</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Petriz JLF, Souza e Silva NA; Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados:
                  Petriz JLF, Gomes BFO, Rua BS, Azevedo CF, Hadlich MS, Mussi HTP, Taets GC;
                  An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Petriz JLF, Souza e Silva NA; An&#225;lise
                  estat&#237;stica: Petriz JLF, Azevedo CF, Nascimento EM, Pereira BB; Obten&#231;&#227;o de
                  Financiamento: Petriz JLF; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Petriz JLF, Souza e Silva NA;
                  Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Petriz
                  JLF, Souza e Silva NA.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesse</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract xml:lang="pt">
        <sec>
          <title>Fundamento:</title>
          <p>A resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca fornece informa&#231;&#245;es anat&#244;micas detalhadas do
                  infarto, por&#233;m poucos estudos investigaram a associa&#231;&#227;o desses dados com
                  mortalidade p&#243;s-infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p>Verificar a associa&#231;&#227;o entre os dados de anatomia e magnitude do infarto, obtidos
                  da resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca p&#243;s-infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio, e mortalidade em
                  longo prazo.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>Foram identificados 1.959 laudos com &#8220;massa infartada&#8221; em 7.119 exames de
                  resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca, dos quais 420 possu&#237;am documenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica e
                  laboratorial de infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio pr&#233;vio. As vari&#225;veis estudadas foram os
                  fatores de risco cl&#225;ssicos, fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo, fun&#231;&#227;o
                  ventricular categorizada e localiza&#231;&#227;o do infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio. Massa
                  infartada, extens&#227;o e transmuralidade do infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio foram
                  analisadas de maneira isolada e conjuntamente, pela vari&#225;vel denominada &#8220;MET-IAM&#8221;.
                  A an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica foi feita pelo <italic>elastic net regularization,</italic>
                  pelo modelo de Cox e por &#225;rvores de sobrevida.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>A idade m&#233;dia foi 62,3 &#177; 12 anos, sendo 77,3% de homens. Durante o seguimento de
                  6,4 &#177; 2,9 anos, foram identificados 76 &#243;bitos (18,1%). Creatinina s&#233;rica, diabetes
                  melito e infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio pr&#233;vio demonstraram associa&#231;&#227;o independente
                  com mortalidade. A idade foi o principal fator explicativo. As vari&#225;veis da
                  resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca que se associaram de forma independente com a
                  mortalidade foram: transmuralidade do infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio (p = 0,047),
                  disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular (p = 0,0005) e massa infartada (p = 0,0005) &#8722; sendo essa
                  &#250;ltima a principal vari&#225;vel explicativa para morte por doen&#231;a isqu&#234;mica card&#237;aca.
                  A vari&#225;vel MET-IAM exibiu a maior associa&#231;&#227;o de risco para morte por doen&#231;a
                  isqu&#234;mica card&#237;aca (HR: 16,04; IC95%: 2,64-97,5; p = 0,003).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclus&#227;o:</title>
          <p>Os dados anat&#244;micos do infarto obtidos da resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca
                  p&#243;s-infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio se associaram de forma independente com mortalidade
                  em longo prazo, sendo, por&#233;m, mais relevantes para morte por doen&#231;a isqu&#234;mica
                  card&#237;aca.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio/fisiopatologia;</kwd>
        <kwd>Imagem por Resson&#226;ncia Magn&#233;tica</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagn&#243;stico por Imagem</kwd>
        <kwd>Mortalidade</kwd>
        <kwd>Fator de Risco</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>O tamanho e a morfologia da &#225;rea de necrose ou fibrose mioc&#225;rdica s&#227;o fatores
               potencialmente associados &#224; ocorr&#234;ncia de disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular e arritmias
               ventriculares, os quais guardam associa&#231;&#227;o pr&#233;via com a mortalidade em pacientes
               p&#243;s&#8209;Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio (IAM)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>. A incorpora&#231;&#227;o da
               Resson&#226;ncia Magn&#233;tica Card&#237;aca (RMC) na avalia&#231;&#227;o do IAM<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref> representou um grande avan&#231;o, com possibilidade de documentar
               detalhadamente a anatomia e a magnitude do infarto do mioc&#225;rdio, aprimorando a
               capacidade de diagnosticar, bem como a perspectiva de avalia&#231;&#227;o de risco p&#243;s-IAM. No
               entanto, ainda existem lacunas de conhecimento quanto &#224; associa&#231;&#227;o dos dados
               anat&#244;micos do IAM fornecidos pela RMC com mortalidade em longo prazo, e do potencial
               de acrescentar informa&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica relevante. Os estudos s&#227;o em n&#250;mero limitado, e
               a maioria com tempo curto de seguimento envolvendo popula&#231;&#227;o norte-americana e
                  europeia<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo</title>
          <p>Verificar a associa&#231;&#227;o dos dados de magnitude e anatomia do infarto com
                  mortalidade geral, mortalidade por doen&#231;as do aparelho circulat&#243;rio e mortalidade
                  por Doen&#231;a Isqu&#234;mica Card&#237;aca (DIC) em pacientes que realizaram RMC p&#243;s-IAM.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#233;todos</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Delineamento e popula&#231;&#227;o</title>
          <p>Entre junho 2001 e dezembro 2010, foram encontrados 7.119 registros de RMC
                  card&#237;aca e 1.959 laudos com o termo &#8220;Massa Infartada&#8221; (MI) em uma rede terci&#225;ria
                  de laborat&#243;rios de imagem e hospitais. Foram verificados 489 casos que realizaram
                  RMC ap&#243;s interna&#231;&#227;o hospitalar com documenta&#231;&#227;o de eleva&#231;&#227;o de troponina, dos
                  quais 420 foram selecionados pela confirma&#231;&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico de IAM em prontu&#225;rio,
                  sendo exclu&#237;dos pacientes com inj&#250;ria mioc&#225;rdica de etiologia n&#227;o isqu&#234;mica. Este
                  estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa do Hospital Universit&#225;rio
                  Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF) da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
                  (UFRJ).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Vari&#225;veis analisadas</title>
          <p>As vari&#225;veis demogr&#225;ficas e cl&#237;nicas analisadas foram: idade, sexo, IAM pr&#233;vio,
                  diabetes melito, hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica, tabagismo, dislipidemia,
                  classifica&#231;&#227;o angiogr&#225;fica da coronariopatia obstrutiva, tratamento por
                  revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica, creatinina s&#233;rica e valor de pico s&#233;rico de troponina
                  I. A mortalidade e a causa b&#225;sica do &#243;bito foram obtidas pelo relacionamento
                  probabil&#237;stico dos dados de identifica&#231;&#227;o da popula&#231;&#227;o estudada, com 1.485.735
                  registros do Sistema de Informa&#231;&#227;o de Mortalidade (SIM), entre 2001 e 2012.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Dados da resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca</title>
          <p>Os dados de RMC foram obtidos a partir dos registros de laudos de cada paciente.
                  As t&#233;cnicas de resson&#226;ncia utilizadas de rotina para avalia&#231;&#227;o de pacientes com
                  IAM foram a cinerresson&#226;ncia, para a avalia&#231;&#227;o funcional do Ventr&#237;culo Esquerdo
                  (VE), e a de realce tardio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>, para a
                  avalia&#231;&#227;o da necrose ou fibrose mioc&#225;rdica.</p>
          <p>A fun&#231;&#227;o do VE foi obtida pela Fra&#231;&#227;o de Eje&#231;&#227;o (FE) do VE (m&#233;todo de Simpson) e
                  pela categoria de fun&#231;&#227;o do VE por an&#225;lise subjetiva visual, sendo classificada em
                  normal ou em disfun&#231;&#227;o de grau leve, moderado ou grave.</p>
          <p>A localiza&#231;&#227;o do IAM foi estabelecida pelo modelo utilizado de nomenclatura de
                  segmenta&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica em 17 segmentos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>. A
                  presen&#231;a de IAM transmural foi definida pelo envolvimento de &gt; 50% do
                     segmento<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>. O tipo do IAM, quanto &#224; transmuralidade,
                  foi, assim, classificado em tr&#234;s categorias: Transmural (TM), N&#227;o Transmural (NTM)
                  e misto (quando presentes os dois tipos de IAM). O percentual da massa do VE
                  infartada foi calculado pelo m&#233;todo de escore visual semiquantitativo, como
                  descrito previamente<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>. O &#205;ndice de
                  Transmuralidade do IAM (IT) foi obtido pelo c&#225;lculo da raz&#227;o entre o n&#250;mero de
                  Segmentos com Infarto Transmural (SegIAM TM) e o N&#250;mero Total de Segmentos com IAM
                  (NSegIAM).</p>
          <p>A vari&#225;vel MET-IAM foi elaborada para expressar a magnitude e a complexidade do
                  IAM combinando tr&#234;s vari&#225;veis prim&#225;rias categorizadas: transmuralidade do IAM, MI
                  e NSegIAM.</p>
          <p>As defini&#231;&#245;es de altera&#231;&#227;o (negativo vs. positivo) para as vari&#225;veis componentes
                  da MET-IAM foram: (1) transmuralidade se presen&#231;a de IAM do tipo misto; (2) a
                  categoriza&#231;&#227;o dos componentes da vari&#225;vel composta MET-IAM foi obtida do valor de
                  corte de maior acur&#225;cia documentado pela curva ROC (sigla do ingl&#234;s Receiver
                  Operating Characteristic), ou seja, MI &#8805; 14% e NSegIAM &#8805; 4.</p>
          <p>A vari&#225;vel MET-IAM foi graduada conforme o n&#250;mero de componentes alterados:
                  MET-IAM grau 1 para aus&#234;ncia de altera&#231;&#227;o; MET-IAM grau 2 para uma vari&#225;vel
                  alterada; MET&#8209;IAM grau 3 para duas vari&#225;veis alteradas; MET-IAM grau 4 para tr&#234;s
                  vari&#225;veis alteradas.</p>
          <p>A presen&#231;a de obstru&#231;&#227;o microvascular (<italic>no reflow</italic>) foi
                  documentada, caso descrita no laudo do exame.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</title>
          <p>A an&#225;lise dos dados foi realizada para avalia&#231;&#227;o dos tr&#234;s desfechos: mortalidade
                  geral, morte por doen&#231;as do aparelho circulat&#243;rio e morte por DIC, conforme
                  codificado na Declara&#231;&#227;o de &#211;bito (DO) pela 10&#170; Revis&#227;o da Classifica&#231;&#227;o
                  Internacional de Doen&#231;as (CID&#8209;10). Para a an&#225;lise univariada, utilizaram-se os
                  testes de Mann&#8209;Whitney, qui quadrado ou exato de Fisher, e o teste <italic>log
                     rank</italic> foi usado para an&#225;lise das curvas de Kaplan-Meier. A an&#225;lise
                  multivariada foi realizada sequencialmente por meio de uma sele&#231;&#227;o inicial das
                  vari&#225;veis pelo <italic>elastic net regularization</italic> (EN), as quais foram
                  analisadas pelo modelo de Cox. A &#225;rvore de sobrevida foi utilizada para
                  identifica&#231;&#227;o das principais vari&#225;veis explicativas para cada desfecho. Foi
                  adotado n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia de 5%. An&#225;lise das correla&#231;&#245;es entre vari&#225;veis
                  num&#233;ricas foi realizada pelo m&#233;todo de Pearson.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="results">
        <title>Resultados</title>
        <p>O tempo m&#233;dio de seguimento da data da realiza&#231;&#227;o da RMC at&#233; a ocorr&#234;ncia de &#243;bito ou
               fim da observa&#231;&#227;o foi de 6,4 &#177; 2,9 anos. A mediana do tempo entre a admiss&#227;o por IAM
               e a realiza&#231;&#227;o de RMC foi de 13 dias, sendo que 278 pacientes (66,1%) realizaram o
               exame nos primeiros 30 dias p&#243;s-IAM. Ocorreram 76 (18,09%) &#243;bitos, sendo 34 (44,7%)
               por doen&#231;as do aparelho circulat&#243;rio e 22 (29%) por DIC.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Dados demogr&#225;ficos e cl&#237;nicos</title>
          <p>A <xref ref-type="table" rid="t06">Tabela 1</xref> apresenta as caracter&#237;sticas
                  demogr&#225;ficas e cl&#237;nicas da popula&#231;&#227;o estudada, por subgrupo de sobreviventes e de
                  &#243;bitos por qualquer causa.</p>
          <table-wrap id="t06">
            <label>Tabela 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Caracter&#237;sticas demogr&#225;ficas e cl&#237;nicas da popula&#231;&#227;o estudada e por
                        subgrupo de sobreviventes e de &#243;bitos por qualquer causa</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Vari&#225;veis</th>
                  <th align="center">Popula&#231;&#227;o total (n = 420)</th>
                  <th align="center">Sobreviventes (n = 344)</th>
                  <th align="center">&#211;bitos (n = 76)</th>
                  <th align="center">Valor de p</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>Idade, m&#233;dia &#177; DP (anos)</td>
                  <td align="center">62,3 &#177; 12,0</td>
                  <td align="center">60,4 &#177; 12,4</td>
                  <td align="center">72,6 &#177; 12,1</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Sexo masculino</td>
                  <td align="center">325 (77,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">270 (78,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">55 (72,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,248</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>HAS</td>
                  <td align="center">312 (74,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">254 (73,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">58 (76,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,655</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Diabetes, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">127 (30,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">91 (26,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">36 (47,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Tabagismo, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">136 (32,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">119 (34,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">17 (22,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,039</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Dislipidemia, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">212 (50,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">179 (52,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">33 (43,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,174</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>IAM pr&#233;vio, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">207 (49,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">153 (44,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">54 (71,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Perfil angiogr&#225;fico da DAC, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">
                    <bold>0,566</bold>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Uniarterial</td>
                  <td align="center">176 (41,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">147 (42,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">29 (38,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Biarterial</td>
                  <td align="center">72 (17,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">56 (16,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">16 (21,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Triarterial ou multiarterial</td>
                  <td align="center">89 (21,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">73 (21,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">16 (21,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>N&#227;o realizou CAT</td>
                  <td align="center">83 (19,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">68 (19,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">15 (19,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Tratamento na interna&#231;&#227;o, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">
                    <bold>&lt; 0,001</bold>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Apenas cl&#237;nico</td>
                  <td align="center">132 (31,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">92 (26,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">40 (52,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Revasculariza&#231;&#227;o por ICP</td>
                  <td align="center">226 (53,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">197 (57,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">29 (38,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Revasculariza&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica</td>
                  <td align="center">62 (14,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">55 (15,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">7 (9,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Dados laboratoriais</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Valor pico de troponina I, mediana (ng/mL)</td>
                  <td align="center">12,9</td>
                  <td align="center">12,2</td>
                  <td align="center">19,1</td>
                  <td align="center">0,614</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Creatinina s&#233;rica, m&#233;dia &#177; DP (mg/dL)</td>
                  <td align="center">1,06 &#177; 0,45</td>
                  <td align="center">1,0 &#177; 0,4</td>
                  <td align="center">1,1 &#177; 0,5</td>
                  <td align="center">0,085</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Creatinina s&#233;rica (&gt; 2 mg/dL), n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">11 (2,61)</td>
                  <td align="center">7 (2,03)</td>
                  <td align="center">4 (5,26)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,037</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="5">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn>
                <p>DP: desvio padr&#227;o; HAS: hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica; IAM: infarto
                           agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; DAC: doen&#231;a arterial coronariana; CAT: cateterismo;
                           ICP: interven&#231;&#227;o coronariana percut&#226;nea.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>No subgrupo de &#243;bitos, comparado com os sobreviventes, observaram-se: m&#233;dia maior
                  de idade; maiores preval&#234;ncias de diabetes melito, de IAM pr&#233;vio e de doen&#231;a
                  coronariana biarterial; e maiores valores da mediana de pico da troponina e do
                  percentual de casos com creatinina s&#233;rica &gt; 2 mg/dL. Foi observado maior n&#250;mero
                  de procedimentos de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do mioc&#225;rdio no subgrupo de sobreviventes
                  (73,3% vs. 47,4%). O perfil angiogr&#225;fico de doen&#231;a uniarterial foi mais frequente
                  entre os sobreviventes e apenas 19,8% n&#227;o realizaram cateterismo card&#237;aco.</p>
          <p>A <xref ref-type="table" rid="t07">Tabela</xref> 2 apresenta os dados da RMC na
                  popula&#231;&#227;o estudada, no subgrupo de sobreviventes e de &#243;bitos por qualquer
                  causa.</p>
          <table-wrap id="t07">
            <label>Tabela 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Valores das vari&#225;veis obtidas da resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca (RMC) da
                        popula&#231;&#227;o estudada, e por subgrupo de sobreviventes e de &#243;bitos por qualquer
                        causa</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Vari&#225;veis da RMC</th>
                  <th align="center">Popula&#231;&#227;o total (n = 420)</th>
                  <th align="center">Sobreviventes (n = 344)</th>
                  <th align="center">&#211;bitos (n = 76)</th>
                  <th align="center">Valor de p</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>IAM de localiza&#231;&#227;o anterior, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">218 (51,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">175 (50,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">43 (56,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,37</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>MI do VE, mediana (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">11,0</td>
                  <td align="center">10,5</td>
                  <td align="center">15,0</td>
                  <td align="center">0,006</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>MI do VE, m&#233;dia &#177; DP (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">14,3 &#177; 11,0</td>
                  <td align="center">13,5 &#177; 10,6</td>
                  <td align="center">17,7 &#177; 12,1</td>
                  <td align="center">0,003</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Tipo de IAM</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">
                    <bold>0,07</bold>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Transmural, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">99 (23,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">84 (24,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">15 (19,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>N&#227;o transmural, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">165 (39,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">141 (40,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">24 (31,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Transmuralidade mista, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">156 (37,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">119 (34,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">37 (48,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>NSegIAM TM, m&#233;dia &#177; DP</td>
                  <td align="center">2,3 &#177; 2,6</td>
                  <td align="center">2,1 &#177; 2,5</td>
                  <td align="center">3,0 &#177; 2,9</td>
                  <td align="center">0,013</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>NSegIAM NTM, m&#233;dia &#177; DP</td>
                  <td align="center">1,8 &#177; 1,6</td>
                  <td align="center">1,7 &#177; 1,6</td>
                  <td align="center">1,9 &#177; 1,6</td>
                  <td align="center">0,411</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>NSegIAM, m&#233;dia &#177; DP</td>
                  <td align="center">4,1 &#177; 2,7</td>
                  <td align="center">3,9 &#177; 2,5</td>
                  <td align="center">4,9 &#177; 3,0</td>
                  <td align="center">0,003</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>&#205;ndice de transmuralidade</td>
                  <td align="center">0,44 &#177; 0,41</td>
                  <td align="center">0,43 &#177; 0,41</td>
                  <td align="center">0,49 &#177; 0,3</td>
                  <td align="center">0,29</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Presen&#231;a de <italic>no reflow</italic>, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">28 (6,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">22 (6,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">6 (8,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,82</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica do VE, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">
                    <bold>&lt; 0,0001</bold>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Normal</td>
                  <td align="center">221 (52,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">199 (57,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">22 (28,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Disfun&#231;&#227;o leve</td>
                  <td align="center">75 (17,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">64 (18,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">11 (14,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Disfun&#231;&#227;o moderada</td>
                  <td align="center">47 (11,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">38 (11,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">9 (11,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Disfun&#231;&#227;o grave</td>
                  <td align="center">77 (18,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">43 (12,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">34 (44,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o do VE, m&#233;dia &#177; DP (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">51,0 &#177; 17,0</td>
                  <td align="center">53,7 &#177; 15,6</td>
                  <td align="center">39,8 &#177; 18,3</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,0001</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn>
                <p>IAM: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; MI: massa infartada; VE: ventr&#237;culo
                           esquerdo; DP: desvio padr&#227;o; NSegIAM TM: n&#250;mero de segmentos com infarto
                           agudo do mioc&#225;rdio transmural; NSegIAM NTM: n&#250;mero de segmentos com
                           infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio n&#227;o transmural; NSegIAM: n&#250;mero total de
                           segmentos com infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>Comparando o subgrupo de &#243;bitos com o de sobreviventes, foi observada maior
                  preval&#234;ncia de IAM tipo misto no grupo de &#243;bitos. N&#250;mero de segmentos com IAM TM,
                  n&#250;mero total de segmentos com IAM e a MI foram significativamente superiores no
                  subgrupo de &#243;bitos.</p>
          <p>Pelo teste de Pearson, evidenciaram-se correla&#231;&#245;es lineares positivas entre a MI e
                  SegIAM TM (r = 0,83) e a MI e NSegIAM (r = 0,78). FEVE exibiu associa&#231;&#227;o linear
                  negativa com a MI (r = -0,57).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Associa&#231;&#245;es das vari&#225;veis com os desfechos estudados</title>
          <sec>
            <title>Desfecho mortalidade por qualquer causa</title>
            <p>Aplicou-se o modelo multivariado de Cox para o desfecho mortalidade por
                     qualquer causa (tempo entre realiza&#231;&#227;o da RMC e ocorr&#234;ncia de morte),
                     utilizando-se as vari&#225;veis selecionadas pelo EN (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t08">Tabela 3</xref>).</p>
            <table-wrap id="t08">
              <label>Tabela 3</label>
              <caption>
                <title>Modelo de Cox para o desfecho mortalidade por qualquer causa</title>
              </caption>
              <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th align="left">Vari&#225;veis</th>
                    <th align="center">Coeficiente</th>
                    <th align="center">EP</th>
                    <th align="center">Valor de p</th>
                    <th align="center">HR</th>
                    <th align="center">IC95%</th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                    <td>
                      <bold>Dados cl&#237;nicos e demogr&#225;ficos</bold>
                    </td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>Idade (anos)</td>
                    <td align="center">0,082</td>
                    <td align="center">0,012</td>
                    <td align="center">&lt; 0,0001</td>
                    <td align="center">1,08</td>
                    <td align="center">1,06-1,11</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>Diabetes melito</td>
                    <td align="center">0,516</td>
                    <td align="center">0,246</td>
                    <td align="center">0,036</td>
                    <td align="center">1,67</td>
                    <td align="center">1,03-2,71</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                    <td>
                      <bold>Tratamento</bold>
                    </td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>Apenas cl&#237;nico</td>
                    <td align="center">Refer&#234;ncia</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>ICP</td>
                    <td align="center">-0,368</td>
                    <td align="center">0,291</td>
                    <td align="center">0,21</td>
                    <td align="center">0,69</td>
                    <td align="center">0,39-1,22</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>CRVM</td>
                    <td align="center">-0,883</td>
                    <td align="center">0,429</td>
                    <td align="center">0,039</td>
                    <td align="center">0,41</td>
                    <td align="center">0,18-0,96</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>Creatinina s&#233;rica (mg/dL)</td>
                    <td align="center">0,510</td>
                    <td align="center">0,223</td>
                    <td align="center">0,022</td>
                    <td align="center">1,67</td>
                    <td align="center">1,08-2,58</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>IAM pr&#233;vio</td>
                    <td align="center">0,486</td>
                    <td align="center">0,296</td>
                    <td align="center">0,10</td>
                    <td align="center">1,63</td>
                    <td align="center">0,91-2,90</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                    <td>
                      <bold>Dados RMC</bold>
                    </td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>Massa infartada (%)</td>
                    <td align="center">0,048</td>
                    <td align="center">0,014</td>
                    <td align="center">0,0008</td>
                    <td align="center">1,05</td>
                    <td align="center">1,02-1,08</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>IAM anterior</td>
                    <td align="center">0,486</td>
                    <td align="center">0,277</td>
                    <td align="center">0,079</td>
                    <td align="center">1,63</td>
                    <td align="center">0,94-2,80</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>Fun&#231;&#227;o VE moderada/grave</td>
                    <td align="center">1,054</td>
                    <td align="center">0,304</td>
                    <td align="center">0,0005</td>
                    <td align="center">2,87</td>
                    <td align="center">1,58-5,20</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                    <td>
                      <bold>Tipo do IAM</bold>
                    </td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>Transmural</td>
                    <td align="center">Refer&#234;ncia</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                    <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>N&#227;o transmural</td>
                    <td align="center">0,867</td>
                    <td align="center">0,436</td>
                    <td align="center">0,047</td>
                    <td align="center">2,38</td>
                    <td align="center">1,01-5,60</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>Misto</td>
                    <td align="center">0,495</td>
                    <td align="center">0,318</td>
                    <td align="center">0,11</td>
                    <td align="center">1,64</td>
                    <td align="center">0,88-3,06</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td colspan="6">&#160;</td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
              <table-wrap-foot>
                <fn>
                  <p>EP: erro padr&#227;o do coeficiente; HR: hazard ratio (raz&#227;o de risco);
                              IC95%: intervalo de confian&#231;a de 95%; ICP: interven&#231;&#227;o coronariana
                              percut&#226;nea; CRVM: cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica; IAM:
                              infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; RMC: resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca; VE:
                              ventr&#237;culo esquerdo.</p>
                </fn>
              </table-wrap-foot>
            </table-wrap>
            <p>Entre os dados da RMC, o modelo identificou, como vari&#225;veis independentes:
                     disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular moderada ou grave, MI e IAM tipo NTM. O modelo tamb&#233;m
                     identificou como independentes as seguintes vari&#225;veis cl&#237;nicas ou demogr&#225;ficas:
                     idade, diabetes melito e creatinina s&#233;rica. Verificou-se tamb&#233;m associa&#231;&#227;o
                     inversa do tratamento por revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica cir&#250;rgica com a
                     mortalidade.</p>
            <p>A vari&#225;vel MET-IAM foi testada aplicando-se novamente o modelo multivariado de
                     Cox, por&#233;m ela n&#227;o se apresentou como vari&#225;vel significativa para mortalidade
                     geral (p = 0,25).</p>
            <p>A &#225;rvore de sobrevida identificou a idade no exame, com ponto de corte em 69,7
                     anos, como a vari&#225;vel explicativa de maior relev&#226;ncia para mortalidade
                     geral.</p>
          </sec>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Desfecho mortalidade por doen&#231;as do aparelho circulat&#243;rio</title>
          <p>As vari&#225;veis selecionadas pelo EN para o desfecho mortalidade por doen&#231;as do
                  aparelho circulat&#243;rio foram: idade, diabetes melito, tipo de tratamento,
                  creatinina s&#233;rica, MI (%), IAM de localiza&#231;&#227;o anterior, disfun&#231;&#227;o de VE moderada
                  ou grave, transmuralidade do IAM, IAM pr&#233;vio, tempo IAM-RMC (dias), sexo
                  masculino, SegIAM NTM e no <italic>reflow</italic>.</p>
          <p>O modelo de Cox identificou, dentre as vari&#225;veis demogr&#225;ficas ou cl&#237;nicas, a idade
                  (p &lt; 0,0001) e a creatinina s&#233;rica (p = 0,001) como vari&#225;veis independentes.
                  Entre as vari&#225;veis de RMC, identificaram-se: disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular (<italic>Hazard
                     Ratio</italic> &#8722; HR: 3,34; Intervalo de Confian&#231;a de 95% &#8722; IC95%: 1,35-8,24; p
                  = 0,008), MI (HR: 1,10; IC95%: 1,05&#8209;1,15; p = 0,0001) e IAM pr&#233;vio (HR: 2,87;
                  IC95%: 1,04-7,89; p = 0,041). A presen&#231;a de IAM misto tamb&#233;m foi fator
                  identificado com signific&#226;ncia &lt; 10% (p = 0,055).</p>
          <p>A vari&#225;vel MET-IAM foi testada aplicando-se novamente o modelo multivariado de
                  Cox. A <xref ref-type="table" rid="t09">Tabela 4</xref> representa as vari&#225;veis
                  independentes identificadas no novo modelo. Observou-se que fun&#231;&#227;o do VE
                  moderada/grave, idade, creatinina s&#233;rica e MET-IAM de graus 3 ou 4 foram vari&#225;veis
                  independentes referentes ao desfecho &#243;bito por doen&#231;as do aparelho
                  circulat&#243;rio.</p>
          <table-wrap id="t09">
            <label>Tabela 4</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Modelo de Cox para o desfecho mortalidade por doen&#231;as do aparelho
                        circulat&#243;rio, com a inclus&#227;o da vari&#225;vel MET-IAM</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Vari&#225;veis</th>
                  <th align="center">Coeficiente</th>
                  <th align="center">EP</th>
                  <th align="center">Valor de p</th>
                  <th align="center">HR</th>
                  <th align="center">IC95%</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>Idade (anos)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,077</td>
                  <td align="center">0,019</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,0001</td>
                  <td align="center">1,08</td>
                  <td align="center">1,04-1,12</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Diabetes melito</td>
                  <td align="center">0,441</td>
                  <td align="center">0,390</td>
                  <td align="center">0,26</td>
                  <td align="center">1,55</td>
                  <td align="center">0,72-3,34</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Tratamento</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Cl&#237;nico</td>
                  <td align="center">Refer&#234;ncia</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">0,13</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>ICP</td>
                  <td align="center">-0,830</td>
                  <td align="center">0,479</td>
                  <td align="center">0,083</td>
                  <td align="center">0,44</td>
                  <td align="center">0,17-1,12</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>CRVM</td>
                  <td align="center">-0,885</td>
                  <td align="center">0,599</td>
                  <td align="center">0,13</td>
                  <td align="center">0,41</td>
                  <td align="center">0,13-1,33</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Creatinina s&#233;rica (mg/dL)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,899</td>
                  <td align="center">0,303</td>
                  <td align="center">0,003</td>
                  <td align="center">2,46</td>
                  <td align="center">1,36-4,44</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>IAM anterior</td>
                  <td align="center">0,347</td>
                  <td align="center">0,423</td>
                  <td align="center">0,41</td>
                  <td align="center">1,41</td>
                  <td align="center">0,62-3,24</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Fun&#231;&#227;o VE moderada/grave</td>
                  <td align="center">1,152</td>
                  <td align="center">0,420</td>
                  <td align="center">0,006</td>
                  <td align="center">3,16</td>
                  <td align="center">1,39-7,20</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>IAM pr&#233;vio</td>
                  <td align="center">0,949</td>
                  <td align="center">0,516</td>
                  <td align="center">0,066</td>
                  <td align="center">2,58</td>
                  <td align="center">0,94-7,11</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Tempo IAM-RMC (dias)</td>
                  <td align="center">-0,0016</td>
                  <td align="center">0,001</td>
                  <td align="center">0,10</td>
                  <td align="center">1,00</td>
                  <td align="center">1,00-1,00</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Sexo masculino</td>
                  <td align="center">-0,533</td>
                  <td align="center">0,448</td>
                  <td align="center">0,23</td>
                  <td align="center">0,59</td>
                  <td align="center">0,24-1,41</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>No reflow</td>
                  <td align="center">0,513</td>
                  <td align="center">0,701</td>
                  <td align="center">0,46</td>
                  <td align="center">1,67</td>
                  <td align="center">0,42-6,59</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Vari&#225;vel MET-IAM</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>1</td>
                  <td align="center">Refer&#234;ncia</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>2</td>
                  <td align="center">0,028</td>
                  <td align="center">0,733</td>
                  <td align="center">0,97</td>
                  <td align="center">1,03</td>
                  <td align="center">0,24-4,33</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>3</td>
                  <td align="center">1,399</td>
                  <td align="center">0,612</td>
                  <td align="center">0,022</td>
                  <td align="center">4,05</td>
                  <td align="center">1,22-13,44</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>4</td>
                  <td align="center">2,152</td>
                  <td align="center">0,618</td>
                  <td align="center">0,0005</td>
                  <td align="center">8,60</td>
                  <td align="center">2,56-28,90</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn>
                <p>EP: erro padr&#227;o do coeficiente; HR: hazard ratio (raz&#227;o de risco); IC95%:
                           intervalo de confian&#231;a de 95%; ICP: interven&#231;&#227;o coronariana percut&#226;nea;
                           CRVM: cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica; VE: ventr&#237;culo esquerdo;
                           IAM: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; RMC: resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>&#193;rvore de sobrevida para o desfecho mortalidade por doen&#231;as do aparelho
                  circulat&#243;rio</title>
          <p>A &#225;rvore de sobrevida (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f04">Figura 1</xref>) identificou
                  a fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular, categorizada como moderada ou grave vs. leve ou normal, como
                  a vari&#225;vel explicativa de maior relev&#226;ncia para a classifica&#231;&#227;o de sobreviventes e
                  de &#243;bitos por doen&#231;as do aparelho circulat&#243;rio. A vari&#225;vel idade tamb&#233;m se
                  apresentou como relevante no modelo.</p>
          <fig id="f04" fig-type="other">
            <label>Figura 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#193;rvore de sobrevida para o desfecho mortalidade por doen&#231;as do aparelho
                        circulat&#243;rio. (1) Fun&#231;&#227;o do VE normal; (2) disfun&#231;&#227;o do VE leve; (3)
                        disfun&#231;&#227;o do VE moderada; (4) disfun&#231;&#227;o do VE grave. VE: ventr&#237;culo
                        esquerdo.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-02-0159-40177-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Avalia&#231;&#227;o conjunta das vari&#225;veis MET- IAM e fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular</title>
          <p>A <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f05">Figura 2</xref> representa as curvas de sobrevida
                  de Kaplan&#8209;Meier para o desfecho mortalidade por doen&#231;as do aparelho circulat&#243;rio,
                  classificadas em quatro grupos, conforme altera&#231;&#227;o relevante da vari&#225;vel composta
                  MET&#8209;IAM (definida pelo corte &#8805; 3) e da fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular esquerda (definida pela
                  presen&#231;a de disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular moderada ou grave).</p>
          <fig id="f05" fig-type="other">
            <label>Figura 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Curvas de sobrevida de Kaplan-Meier para o desfecho mortalidade por
                        doen&#231;as do aparelho circulat&#243;rio, de acordo com a vari&#225;vel MET-IAM e a
                        fun&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo. Grupo A: disfun&#231;&#227;o ausente e MET-IAM graus 1
                        ou 2; Grupo B: disfun&#231;&#227;o ausente e MET-IAM graus 3 ou 4; Grupo C: disfun&#231;&#227;o
                        moderada ou grave e MET-IAM graus 1 ou 2; Grupo D: disfun&#231;&#227;o moderada ou
                        grave e MET-IAM graus 3 ou 4.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-02-0159-40177-gf02-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          <p>Observou-se significativa menor sobrevida do subgrupo com altera&#231;&#227;o relevante em
                  ambas as vari&#225;veis, quando comparado ao subgrupo sem altera&#231;&#245;es. Os subgrupos com
                  altera&#231;&#227;o em apenas uma vari&#225;vel manifestaram sobrevida intermedi&#225;ria, por&#233;m
                  significativamente inferior ao subgrupo sem altera&#231;&#245;es.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Desfecho mortalidade por doen&#231;a isqu&#234;mica card&#237;aca</title>
          <p>As vari&#225;veis selecionadas pelo EN para o desfecho mortalidade por DIC foram:
                  idade, diabetes melito, creatinina s&#233;rica, MI (%), disfun&#231;&#227;o de VE moderada ou
                  grave, transmuralidade do IAM, IAM pr&#233;vio e SegIAM NTM.</p>
          <p>O modelo de Cox aplicado para tais vari&#225;veis verificou que, entre as vari&#225;veis da
                  RMC, a MI foi a que demonstrou valor independente (HR: 1,09; IC95%: 1,03-1,15; p =
                  0,0015). Entre as vari&#225;veis cl&#237;nicas e demogr&#225;ficas, foi documentado valor
                  independente para idade (HR: 1,08; IC95%: 1,03-1,13; p = 0,001), creatinina s&#233;rica
                  (HR: 2,62; IC95%: 1,35-5,03; p = 0,004) e IAM pr&#233;vio (HR: 2,87; IC95%: 1,04-7,89;
                  p = 0,041).</p>
          <p>A <xref ref-type="table" rid="t10">Tabela 5</xref> mostra o resultado do modelo de
                  regress&#227;o de Cox aplicado com a vari&#225;vel MET-IAM. A vari&#225;vel MET-IAM exibiu raz&#227;o
                  de risco crescente, conforme sua gradua&#231;&#227;o, exibindo valor independente para os
                  graus 3 ou 4, e foi a vari&#225;vel no modelo que cursou com maior raz&#227;o de risco.</p>
          <table-wrap id="t10">
            <label>Tabela 5</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Modelo de Cox para o desfecho mortalidade por doen&#231;a isqu&#234;mica card&#237;aca,
                        com inclus&#227;o da vari&#225;vel MET-IAM</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Vari&#225;veis</th>
                  <th align="center">Coeficiente</th>
                  <th align="center">EP</th>
                  <th align="center">Valor de p</th>
                  <th align="center">HR</th>
                  <th align="center">IC95%</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>Idade (anos)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,064</td>
                  <td align="center">0,021</td>
                  <td align="center">0,003</td>
                  <td align="center">1,07</td>
                  <td align="center">1,02-1,11</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Diabetes melito</td>
                  <td align="center">0,690</td>
                  <td align="center">0,463</td>
                  <td align="center">0,14</td>
                  <td align="center">1,99</td>
                  <td align="center">0,80-4,95</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Creatinina s&#233;rica (mg/dL)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,797</td>
                  <td align="center">0,342</td>
                  <td align="center">0,019</td>
                  <td align="center">2,22</td>
                  <td align="center">1,13-4,34</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Fun&#231;&#227;o VE moderada/grave</td>
                  <td align="center">0,623</td>
                  <td align="center">0,485</td>
                  <td align="center">0,20</td>
                  <td align="center">1,86</td>
                  <td align="center">0,72-4,82</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>IAM pr&#233;vio</td>
                  <td align="center">1,310</td>
                  <td align="center">0,574</td>
                  <td align="center">0,022</td>
                  <td align="center">3,71</td>
                  <td align="center">1,20-11,4</td>
                </tr>
                <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid;border-top-width:thin;border-top-style:solid">
                  <td>
                    <bold>Vari&#225;vel MET-IAM</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Grau 1</td>
                  <td align="center">Refer&#234;ncia</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                  <td align="center">&#160;</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Grau 2</td>
                  <td align="center">1,222</td>
                  <td align="center">0,973</td>
                  <td align="center">0,21</td>
                  <td align="center">3,39</td>
                  <td align="center">0,50-22,8</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Grau 3</td>
                  <td align="center">2,056</td>
                  <td align="center">0,906</td>
                  <td align="center">0,023</td>
                  <td align="center">7,82</td>
                  <td align="center">1,32-46,2</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Grau 4</td>
                  <td align="center">2,775</td>
                  <td align="center">0,921</td>
                  <td align="center">0,003</td>
                  <td align="center">16,04</td>
                  <td align="center">2,64-97,5</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn>
                <p>EP: erro padr&#227;o do coeficiente; HR: hazard ratio (raz&#227;o de risco); IC95%:
                           intervalo de confian&#231;a de 95%; IAM: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; VE:
                           ventr&#237;culo esquerdo.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>&#193;rvore de sobrevida</title>
          <p>A &#225;rvore de sobrevida (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f06">Figura 3</xref>) identificou
                  a MI como vari&#225;vel explicativa relevante, com ponto de corte em 21,0%, para o
                  desfecho mortalidade por DIC.</p>
          <fig id="f06" fig-type="other">
            <label>Figura 3</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#193;rvore de sobrevida para o desfecho mortalidade por doen&#231;as do aparelho
                        circulat&#243;rio. MI: massa infartada.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-104-02-0159-40177-gf03-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
        <p>Estudos que avaliaram os dados obtidos pela RMC p&#243;s-IAM adotaram, em sua maioria,
               desfechos compostos envolvendo ocorr&#234;ncia de insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca descompensada,
               reinfarto, arritmias ventriculares e morte; o tempo de seguimento foi, em m&#233;dia, de 2
                  anos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>.</p>
        <p>Kwong e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref> reportaram relevante estudo
               sobre o valor do realce tardio documentado pela RMC em popula&#231;&#227;o com suspeita de
               coronariopatia, verificando que a presen&#231;a de IAM subcl&#237;nico, verificado pela RMC,
               foi o fator mais significativamente associado ao risco de eventos e mortalidade. De
               forma distinta, o enfoque do presente estudo foi avaliar o papel da RMC ap&#243;s
               documenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica de IAM.</p>
        <p>Outros estudos avaliaram pacientes portadores de cardiopatia isqu&#234;mica em fase mais
               avan&#231;ada e obtiveram acompanhamento mais prolongado<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref>, por&#233;m o presente
               estudo apresentou o maior tempo de seguimento.</p>
        <p>Outro aspecto diferencial deste estudo foi a verifica&#231;&#227;o da causa b&#225;sica da morte
               pelos dados do DO. Cheong e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref> obtiveram,
               de forma semelhante, dados da mortalidade, pelo sistema informatizado de seguridade
               social, por&#233;m sem a defini&#231;&#227;o da causa do &#243;bito.</p>
        <p>A popula&#231;&#227;o estudada apresentou caracter&#237;sticas demogr&#225;ficas e cl&#237;nicas compat&#237;veis
               com o encontrado em registros e estudos nacionais<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>, e em dados
                  internacionais<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>. A m&#233;dia de idade de 62
               anos encontra-se entre os valores encontrados para pacientes com IAM no registro
                  ACCEPT<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>.</p>
        <p>Bello e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref> investigaram o valor do realce
               tardio fornecido pela RMC em cem coronariopatas em fase est&#225;vel e observaram, em
               concord&#226;ncia com nossos achados, uma associa&#231;&#227;o independente das vari&#225;veis fun&#231;&#227;o
               ventricular, MI e diabetes melito com mortalidade; tamb&#233;m o tabagismo foi mais
               prevalente no subgrupo de sobreviventes. Esses achados podem ser potencialmente
               atribu&#237;dos &#224; grande preval&#234;ncia de pacientes de maior gravidade portadores de doen&#231;a
               coronariana pr&#233;via (49,2% com IAM pr&#233;vio neste estudo), os quais provavelmente
               abandonaram o tabagismo antes do epis&#243;dio index do IAM.</p>
        <p>Quatro var&#225;veis cl&#237;nicas nos pareceram sempre significantes para tentar prever morte
               p&#243;s-IAM, seja no nosso estudo, seja em outros<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>, quais sejam:
               idade, disfun&#231;&#227;o renal (expressa pela creatinina s&#233;rica), hist&#243;ria de IAM pr&#233;vio,
               disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular esquerda e diabetes melito.</p>
        <p>A associa&#231;&#227;o entre o tipo de IAM com mortalidade foi verificada para o IAM tipo NTM
               ou misto, salientando o potencial risco anat&#244;mico para fen&#244;menos arr&#237;tmicos ou
               isqu&#234;micos referido para o infarto NTM11 ou cicatriz hererog&#234;nea<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">27</xref>.</p>
        <p>A MI se manteve como vari&#225;vel de magnitude do IAM, com valor independente no presente
               estudo e em acordo com a maioria dos estudos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B06">6</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>. O valor independente para disfun&#231;&#227;o
               ventricular foi mais encontrado nos estudos que tamb&#233;m adotaram como desfecho a
               mortalidade por qualquer causa<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref>, mas tamb&#233;m foi
               significativa para prever eventos cardiovasculares combinados a curto prazo
                  p&#243;s-IAM<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>. Isso tamb&#233;m foi constatado no presente estudo, que
               identificou idade e fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular como vari&#225;veis explicativas para o desfecho
               mortalidade por qualquer causa.</p>
        <p>O ensaio cl&#237;nico randomizado multic&#234;ntrico DETERMINE<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref> avaliou o uso profil&#225;tico de cardiodesfibrilador implant&#225;vel em
               pacientes p&#243;s-IAM guiado pelo dado de MI pela RMC, adotando valor de corte de 10%
               para RMC em fase tardia ou de 15% para RMC em fase aguda, fundamentados em achados
                  pr&#233;vios<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">29</xref> do risco arritmog&#234;nico da
               cicatriz do IAM.</p>
        <p>No presente estudo, observou-se, pela curva ROC, valor de corte de MI de 14% para o
               desfecho mortalidade geral, mas, para o desfecho mortalidade por DIC, a &#225;rvore de
               sobrevida identificou a MI como vari&#225;vel relevante para um valor de corte superior
               (21,0%).</p>
        <p>Izquierdo e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> estudaram 440 pacientes na
               fase aguda do IAM observados por 2 anos. A ocorr&#234;ncia de eventos combinados (morte ou
               arritmias ventriculares graves) esteve associada de forma independente com a MI,
               por&#233;m ocorreram predominantemente na presen&#231;a de disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular. De forma
               distinta, no presente estudo, no subgrupo sem disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular significativa, a
               presen&#231;a de MET-IAM de grau &#8805; 3 esteve associada a menor sobrevida. O maior tempo de
               seguimento e a elevada raz&#227;o de risco observada para essa vari&#225;vel podem justificar
               tal observa&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Limita&#231;&#245;es do estudo</title>
          <p>Estudo retrospectivo que avaliou uma s&#233;rie de casos, representantes da casu&#237;stica
                  parcial dos pacientes internados por IAM, sendo um subgrupo selecionado como de
                  melhor progn&#243;stico, para o qual foi indicada a realiza&#231;&#227;o de RMC. Estudou&#8209;se uma
                  popula&#231;&#227;o em distintos est&#225;gios evolutivos p&#243;s&#8209;IAM, uma vez que se adotou o exame
                  de RMC como refer&#234;ncia.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
        <p>Os achados gerais deste estudo refor&#231;am a capacidade dos dados cl&#237;nicos e da fun&#231;&#227;o
               ventricular para predi&#231;&#227;o de risco ap&#243;s infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio. No entanto, dados
               anat&#244;micos do infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio fornecidos pela resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica
               card&#237;aca exibiram associa&#231;&#227;o independente com mortalidade em longo prazo, sobretudo
               para morte por doen&#231;a isqu&#234;mica card&#237;aca, podendo contribuir para a identifica&#231;&#227;o de
               risco em casos selecionados.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo foi financiado parcialmente por CAPES. </p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Este artigo &#233; parte da tese de doutorado dos autores Jo&#227;o Luiz Fernandes Petriz
                  (doutorando), Bas&#237;lio de Bragan&#231;a Pereira e Nelson Albuquerque de Souza e Silva
                  (orientadores) pelo Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Medicina Cardiologia da Faculdade
                  de Medicina/ Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad - Universidade Federal do Rio de
                  Janeiro (UFRJ).</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
      <ack>
        <title>Agradecimentos</title>
        <p>Os autores expressam seus sinceros agradecimentos aos seguintes colaboradores: &#194;ngela
               Maria Casc&#227;o (Secretaria Estadual de Sa&#250;de - RJ); Dr. Jorge Moll Filho (Rede D&#8217;Or S&#227;o
               Luiz); Dr. F&#225;bio Vilas-Boas Pinto (Hospital Espanhol da Bahia); Dr. Carlos Eduardo
               Rochitte (InCor-USP); Dr. Bernardo Rangel Tura (INC - RJ); Dra. Gl&#225;ucia M. Moraes de
               Oliveira e Estat. Ros&#226;ngela Martins (UFRJ); Eng. Luis Ant&#244;nio Mendon&#231;a (IME); Profa.
               Maria L&#250;cia Brand&#227;o (Faculdade de Educa&#231;&#227;o - UFF); Dra. Martha Savedra, Dr. Pl&#237;nio
               Resende do Carmo Jr, Dra. Andr&#233;a C. Parise Fontes, Dra. Mariana M. Can&#225;rio da Silva,
               Dra. Daniele Guedes, Dr. Andr&#233; Casarsa Marques, Dr. Rafael Aron Abtibol e Dr. Ricardo
               G. Gusm&#227;o Oliveira (Hospital Barra D&#8217;Or-RJ); Dr. Denilson Campos de Albuquerque, Dra.
               Fernanda Tovar Moll e Dr. Jorge Moll Neto (Instituto D&#8217;Or de Ensino e
               Pesquisa-RJ).</p>
      </ack>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
