<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" dtd-version="3.0" article-type="case-report" xml:lang="pt">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">B6M4SKjTZ8bT9tJwszwGYTt</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2014000400015</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00015</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20140045</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Correla&#231;&#227;o Cl&#237;nico-radiogr&#225;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="pt">Caso 3/2014 - Homem de 26 Anos com Atresia Pulmonar e
               Comunica&#231;&#227;o Interventricular em Evolu&#231;&#227;o Tardia P&#243;s-operat&#243;ria</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Atik</surname>
            <given-names>Edmar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c01"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Cl&#237;nica privada do Dr. Edmar Atik</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
            <country>Brasil</country>
          </addr-line>
          <institution content-type="original">Cl&#237;nica privada do Dr. Edmar Atik, S&#227;o Paulo, SP
                  - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Edmar Atik</bold>, Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 74, conj. 73, Bela
               Vista. CEP 01308-050, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil. E-mail:
               <email>eatik@cardiol.br</email>, <email>conatik@incor.usp.br</email>
            </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>102</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <elocation-id>e34</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2013</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2013</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2013</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
                  Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License which permits unrestricted
                  non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
                  original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Atresia pulmonar / cirurgia</kwd>
        <kwd>Comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular</kwd>
        <kwd>Adulto</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="2"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="0"/>
        <page-count count="3"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p><bold>Dados cl&#237;nicos</bold>: A corre&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica da atresia pulmonar com comunica&#231;&#227;o
         interventricular e vasos colaterais sistemicopulmonares foi realizada em tr&#234;s etapas. A
         primeira, com 19 meses, com unifica&#231;&#227;o de colateral grande ao lobo superior direito (8 mm)
         para a art&#233;ria pulmonar direita (APD), a qual nutria o lobo inferior direito, al&#233;m de
         anastomose de Blalock-Taussig, da art&#233;ria subcl&#225;via direita com a pr&#243;pria colateral. A
         segunda, com 27 meses, com unifica&#231;&#227;o da colateral para o lobo inferior esquerdo com a
         art&#233;ria pulmonar esquerda (APE) de 4 mm e Blalock-Taussig &#224; esquerda com tubo de 6 mm no
         hilo pulmonar. A terceira, com nove anos, com coloca&#231;&#227;o de tubo de peric&#225;rdio corrugado
         valvado n.&#186; 18, al&#233;m de amplia&#231;&#227;o da APE e da anastomose da APD com a art&#233;ria lobar
         superior direita. A evolu&#231;&#227;o imediata foi considerada boa, com press&#227;o sist&#243;lica pulmonar
         de 22 mmHg. A evolu&#231;&#227;o tardia foi boa, at&#233; 26 anos de idade, mantendo-se sem sintomas e sem
         medica&#231;&#227;o. </p>
    <p><bold>Exame f&#237;sico:</bold> Bom estado geral, eupneico, acian&#243;tico, pulsos normais. Peso: 74
         kg; altura: 183 cm; PA = 105/70 mmHg; FC: 86 bpm. Aorta palpada discretamente, com sopro
         sist&#243;lico discreto na f&#250;rcula. </p>
    <p>No prec&#243;rdio, o <italic>ictus cordis</italic> n&#227;o era palpado e n&#227;o havia impuls&#245;es
         sist&#243;licas. As bulhas card&#237;acas eram normofon&#233;ticas e auscultava-se sopro sist&#243;lico
         moderado, ++ de intensidade, rude, na borda esternal esquerda (BEE), sem fr&#234;mito. Havia
         sopro diast&#243;lico discreto, +/++, na BEE. F&#237;gado n&#227;o palpado e pulm&#245;es limpos. </p>
    <sec>
      <title>Exames complementares</title>
      <p><bold>Eletrocardiograma:</bold> Mostrava ritmo sinusal, sobrecarga moderada de
            ventr&#237;culo direito (VD) sem bloqueio do ramo direito. Morfologia Rs em V1 e qRs em V6.
            At&#233; h&#225; seis anos manteve morfologia rsr' em V1. A dura&#231;&#227;o do QRS era de 0,94 desde a
            corre&#231;&#227;o total. AP: +70&#186;, AQRS: +90&#186;, AT: +70&#186;. </p>
      <p><bold>Radiografia de t&#243;rax:</bold> Mostra &#225;rea card&#237;aca normal, forma arredondada e
            trama vascular pulmonar normal (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figura 1</xref>). </p>
      <fig id="f01" fig-type="other">
        <label>Figura 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>A radiografia de t&#243;rax salienta o tamanho normal da &#225;rea card&#237;aca, e a RNM em
                  di&#225;stole (A) e em s&#237;stole (B) mostra o tamanho e a fun&#231;&#227;o normais dos dois
                  ventr&#237;culos.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0e34-40045-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
      <p><bold>Ecocardiograma:</bold> Mostrou cavidades card&#237;acas com dimens&#245;es normais, sem
            hipertrofia mioc&#225;rdica (septo = parede posterior = 10 mm) e gradiente de press&#227;o m&#225;ximo
            de 83 mmHg e m&#233;dio de 47 mmHg na via de sa&#237;da do ventr&#237;culo direito. A insufici&#234;ncia
            pulmonar era acentuada e a fun&#231;&#227;o biventricular normal (VD: 70% e VE: 74%). A APE tinha
            14 mm e a APD 20 mm. </p>
      <p><bold>Resson&#226;ncia nuclear magn&#233;tica:</bold> Mostrou fra&#231;&#227;o de regurgita&#231;&#227;o pulmonar de
            50% com VD discretamente dilatado (Vd2VD = 110 ml). Fun&#231;&#227;o de VD = 81% e de VE = 64%
               (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figura 1</xref>). Aorta ascendente = 46 mm, Vd2VE =
            55 ml; n&#227;o foi detectado realce tardio mioc&#225;rdico. </p>
      <p><bold>Cateterismo card&#237;aco:</bold> Mostrou obstru&#231;&#227;o em n&#237;vel valvar pulmonar (gradiente
            de press&#227;o de 82 mmHg), acentuada insufici&#234;ncia pulmonar e ventr&#237;culo direito de tamanho
            normal com contratilidade biventricular normal. Havia estenose moderada (13 mm) na APE
            (20 mm) e de tamanho similar &#224; APD (21 mm). A &#225;rvore pulmonar perif&#233;rica estava
            preservada. As press&#245;es eram: AD = 5, VD = 110/10, APD = 28/10-16, APE = 20/10-13, CP =
            10 mmHg (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figura 2</xref>). </p>
      <fig id="f02" fig-type="other">
        <label>Figura 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Angiografia card&#237;aca salienta a estenose valvar pulmonar no tubo VD-TP com
                  ventr&#237;culo direito hipertr&#243;fico, em A e B, e a estenose da art&#233;ria pulmonar
                  esquerda com desenvolvimento maior da art&#233;ria pulmonar direita, em C e D.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0e34-40045-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
      <p><bold>Diagn&#243;stico cl&#237;nico: </bold>Atresia pulmonar, comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular,
            circula&#231;&#227;o pulmonar nutrida por colaterais sistemicopulmonares corrigida h&#225; 17 anos com
            unifica&#231;&#245;es pulmonares e tubo valvado, com dupla les&#227;o pulmonar acentuada e manuten&#231;&#227;o
            de VD de dimens&#227;o e fun&#231;&#227;o normais em paciente assintom&#225;tico. </p>
      <p><bold>Racioc&#237;nio cl&#237;nico: </bold>Os elementos cl&#237;nicos evolutivos eram compat&#237;veis com o
            diagn&#243;stico de obstru&#231;&#227;o moderada na via de sa&#237;da do ventr&#237;culo direito, com sinais de
            insufici&#234;ncia valvar pulmonar de grau acentuado, mas sem aumento correspondente do VD. O
            sopro sist&#243;lico n&#237;tido com sobrecarga moderada de ventr&#237;culo direito no
            eletrocardiograma concordava com o gradiente de press&#227;o de 82 mmHg encontrado no
            cateterismo card&#237;aco. O sopro diast&#243;lico n&#227;o era acompanhado de exterioriza&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica
            de dilata&#231;&#227;o de VD, apesar do diagn&#243;stico de insufici&#234;ncia pulmonar acentuada nos exames
            de imagem. </p>
      <p><bold>Diagn&#243;stico diferencial: </bold>Ap&#243;s a corre&#231;&#227;o anat&#244;mica da AP + CIV com
            coloca&#231;&#227;o de tubos valvados, observa-se habitualmente a presen&#231;a de dupla les&#227;o valvar
            pulmonar cujo diagn&#243;stico diferencial se inclina para casos com tetralogia de Fallot
            operados e outras anomalias nas quais se realiza a amplia&#231;&#227;o do anel valvar pulmonar. </p>
      <p><bold>Conduta:</bold> Foi orientada para a coloca&#231;&#227;o de pr&#243;tese com <italic>stent
            </italic>valvulado do tipo Melody no tubo valvado obstru&#237;do, al&#233;m da coloca&#231;&#227;o posterior
            de <italic>stent </italic>no in&#237;cio da APE obstru&#237;da. </p>
      <p><bold>Coment&#225;rios: </bold>A evolu&#231;&#227;o p&#243;s-operat&#243;ria ap&#243;s a corre&#231;&#227;o de AP + CIV + vasos
            colaterais sistemicopulmonares em v&#225;rias etapas de procedimentos at&#233; a obten&#231;&#227;o da
            corre&#231;&#227;o total, em geral, se mostra de boa evolu&#231;&#227;o exceto pelo sistem&#225;tico aparecimento
            da dupla les&#227;o valvar pulmonar. Chamam a aten&#231;&#227;o no caso descrito, no entanto, dois
            aspectos a serem destacados. O primeiro &#233; a discord&#226;ncia do grau acentuado da
            insufici&#234;ncia pulmonar com a cavidade normal do ventr&#237;culo direito, o que caracteriza a
            menor complac&#234;ncia desse ventr&#237;culo por motivos ainda desconhecidos, tendendo &#224;
            aceita&#231;&#227;o de haver caracter&#237;sticas morfofuncionais a serem mais bem elucidadas. O outro
            aspecto de realce &#233; o de que essa anomalia t&#227;o complexa se torna sem d&#250;vida pass&#237;vel da
            obten&#231;&#227;o de corre&#231;&#227;o adequada desde que se consiga, nas etapas iniciais, a ampla
            uniformiza&#231;&#227;o da &#225;rvore arterial pulmonar.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="SA1" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Clinicoradiological Session</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Case 3/2014 - 26-year-old Man with Pulmonary Atresia and
               Ventricular Septal Defect in Late Postoperative Evolution</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Atik</surname>
            <given-names>Edmar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c02"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <institution content-type="original">Cl&#237;nica privada do Dr. Edmar Atik, S&#227;o Paulo, SP
                  - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c02"><bold>Mailing address: Edmar Atik</bold>, Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 74, conj. 73, Bela
               Vista. Postal Code 01308-050, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil. E-mail:
                  <email>eatik@cardiol.br</email>, <email>conatik@incor.usp.br</email>
            </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Pulmonary atresia / surgery</kwd>
        <kwd>Heart septal defects, ventricular</kwd>
        <kwd>Adult</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p><bold>Clinical data: </bold>Surgical correction of pulmonary atresia with ventricular
            septal defect and aortopulmonary collateral arteries was performed in three steps. The
            first one, with 19 months, with the unification of major collateral artery in the right
            upper lobe (8 mm) to the right pulmonary artery (RPA), which nurtured the right lower
            lobe, and Blalock-Taussig anastomosis from the right subclavian artery with its own
            collateral artery. The second one, with 27 months, with unification of the collateral
            artery to the left lower lobe with the left pulmonary artery (LPA) of 4 mm and
            Blalock-Taussig to the left with 6 mm tube in the pulmonary hilum. The third one, with
            nine years, with no. 18 valved corrugated pericardium tube placement and expansion of
            LPA and RPA anastomosis with right upper lobe artery. Immediate evolution was considered
            good, with pulmonary systolic pressure of 22 mmHg. Late evolution was good until the age
            of 26, remaining without symptoms and without medication. </p>
      <p><bold>Physical examination: </bold>Good general condition, eupneic, acyanotic, normal
            pulses. Weight: 74 kg; height: 183 cm; BP = 105/70 mmHg; HR: 86 bpm. Aorta discreetly
            palpated with mild systolic murmur at the suprasternal notch. </p>
      <p>In the precordium, apical impulse was not palpable and there were no systolic impulses.
            The heart sounds were normal and moderate systolic murmur of ++ intensity was harsh
            across the left sternal border (LSB), not accompanied by fremitus. Diastolic murmur was
            mild, +/++, at the LSB. The liver was not palpable and the lungs were clear. </p>
      <sec>
        <title>Complementary tests</title>
        <p><bold>Electrocardiogram:</bold> Showed sinus rhythm, moderate right ventricular (RV)
               overload without right bundle branch block. Rs morphology in V1 and qRs in V6. Until
               six years ago, maintained rsr' morphology in V1. QRS duration was 0.94 from the total
               correction. AP: +70&#186;, AQRS: +90&#186;, AT: +70&#186;. </p>
        <p><bold>Chest radiography: </bold>Shows normal cardiac silhouette, rounded shape and
               normal pulmonary vasculature (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f03">Figure 1</xref>). </p>
        <fig id="f03" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Chest radiograph stresses the normal size of the cardiac silhouette, and
                     MRI in diastole (A) and systole (B) shows the normal size and function of both
                     ventricles.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0e34-40045-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
        <p><bold>Echocardiogram:</bold> Showed cardiac chambers with normal dimensions, no
               myocardial hypertrophy (septum = posterior wall = 10 mm) and maximum pressure
               gradient of 83 mmHg and average of 47 mmHg on the right ventricle outflow tract.
               Pulmonary insufficiency was severe and biventricular function was normal (RV: 70% and
               LV: 74%). LPA was 14 mm and RPA was 20 mm. </p>
        <p><bold>Nuclear magnetic resonance: </bold>Showed pulmonary regurgitation fraction of
               50% with RV slightly dilated (Vd2VD = 110 ml). RV function = 81% and LV = 64% (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f03">Figure 1</xref>). Ascending aorta = 46 mm, Vd2VE = 55 ml;
               delayed myocardial enhancement was not detected. </p>
        <p><bold>Cardiac catheterization:</bold> Showed obstruction of the pulmonary valve
               (pressure gradient of 82 mmHg), severe pulmonary insufficiency and right ventricle of
               normal size with normal biventricular contractility. Moderate stenosis (13 mm) in LPA
               (20 mm) and of similar size to RPA (21 mm). The peripheral pulmonary tree was
               preserved. The pressures were: RA = 5, RV = 110/10, RPA = 28/10-16, LPA = 20/10-13,
               PC = 10 mmHg (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f04">Figure 2</xref>). </p>
        <fig id="f04" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Cardiac angiography stresses the pulmonary valve stenosis in the RV-PT tube
                     with right ventricular hypertrophy in A and B, and left pulmonary artery
                     stenosis with greater development of the right pulmonary artery in C and
                     D.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0e34-40045-gf02-en.jpg"/></fig>
        <p><bold>Clinical diagnosis: </bold>Pulmonary atresia, ventricular septal defect,
               pulmonary circulation nurtured by aortopulmonary collateral arteries corrected 17
               years before with pulmonary unifications and valved tube, severe dual pulmonary
               lesion and maintenance of RV of normal size and function in an asymptomatic patient. </p>
        <p><bold>Clinical reasoning: </bold>The clinical elements of evolution were compatible
               with the diagnosis of moderate obstruction in the right ventricle outflow tract, with
               signs of marked pulmonary valve insufficiency with no corresponding RV increase.
               Clear systolic murmur with moderate right ventricular overload on electrocardiogram
               was consistent with the pressure gradient of 82 mmHg found in cardiac
               catheterization. Diastolic murmur was not accompanied by clinical signs of RV
               dilatation, despite the diagnosis of marked pulmonary insufficiency in imaging tests. </p>
        <p><bold>Differential diagnosis: </bold>After anatomic correction of PA + VSD with
               valved tube placement, it is usually observed the presence of dual pulmonary valve
               lesion whose differential diagnosis leads to cases with tetralogy of Fallot and other
               anomalies in which the pulmonary valve annulus is expanded. </p>
        <p><bold>Conduct: </bold>Valve-type Melody stenting in the obstructed valved tube, and
               subsequent placement of a stent at the beginning of the obstructed LPA. </p>
        <p><bold>Comments: </bold>Postoperative evolution after PA + VSD + aortopulmonary
               collateral arteries correction after several procedures until total correction
               evolves smoothly, except for the systematic emergence of dual pulmonary valve lesion.
               However, in this case, attention is drawn to two aspects to be highlighted. </p>
        <p>The first one is a sharp disagreement on the marked degree of pulmonary insufficiency
               with normal right ventricular cavity, possible to be corrected, as long as, in the
               initial stages, broad which characterizes a smaller ventricular complacency that due
               to unknown reasons, tending to the acceptance of morphofunctional characteristics to
               be better elucidated. Another aspect to be highlighted is that this complex anomaly
               is undoubtedly standardization of the pulmonary arterial tree is achieved.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
