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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras.
					Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">8MH4nrBg6JgqDCh7FnbSkFq</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2014000400002</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00002</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="previous-pid">S0066-782X2014005000012</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20140033</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Artigos Originais</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="pt">Uso de Interven&#231;&#245;es Baseadas em Evid&#234;ncias na S&#237;ndrome
					Coron&#225;ria Aguda &#150; Suban&#225;lise do Registro ACCEPT</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Wang</surname>
            <given-names>Ricardo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Neuenschwander</surname>
            <given-names>Fernando Carvalho</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Lima</surname>
            <given-names>Augusto</given-names>
            <suffix>Filho</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Moreira</surname>
            <given-names>Celsa Maria</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Elizabete Silva dos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Reis</surname>
            <given-names>Helder Jose Lima</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff03">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Romano</surname>
            <given-names>Edson Renato</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff04">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mattos</surname>
            <given-names>Luiz Alberto Piva e</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff07">7</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Berwanger</surname>
            <given-names>Ot&#225;vio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff04">4</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff05">5</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Andrade</surname>
            <given-names>Jadelson Pinheiro de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff05">5</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff06">6</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Vera Cruz</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">MG</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Vera Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG -
					Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff02">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Instituto Dante Pazzanese de
					Cardiologia</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, S&#227;o
					Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff03">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas Gaspar Vianna</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Bel&#233;m</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">PA</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas Gaspar Vianna, Bel&#233;m, PA -
					Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff04">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o/ASS4</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o/ASS4, S&#227;o Paulo, SP -
					Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff05">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Sociedade Brasileira de
					Cardiologia</institution>
        <institution content-type="original">Sociedade Brasileira de
					Cardiologia</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff06">
        <label>6</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital da Bahia</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Salvador</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">BA</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital da Bahia, Salvador, BA -
					Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff07">
        <label>7</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Rede D'or de Hospitais do Brasil</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo/Pernambuco</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country>Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Rede D'or de Hospitais do Brasil, S&#227;o
					Paulo/Pernambuco &#8722; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold> Ricardo Wang. Avenida Francisco Sales 1111, Santa
					Efig&#234;nia. CEP: 30.150-221, Belo Horizonte, MG &#8722; Brasil. E-mail:
						<email>rwang@cardiol.br</email>,
					<email>rwang@terra.com.br</email>.</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial Conflito de Interesses</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>17</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <day>29</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>102</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>319</fpage>
      <lpage>326</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2013</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2013</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>11</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2013</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the
						Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License which permits
						unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any
						medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract xml:lang="pt">
        <sec>
          <title>Fundamento:</title>
          <p> As diretrizes baseiam-se em evid&#234;ncias para pautar suas recomenda&#231;&#245;es;
						apesar disso, h&#225; uma lacuna entre o recomendado e a pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica. </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p> Descrever a pr&#225;tica de prescri&#231;&#227;o de tratamentos com indica&#231;&#227;o baseada em
						diretrizes para pacientes com s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda no Brasil. </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p> Foi realizada uma suban&#225;lise do registro ACCEPT, na qual foram avaliados os
						dados epidemiol&#243;gicos e a taxa de prescri&#231;&#227;o de &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico,
						inibidores P2Y<sub>12</sub>, antitromb&#243;ticos, betabloqueadores, inibidores
						da enzima conversora de angiotensina/bloqueadores AT1 e estatinas. Al&#233;m
						disso, avaliou-se a qualidade da reperfus&#227;o coronariana no infarto com
						supradesnivelamento do segmento ST. </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p> Foram avaliados 2.453 pacientes. As taxas de prescri&#231;&#227;o de &#225;cido
						acetilsalic&#237;lico, inibidores de P2Y12, antitromb&#243;ticos, betabloqueadores,
						inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina/bloqueadores AT1 e estatinas
						foram, respectivamente, de 97,6%, 89,5%, 89,1, 80,2%, 67,9%, 90,6%, em 24
						horas, e, respectivamente, de 89,3%, 53,6, 0%, 74,4%, 57,6%, 85,4%, em 6
						meses. Com rela&#231;&#227;o ao infarto com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST,
						somente 35,9% e 25,3% dos pacientes foram submetidos a angioplastia prim&#225;ria
						e tromb&#243;lise, respectivamente, nos tempos recomendados. </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclus&#227;o:</title>
          <p> Este registro mostrou altas taxas de prescri&#231;&#227;o inicial de antiplaquet&#225;rios,
						antitromb&#243;ticos e estatina, bem como taxas mais baixas de betabloqueadores e
						de inibidores da enzima conversora de angiotensina/bloqueadores AT1.
						Independentemente da classe, todos apresentaram queda do uso aos 6 meses. A
						maioria dos pacientes com infarto com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST n&#227;o
						foi submetida a reperfus&#227;o coronariana no tempo recomendado.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica baseada em evid&#234;ncias</kwd>
        <kwd>S&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda</kwd>
        <kwd>Registros de doen&#231;as</kwd>
        <kwd>Epidemiologia</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="5"/>
        <table-count count="2"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="25"/>
        <page-count count="8"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
      <p>No Brasil, as doen&#231;as cardiovasculares s&#227;o respons&#225;veis por aproximadamente 30% dos
				&#243;bitos de pacientes na faixa et&#225;ria dos 20 aos 59 anos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>. O Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio (IAM) foi, em 2009, a segunda
				principal causa de morte, com incid&#234;ncia de 48 mortes por 100 mil habitantes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>, o que representou 96.386 mortes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>. N&#227;o somente a simples perda de vidas, mas
				tamb&#233;m os custos sociais devem ser levados em conta; por exemplo, a dor tor&#225;cica foi
				causa de aproximadamente 100 mil atendimentos em unidades b&#225;sicas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref> e mais de 200 mil interna&#231;&#245;es em 2010<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>. Esses n&#250;meros t&#234;m aumentado ao longo dos
					anos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref>.</p>
      <p>A maioria das mortes por IAM ocorreu fora do ambiente hospitalar, e 80% destas nas
				primeiras 24horas<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>. A mortalidade hospitalar
				varia de 3 a 20%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>, e a morbidade, isto &#233;,
				insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca p&#243;s-IAM varia de 5 a 15% no p&#243;s-infarto<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>. A grande varia&#231;&#227;o dessa mortalidade se deve &#224; qualidade
					assistencial<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>. O tratamento correto
				precoce propicia melhora da sobrevida e da qualidade de vida. As diretrizes da
				Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B06">6</xref> (SBC) e de outras sociedades
					internacionais<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref> t&#234;m como objetivo guiar a pr&#225;tica m&#233;dica,
				sugerindo condutas baseadas em evid&#234;ncias e pautadas no rigor cient&#237;fico para sua
				indica&#231;&#227;o. Esse instrumento tem se mostrado eficaz na melhora da qualidade
					assistencial<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B09">9</xref>, e centros onde as suas
				recomenda&#231;&#245;es s&#227;o mais empregadas apresentaram menores taxas de eventos. No entanto,
				existe uma lacuna entre a pr&#225;tica m&#233;dica e as diretrizes. O objetivo deste trabalho
				foi avaliar o tratamento realizado no registro <italic>Acute Coronary Care Evolution
					of Practice Registry</italic> (ACCEPT) e comparar com as diretrizes brasileiras
				e americanas de s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>M&#233;todos</title>
      <p>O registro ACCEPT foi idealizado pela SBC. Sua metodologia, organiza&#231;&#227;o e coleta de
				dados foram descritas em detalhes previamente<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>. De maneira sucinta, 65 centros no Brasil contribu&#237;ram para
				realiza&#231;&#227;o do registro. Esses centros foram reunidos por meio de dois crit&#233;rios:
				convite e busca ativa (por meio da p&#225;gina eletr&#244;nica da SBC). O registro ACCEPT
				tentou ser o mais abrangente poss&#237;vel, tanto na cobertura territorial do Brasil,
				quanto no perfil dos pacientes atendidos (sistema p&#250;blico e privado). Os dados foram
				coletados no per&#237;odo de janeiro de 2011 a dezembro de 2012. Os resultados de 30 dias
				do registro foram previamente publicados<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>.</p>
      <p>Este artigo &#233; uma suban&#225;lise pr&#233;-especificada no planejamento do registro.
				Participaram deste estudo todos os pacientes do registro, cujos crit&#233;rios de
				inclus&#227;o foram: pacientes com s&#237;ndrome coronariana sem supradesnivelamento do
				segmento ST (angina inst&#225;vel e IAM sem Supradesnivelamento do Segmento ST &#8722; IAMSSST,
				caracterizado por cl&#237;nica mais altera&#231;&#227;o eletrocardiogr&#225;fica &#8722; ECG ou altera&#231;&#227;o de
				enzimas card&#237;acas); e IAM com Supradesnivelamento do Segmento ST &#8722; IAMCSST,
				caracterizado por cl&#237;nica mais ECG com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST. Foram
				exclu&#237;dos pacientes com dados incompletos.</p>
      <p>O objetivo prim&#225;rio foi avaliar a taxa de uso de medicamentos que sabidamente t&#234;m
				impacto na taxa de eventos cardiovasculares, dentre eles: antiplaquet&#225;rios (&#193;cido
				Acetilsalic&#237;lico &#8722; AAS &#8722; e inibidores P2Y<sub>12</sub>), betabloqueadores,
				Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina (IECA) ou Bloqueadores do Receptor
				de Angiotensina (IAT1) e estatinas. Constituiu o objetivo secund&#225;rio a avalia&#231;&#227;o do
				impacto dessa terap&#234;utica na taxa de eventos cardiol&#243;gicos maiores (morte, IAM,
				parada cardiorrespirat&#243;ria, acidente vascular encef&#225;lico (AVE) e sangramento
				maior).</p>
      <p>O estudo teve aprova&#231;&#227;o do comit&#234; de &#233;tica e pesquisa do Instituto de Ensino e
				Pesquisa do Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o de S&#227;o Paulo (IEP/HCOR), com registro n&#250;mero
				117/2010. Todos os participantes assinaram o termo de consentimento livre e
				esclarecido, e o estudo seguiu as diretrizes e normas da Resolu&#231;&#227;o 196/96, de boas
				pr&#225;ticas m&#233;dicas e da Declara&#231;&#227;o de Helsinque.</p>
      <p>O registro ACCEPT &#233; de propriedade da SBC, utilizando recursos financeiros pr&#243;prios
				da sociedade. O IEP/HCOR foi contratado para operacionalizar a execu&#231;&#227;o desse
				registro, sob a coordena&#231;&#227;o da SBC.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</title>
        <p>As vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas foram descritas por m&#233;dia e desvio padr&#227;o; as vari&#225;veis
					categ&#243;ricas foram descritas em forma de frequ&#234;ncia absoluta e relativa. Para
					efeito de compara&#231;&#227;o, foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado, exceto para compara&#231;&#227;o
					das m&#233;dias de idade, para a qual foi utilizado teste F da ANOVA. Na compara&#231;&#227;o
					da continuidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o de drogas ao longo do tempo, foi ajustado um
					modelo por Equa&#231;&#245;es de Estima&#231;&#227;o Generalizada (EEG) para dados bin&#225;rios, para
					considerar a depend&#234;ncia entre as observa&#231;&#245;es. As an&#225;lises estat&#237;sticas foram
					realizadas com aux&#237;lio do programa estat&#237;stico R 2.15.3. Foi considerado um
					n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia de 5%.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="results">
      <title>Resultados</title>
      <p>No per&#237;odo de agosto de 2010 a dezembro de 2011, foram inclu&#237;dos 2.584 pacientes;
				destes, 2.453 pacientes completaram 1 ano de seguimento e 40 pacientes foram
				exclu&#237;dos por terem os dados de seguimento incompleto, com perda de 2,6%.</p>
      <p>O perfil epidemiol&#243;gico dos pacientes est&#225; na <xref ref-type="table" rid="t01">Tabela
					1</xref>. A idade m&#233;dia variou entre 61 e 65 anos. O g&#234;nero predominante foi o
				masculino em todos os quadros cl&#237;nicos: 58,9%; 73,4% e 70% para angina inst&#225;vel,
				IAMSSST e IAMCSST, respectivamente. Os pacientes com angina inst&#225;vel, comparados com
				outros quadros, tiveram, dentre os fatores de risco, maior incid&#234;ncia de
				dislipidemia, hipertens&#227;o, tabagismo e maior preval&#234;ncia de Insufici&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca
				(IC): 67,3%; 84,1%; 30,4% e 15%, respectivamente. No grupo com IAMSSST, destacamos
				menores taxas de dislipidemia (44,4%), IAM pr&#233;vio (18,2%) e diabetes melito (23,6%),
				enquanto que o IAMCSST tinha a menor m&#233;dia de idade (61 &#177; 12 anos) e alta taxa de
				diab&#233;ticos (37,5%) e tabagistas (29,3%). O AVE teve taxa semelhante nos tr&#234;s
				grupos.</p>
      <table-wrap id="t01">
        <label>Tabela 1 </label>
        <caption>
          <title>Perfil epidemiol&#243;gico</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="rows">
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th>&#160;</th>
              <th align="center">
                <bold>Angina inst&#225;vel (767)</bold>
              </th>
              <th align="center">
                <bold>Infarto sem Supra de ST (800)</bold>
              </th>
              <th align="center">
                <bold>IAM com Supra de ST (846)</bold>
              </th>
              <th align="center">
                <bold>p</bold>
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>Idade (m&#233;dia &#177; <italic>DP)</italic>
							</td>
              <td align="center">64 &#177; 12</td>
              <td align="center">65 &#177; 12</td>
              <td align="center">61 &#177; 12</td>
              <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>G&#234;nero masculino, n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">452 (58,9)</td>
              <td align="center">587 (73,4)</td>
              <td align="center">592 (70)</td>
              <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Dislipidemia, n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">516 (67,3)</td>
              <td align="center">355 (44,4)</td>
              <td align="center">490 (57,9)</td>
              <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>IAM pr&#233;vio, n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">275 (35,9)</td>
              <td align="center">146 (18,2)</td>
              <td align="center">304 (35,9)</td>
              <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>HAS, n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">645 (84,1)</td>
              <td align="center">544(68)</td>
              <td align="center">66 (78,8)</td>
              <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Diabetes melito, n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">246 (32,1)</td>
              <td align="center">189 (23,6)</td>
              <td align="center">317 (37,5)</td>
              <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">119 (15,5)</td>
              <td align="center">54 (6,8)</td>
              <td align="center">92 (10,9)</td>
              <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Obesidade, n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">272 (35,5)</td>
              <td align="center">261 (32,6)</td>
              <td align="center">270 (31,9)</td>
              <td align="center">0,285</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Tabagismo, n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">233 (30,4)</td>
              <td align="center">199 (24,9)</td>
              <td align="center">248 (29,3)</td>
              <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Acidente vascular encef&#225;lico, n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">68 (8,9)</td>
              <td align="center">53 (6,6)</td>
              <td align="center">68 (8)</td>
              <td align="center">0,247</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn>
            <p>IAM: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; DP: desvio padr&#227;o; HAS: hipertens&#227;o
							arterial sist&#234;mica.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>Dos medicamentos que t&#234;m impacto na s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda, observamos que a AAS
				foi a droga mais prescrita, com taxas de 97,6% &#224; admiss&#227;o e de 89,3% em 6 meses
					(<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figura 1</xref>). As estatinas tamb&#233;m tiveram
				alta taxa de prescri&#231;&#227;o &#224; admiss&#227;o: 90,6%. No entanto, quando analisamos os
				betabloqueadores, IECA/IAT1, antitromb&#243;ticos (heparina n&#227;o fracionada, heparina de
				baixo peso molecular e fondaparinux) e inibidor P2Y<sub>12</sub>, observamos taxas
				abaixo de 90% &#224; admiss&#227;o: 80,2%, 67,9%, 89,1% e 88,7%, respectivamente.</p>
      <fig id="f01" fig-type="other">
        <label>Figura 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Uso de medica&#231;&#227;o na s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda, nas primeiras 24 horas,
						na alta hospitalar e ap&#243;s 6 meses.</title>
          <p>&#167; Exceto AAS; * redu&#231;&#227;o significativa (p&lt;0,05) em todos os momentos; &#8224;
						redu&#231;&#227;o significativa apenas em 6 meses; &#8225; crescimento significativo na alta
						hospitalar em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;s primeiras 24 horas e redu&#231;&#227;o significativa em 6
						meses. Antiagregante: inibidores P2Y<sub>12</sub>.</p>
          <p>AAS: &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico; ECA: enzima conversora de angiotensina.</p>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
      <p>Na alta hospitalar e no sexto m&#234;s, observamos diminui&#231;&#227;o da prescri&#231;&#227;o em todas as
				medica&#231;&#245;es, com queda mais acentuada na classe dos IECA/IAT1, inibidores
					P2Y<sub>12</sub> e betabloqueadores: redu&#231;&#227;o absoluta de 10% (67,6% para 57,6%),
				24,5% (77,5% para 53%) e 6,7% (81,1% para 74,4%), respectivamente, comparando a taxa
				de administra&#231;&#227;o &#224; alta, com 6 meses ap&#243;s evento &#237;ndice (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figura 1</xref>).</p>
      <p>Quando avaliamos a taxa do uso de medicamentos de acordo com quadro cl&#237;nico, os
				antiplaquet&#225;rios (inibidor P2Y<sub>12</sub>) foram mais prescritos nos pacientes com
				IAMCSST, seguidos dos pacientes com IAMSSST e angina inst&#225;vel: 95% vs. 88,3% vs.
				82,5%, respectivamente. Os antitromb&#243;ticos foram mais usados no IAMSSST: 88,1% vs
				93,4% vs 85,5% respectivamente. As demais medica&#231;&#245;es tiveram taxas de prescri&#231;&#227;o
				semelhantes nos tr&#234;s quadros (angina inst&#225;vel, IAMSSST e IAMCSST, respectivamente),
				sendo AAS 96,9% vs. 97,5% vs. 98,5%; IECA: 68,2% vs. 66% vs. 69,8%; betabloqueador:
				81,7% vs. 81,2% vs. 77,6%; e estatina: 90,1% vs. 90,7 vs. 91,1%. Somente AAS e
				estatinas tiveram taxas de utiliza&#231;&#227;o acima de 90% nos diferentes quadros cl&#237;nicos
					(<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figura 2</xref>). Na alta hospitalar (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f03">Figura 3</xref>), no geral, a taxa de prescri&#231;&#227;o de
				estatina aumentou, passando de 90,6% para 93%. A prescri&#231;&#227;o de AAS se manteve
				est&#225;vel, mas a redu&#231;&#227;o da taxa de IECA e de betabloqueadores foi maior na angina
				inst&#225;vel, com queda de 4,3% e 3,4% absolutos, respectivamente.</p>
      <fig id="f02" fig-type="other">
        <label>Figura 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Taxa da utiliza&#231;&#227;o da medica&#231;&#227;o de acordo com quadro cl&#237;nico do paciente
						&#224; admiss&#227;o (24 horas).</title>
          <p>&#8224; Exceto AAS; * p &lt; 0,05. Antiagregante: inibidores P2Y<sub>12</sub>.</p>
          <p>AAS: &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico; ECA: enzima conversora de angiotensina; IAMSSST:
						infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST; IAMCSST:
						infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST.</p>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
      <fig id="f03" fig-type="other">
        <label>Figura 3</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Taxa da utiliza&#231;&#227;o da medica&#231;&#227;o de acordo com quadro cl&#237;nico do paciente
						na alta hospitalar.</title>
          <p>&#8224; Exceto AAS; * p &lt; 0,05. Antiagregante: inibidores P2Y<sub>12</sub>.</p>
          <p>AAS: &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico; ECA: enzima conversora de angiotensina; IAMSSST:
						infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST; IAMCSST:
						infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST.</p>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf03.jpg"/></fig>
      <p>A presen&#231;a de cardiologista na sala de emerg&#234;ncia n&#227;o representou acr&#233;scimo
				significativo nas taxas de prescri&#231;&#227;o de medicamentos baseados em evid&#234;ncia, que
				foram as seguintes conforme a presen&#231;a ou aus&#234;ncia daquele profissional,
				respectivamente: AAS: 97,9 vs. 98,3%; betabloqueador: 80,6 vs. 84,3%; IECA: 68,5 vs.
				69,6%; estatina: 90,8 vs. 92,2%; inibidor P2Y<sub>12</sub>: 90,5 vs. 92,2%; presen&#231;a
				de cardiologista vs. n&#227;o respectivamente: sem signific&#226;ncia estat&#237;stica (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f04">Figura 4</xref>).</p>
      <fig id="f04" fig-type="other">
        <label>Figura 4</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Taxa da utiliza&#231;&#227;o da medica&#231;&#227;o em locais onde h&#225; cardiologista de
						plant&#227;o &#224; admiss&#227;o.</title>
          <p>IECA: Inibidor enzima conversora da angiotensina; AAS: &#225;cido
						acetilsalic&#237;lico.</p>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf04.jpg"/></fig>
      <p>Dos 846 pacientes admitidos com IAMCSST, 705 receberam terapia de reperfus&#227;o (83,3%).
				Destes, 71 foram com trombol&#237;ticos e 634 com angioplastia prim&#225;ria. Dentre os
				pacientes submetidos &#224; angioplastia prim&#225;ria, somente 35,96% (n = 288) tiveram tempo
				porta-bal&#227;o &lt; 90 minutos, enquanto que no grupo submetido a tromb&#243;lise, no qual a
				taxa foi ainda menor 25,35% (n = 18) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f05">Figura
				5</xref>).</p>
      <fig id="f05" fig-type="other">
        <label>Figura 5</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Pacientes admitidos com infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio com
						supradesnivelamento do segmento ST que atingiram as metas preconizadas para
						reperfus&#227;o coronariana. min: minutos.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf05.jpg"/></fig>
      <p>Betabloqueadores, IECA/IAT1 e estatinas demonstraram ter impacto na taxa de eventos
				card&#237;acos maiores j&#225; na interna&#231;&#227;o, com redu&#231;&#227;o do risco relativo aos 12 meses de
				46,3% (p = 0,016), 31,9% (p &lt; 0,001) e 39,9% (p = 0,003) respectivamente (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t02">Tabela 2</xref>). O benef&#237;cio do AAS tornou-se
				aparente somente no sexto m&#234;s, efeito que se manteve a longo prazo, com redu&#231;&#227;o
				relativa de 38% aos 12 meses (p = 0,013). O inibidor de P2Y<sub>12</sub> reduziu a
				taxa de eventos card&#237;acos, sem, no entanto, alcan&#231;ar signific&#226;ncia estat&#237;stica (p =
				0,305).</p>
      <table-wrap id="t02">
        <label>Tabela 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Eventos cl&#237;nicos combinados (morte, reinfarto, parada
						cardiorrespirat&#243;ria, acidente vascular encef&#225;lico e sangramento grave) de
						acordo com o uso do medicamento</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="rows">
          <thead>
            <tr align="center">
              <th>&#160;</th>
              <th>
                <bold>30 dias n (%)</bold>
              </th>
              <th>
                <bold>6 meses n (%)</bold>
              </th>
              <th>
                <bold>12 meses n (%)</bold>
              </th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td colspan="4">
                <bold>AAS</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Sim</td>
              <td align="center">140 (6,1)</td>
              <td align="center">225 (10,8)</td>
              <td align="center">269 (14,8)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>N&#227;o</td>
              <td align="center">12 (9,4)</td>
              <td align="center">21 (18,4)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn01">*</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">27 (23,9)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn01">*</xref>
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td colspan="4">
                <bold>Clopidogrel</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Sim</td>
              <td align="center">111 (5,9)</td>
              <td align="center">183 (10,7)</td>
              <td align="center">296 (14,8)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>N&#227;o</td>
              <td align="center">41 (7,6)</td>
              <td align="center">63 (13)</td>
              <td align="center">75 (17)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td colspan="4">
                <bold>Betabloqueador</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Sim</td>
              <td align="center">92(4,7)</td>
              <td align="center">160 (9,1)</td>
              <td align="center">199 (12,9)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>N&#227;o</td>
              <td align="center">58 (12,7)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn02">**</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">83 (39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn02">**</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">94 (24,4) <bold>*</bold>
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td colspan="4">
                <bold>IECA/IAT1</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Sim</td>
              <td align="center">79 (4,8)</td>
              <td align="center">136 (9,2)</td>
              <td align="center">169 (13,2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>N&#227;o</td>
              <td align="center">73 (9,3)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn02">**</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">110 (15,6)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn02">**</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">127 (19,4)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn02">**</xref>
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td colspan="4">
                <bold>Estatina</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Sim</td>
              <td align="center">127 (5,7)</td>
              <td align="center">214 (10,5)</td>
              <td align="center">261 (14,6)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>N&#227;o</td>
              <td align="center">25 (14,7)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn02">**</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">32 (21,1)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn02">**</xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">35 (24,3)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t02-fn02">**</xref>
							</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="t02-fn01">
            <label>*</label>
            <p>p &lt; 0,05</p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="t02-fn02">
            <label>**</label>
            <p>p &lt; 0,001.</p>
          </fn>
          <fn>
            <p>AAS: &#193;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico; IECA/IAT1: Inibidores da Enzima Conversora
							de ngiotensina/Bloqueadores do Receptor de Angiotensina.</p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
      <p>Os achados mais importantes no nosso registro foram: alta prescri&#231;&#227;o de
				antiplaquet&#225;rios e estatina nas primeiras 24 horas; menores taxas de prescri&#231;&#227;o de
				betabloqueadores e de IECA/IAT<sub>1</sub>; ap&#243;s 6 meses do evento, houve importante
				redu&#231;&#227;o no n&#250;mero de pacientes usando a medica&#231;&#227;o, em especial os inibidores
					P2Y<sub>12</sub>, IECA/IAT1 e betabloqueadores; menos da metade dos pacientes
				teve reperfus&#227;o coronariana dentro dos limites de tempo estabelecidos nas
				diretrizes.</p>
      <p>Comparados com os registros GRACE<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> e
					CRUSADE<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B09">9</xref>, as taxas de prescri&#231;&#227;o dos
				cinco principais medicamentos foram maiores neste registro. No entanto, deve-se
				considerar o per&#237;odo em que esses dados foram coletados, al&#233;m dos programas de
				divulga&#231;&#227;o e implementa&#231;&#227;o das diretrizes durante esse per&#237;odo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>. O registro ACCESS realizado em pa&#237;ses em
				desenvolvimento, para o qual o Brasil tamb&#233;m contribuiu, apresenta perfil
				epidemiol&#243;gico parecido com registro ACCEPT. Eles registraram tamb&#233;m menores taxas
				de prescri&#231;&#227;o de betabloqueadores e tienopirid&#237;nicos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>. Quando comparado com dois registros nacionais<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref> recentemente publicados, observa-se que a
				taxa de prescri&#231;&#227;o das medica&#231;&#245;es foi mais alta neste registro, o que pode ser
				explicado pelo m&#233;todo de sele&#231;&#227;o dos centros e o perfil dos pacientes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>.</p>
      <p>Fermann e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref> observaram que pacientes que
				receberam a medica&#231;&#227;o &#224; admiss&#227;o teriam maior chance de ter alta em uso dela. No
				entanto, nesta amostra, a presen&#231;a de um especialista (cardiologista) na sala de
				emerg&#234;ncia n&#227;o representou aumento da taxa de prescri&#231;&#227;o de medicamentos que
				modificam a hist&#243;ria natural da s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda.</p>
      <p>O uso do AAS &#233;, em geral, alto em todos os registros nacionais<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref> e internacionais<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>
				<sup>,</sup>
				<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>; nesta amostra, observou se alta taxa de
				prescri&#231;&#227;o inicial dos inibidores P2Y<sub>12</sub>. Em compara&#231;&#227;o aos registros
				previamente publicados, observou se maior prescri&#231;&#227;o desses, em detrimento dos
				inibidores da Glicoprote&#237;na (GP) IIb/IIIa. Tal resultado contrasta com o registro
				americano ACTION, que observou taxas inversas de prescri&#231;&#227;o, apesar da indica&#231;&#227;o
				classe I do clopidogrel, esse foi prescrito somente em 59% dos casos, e o mais
				alarmante, 28% n&#227;o receberam nenhuma antiagrega&#231;&#227;o plaquet&#225;ria dupla<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>. &#201; prov&#225;vel que a baixa utiliza&#231;&#227;o de
				inibidores de GPIIb/IIIa em nosso meio seja decorrente da redu&#231;&#227;o do grau de
				indica&#231;&#227;o, associado ao seu elevado custo. Observa-se ainda que o uso de novos
				antiplaquet&#225;rios, como prasugrel e ticagrelor, &#233; baixo neste registro, possivelmente
				devido ao in&#237;cio recente da comercializa&#231;&#227;o no Brasil, que aconteceu inclusive
				durante a condu&#231;&#227;o do registro.</p>
      <p>IECA e IAT<sub>1</sub> s&#227;o uma classe de medica&#231;&#227;o bem estabelecida em pacientes
				portadores de IC. No estudo HOPE<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref>, foi
				demonstrado que o benef&#237;cio cl&#237;nico do IECA se estende para pacientes de alto risco
				cardiovascular, como pacientes portadores de diabetes melito p&#243;s-IAM, sem
				necessariamente apresentar disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular sist&#243;lica. Para Bagnall e
					cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>, o grande motivo para n&#227;o
				prescrever essa classe &#233; o fato de os m&#233;dicos considerarem que o paciente n&#227;o tem
				gravidade suficiente para sua indica&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      <p>O dado alarmante &#233; que os pacientes que teriam maior benef&#237;cio s&#227;o os menos
					medicados<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> (paradoxo do
					risco-tratamento)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>. No presente
				registro, tal paradoxo foi observado. Considerando a ordem decrescente de gravidade
				do IAMCSST, seguida do IAMSSST e da angina inst&#225;vel, a taxa de tratamento com IECA e
				betabloqueadores n&#227;o foi proporcional &#224; gravidade do quadro cl&#237;nico. Em rela&#231;&#227;o aos
				betabloqueadores, as contraindica&#231;&#245;es como asma br&#244;nquica, doen&#231;a pulmonar
				obstrutiva cr&#244;nica, bradicardias e choque s&#227;o causas da n&#227;o prescri&#231;&#227;o daqueles<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>, por&#233;m, na maioria das vezes, o motivo n&#227;o &#233;
					aparente<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>. </p>
      <p>O atraso da realiza&#231;&#227;o da reperfus&#227;o em pacientes com IAMCSST &#233; tamb&#233;m observado em
				outros registros<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>. No <italic>National
					Registry of Myocardial Infarction</italic> (NRMI), a taxa de pacientes que
				obtiveram o tempo porta-bal&#227;o abaixo de 90 minutos foi somente de 29,3%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>, e o tempo m&#233;dio para porta-agulha de 32
					minutos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>. Esses tempos t&#234;m ca&#237;do ao
				longo do tempo, muito em fun&#231;&#227;o da cria&#231;&#227;o dos registros, que servem como forma de
				retorno para avalia&#231;&#227;o da <italic>performance</italic> dos servi&#231;os
					participantes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>.</p>
      <p>No registro CRUSADE, os hospitais com maior ader&#234;ncia &#224;s diretrizes, dentre os
				par&#226;metros avaliados, inclu&#237;am a prescri&#231;&#227;o de antiplaquet&#225;rios, betabloqueadores,
					IECA/IAT<sub>1</sub> e estatinas na alta, al&#233;m de apresentarem menor
				mortalidade, com redu&#231;&#227;o de 6,31% para 4,15%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B09">9</xref>. Os estudos cl&#237;nicos controlados, em geral, avaliam efeito isolado de uma
				droga. Mukherjee e cols.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref> demostraram o
				efeito sin&#233;rgico do uso combinado das quatro classes de medicamento acima na
				s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda, com <italic>odds ratio</italic> de 0,36 para uma droga e
				de 0,10 para quatro drogas.</p>
      <p>No per&#237;odo hospitalar, a responsabilidade da prescri&#231;&#227;o da medica&#231;&#227;o fica a cargo do
				m&#233;dico. Este, al&#233;m de avaliar crit&#233;rios para seu uso, tem de levar em considera&#231;&#227;o
				contraindica&#231;&#245;es e efeitos adversos da medica&#231;&#227;o. A n&#227;o ader&#234;ncia &#224;s diretrizes
				pelos m&#233;dicos &#233; multifatorial, indo desde sentir que as diretrizes interferem em sua
				autonomia e reconhecer a dificuldade de adquirir novos m&#233;todos de tratamento<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>, at&#233; subestimar a gravidade da doen&#231;a<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>. Al&#233;m do fator m&#233;dico, ap&#243;s a alta
				hospitalar, adiciona-se a vari&#225;vel paciente, que n&#227;o toma a medica&#231;&#227;o devido a
				custos da medica&#231;&#227;o, percep&#231;&#227;o subjetiva que a droga n&#227;o melhora sintomas, n&#227;o
				entendimento do benef&#237;cio do tratamento, medo e dificuldade em usar v&#225;rias
					medica&#231;&#245;es<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>. Todos esses fatores
				associados resultam em baixa ader&#234;ncia, que j&#225; come&#231;a desde o primeiro contato.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Limita&#231;&#245;es</title>
        <p>A grande limita&#231;&#227;o do registro &#233; o fato de ser um estudo observacional, n&#227;o
					randomizado, n&#227;o podendo ser inferida causalidade entre os fatos observados e os
					desfechos cl&#237;nicos. Outra limita&#231;&#227;o foi o perfil dos centros que contribu&#237;ram
					com o banco de dados: 90% deles s&#227;o hospitais terci&#225;rios que contam com servi&#231;o
					de hemodin&#226;mica<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> e sabe-se que esses
					hospitais t&#234;m maior ader&#234;ncia &#224;s diretrizes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>. A contribui&#231;&#227;o para o registro ACCEPT
					de centros com menores recursos &#233; importante para a fotografia real da qualidade
					assistencial para popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira, mas temos que considerar tamb&#233;m a
					implanta&#231;&#227;o de novos modelos assistenciais, com sistemas de drenagens de centros
					prim&#225;rios para centros de maior complexidade em implanta&#231;&#227;o em v&#225;rias cidades
						brasileiras<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>.</p>
        <p>Os motivos pelos quais os m&#233;dicos n&#227;o prescreveram a medica&#231;&#227;o e a ader&#234;ncia a
					longo prazo n&#227;o foram avaliados no registro. Al&#233;m disso, n&#227;o foi avaliado o
					n&#250;mero de pacientes que alcan&#231;ou as metas da preven&#231;&#227;o secund&#225;ria.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
      <p>A qualidade do atendimento do paciente com s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda no registro
				ACCEPT, avaliada pela porcentagem de pacientes em uso de medicamentos que
				comprovadamente melhoram a sobrevida na S&#237;ndrome Coron&#225;ria Aguda, est&#225; acima dos
				registros mundiais pr&#233;vios. No entanto, se considerarmos a taxa ideal de prescri&#231;&#227;o
				da medica&#231;&#227;o pr&#243;xima dos 95%, ainda h&#225; muito a melhorar<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref>. A iniciativa da SBC em promover a cria&#231;&#227;o de registros em
				v&#225;rias &#225;reas na cardiologia, demostrando a situa&#231;&#227;o do atendimento ao paciente
				portador de doen&#231;a cardiovascular, permitir&#225; uma pol&#237;tica de melhoria na qualidade
				assistencial, tanto pela SBC como pela inst&#226;ncia governamental.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="con">
        <p>
          <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
        </p>
        <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Santos ES, Piva e Mattos LA, Berwanger O,
					Andrade JP; Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Neuenschwander FC, Moreira CM, Santos ES, Reis
					HJL, Romano ER, Piva e Mattos LA, Berwanger O, Andrade JP; An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica e
					An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Wang R, Piva e Mattos LA, Berwanger O;
					Obten&#231;&#227;o de financiamento: Piva e Mattos LA, Berwanger O, Andrade JP; Reda&#231;&#227;o do
					manuscrito: Wang R, Neuenschwander FC, Lima Filho A, Moreira CM; Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica
					do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual: Wang R, Neuenschwander FC, Lima
					Filho A, Moreira CM, Berwanger O.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
        <p>
          <bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold>
        </p>
        <p>O presente estudo foi financiado pela Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o Acad&#234;mica</bold>
        </p>
        <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o desse estudo a programas de p&#243;s gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="SA1" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Use of Evidence-Based Interventions in Acute Coronary
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      </contrib-group>
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      <aff id="aff10">
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        <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas Gaspar Vianna, Bel&#233;m, PA &#8722;
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      </aff>
      <aff id="aff11">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o/ASS, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8722;
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      <aff id="aff12">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia&#8722;
					Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff13">
        <label>6</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital da Bahia, Salvador, BA &#8722;
					Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff14">
        <label>7</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Rede D'or de Hospitais do Brasil, S&#227;o
					Paulo/Pernambuco &#8722; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c02"><bold>Mailing Address:</bold> Ricardo Wang, Avenida Francisco Sales 1111, Santa
					Efig&#234;nia. Postal Code: 30.150-221, Belo Horizonte, MG &#8722; Brazil. E-mail:
						<email>rwang@cardiol.br</email>, <email>rwang@terra.com.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <sec>
          <title>Background:</title>
          <p> The recommendations in guidelines are based on evidence; however, there is a
						gap between recommendations and clinical practice. </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objective:</title>
          <p> To describe the practice of prescribing evidence-based treatments for
						patients with acute coronary syndrome in Brazil. </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods:</title>
          <p> This study carried out a subanalysis of the ACCEPT registry, assessing
						epidemiological data and the prescription rate of acetylsalicylic acid,
						p2y12 inhibitors, antithrombotic drugs, beta-blockers,
						angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blockers
						(IAT1RB), and statins. In addition, the quality of myocardial reperfusion in
						ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was evaluated. </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p> This study assessed 2,453 patients. The prescription rates of
						acetylsalicylic acid, p2y12 inhibitors, antithrombotic drugs, beta-blockers,
						angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/IAT1RB, and statins were as
						follows: in 24 hours - 97.6%, 89.5%, 89.1%, 80.2%, 67.9% and 90.6%; and at
						six months - 89.3%, 53.6%, 0%, 74.4%, 57.6% and 85.4%, respectively.
						Regarding ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, only 35.9% and 25.3%
						of the patients underwent primary angioplasty and thrombolysis,
						respectively, within the recommended times. </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusion:</title>
          <p> This registry showed high initial prescription rates of antiplatelet drugs,
						antithrombotic drugs, and statins, and lower prescription rates of
						beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/IAT1RB.
						Independently of the class, the use of all drugs decreased by six months.
						Most patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction did not
						undergo myocardial reperfusion within the time recommended.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Evidence based practice</kwd>
        <kwd>Acute coronary syndrome</kwd>
        <kwd>Disease registries</kwd>
        <kwd>Epidemiology</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introduction</title>
        <p>In Brazil, cardiovascular diseases account for approximately 30% of the deaths of
					patients aged from 20 to 59 years<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>. In
					2009, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was the second major cause of death
					(96,386 individuals)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>, representing an
					incidence of 48 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>. In addition to the loss of lives, the social costs are worthy of
					note; for example, chest pain was the cause of approximately 100,000 visits to
					basic health care units<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref> and more than
					200,000 hospitalizations in 2010<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>. Those
					figures have increased over the years<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref>.</p>
        <p>Most deaths due to AMI have occurred outside the hospital, 80% of which within
					the first 24 hours<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>. In-hospital
					mortality has ranged from 3% to 20%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>, and
					morbidity (post-AMI heart failure) has ranged from 5% to 15%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>. That great variation in mortality is due
					to the quality of the health care provided<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>. Accurate early treatment improves survival and quality of life.
					The guidelines of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B05">5</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B06">6</xref> (SBC) and of other international
						societies<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B07">7</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B08">8</xref> have aimed at guiding clinical
					practice, providing evidence-based recommendations supported by scientific
					rigor. That tool has proved to improve the quality of the health care
						provided<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B09">9</xref>; in addition, centers
					implementing such recommendations have lower event rates. However, there is a
					gap between medical practice and guidelines. This study aimed at assessing the
					treatment provided in the Acute Coronary Care Evolution of Practice (ACCEPT)
					Registry and at comparing it with that in the Brazilian and North-American
					guidelines for acute coronary syndrome.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>Methods</title>
        <p>The ACCEPT Registry has been conceived by the SBC. Its methodology, organization
					and data collection have already been described in detail<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>. Briefly, 65 centers in Brazil have contributed to build
					the registry. Such centers were gathered according to two criteria: invitation
					and active search (via the SBC web page). The ACCEPT Registry was aimed to be as
					comprehensive as possible, regarding both the Brazilian territorial coverage and
					the profile of the patients cared for (public and private systems). Data were
					collected from January 2011 to December 2012. The 30-day results of the registry
					have been previously reported<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>.</p>
        <p>This study is a subanalysis prespecified in that registry planning and included
					all patients of the registry, whose inclusion criteria were as follows: patients
					with acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation [unstable angina and
					non-ST-segment elevation AMI (NSTEMI), the latter characterized by clinical
					findings and electrocardiographic (ECG) or cardiac enzyme changes]; and patients
					with ST-segment elevation AMI (STEMI), characterized by clinical findings and
					ECG changes of ST-segment elevation. Patients whose data were not complete were
					excluded.</p>
        <p>The primary objective was to assess the prescription rate of drugs known to have
					an impact on cardiovascular events, such as: antiplatelet agents
					[acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and p2y12 inhibitors]; beta-blockers;
					angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI); angiotensin-receptor blockers
					(AT1RB); and statins. The primary objective was to assess the impact of that
					therapy on major cardiac events (death, AMI, cardiopulmonary arrest, stroke and
					major bleeding).</p>
        <p>This study was approved by the committee on ethics and research of the Instituto
					de Ensino e Pesquisa of the Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o of S&#227;o Paulo (IEP/HCOR)
					(registry number 117/2010). All participants provided written informed consent,
					and the study abided by guidelines, Resolution 196/96 of the Brazilian Council
					of Health, good medical practices and the Declaration of Helsinki.</p>
        <p>The ACCEPT Registry belongs to and was funded by the SBC. The IEP/HCOR was hired
					to build that registry under the SBC coordination.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Statistical analysis</title>
          <p>The continuous variables were described as mean and standard deviation. The
						categorical variables were described as absolute and relative frequencies.
						For comparison, the chi-square test was used, except for the age means, for
						which the ANOVA F test was used. When comparing continuity of drug
						prescription over time, a model was adjusted for generalized estimating
						equations (GEE) for binary data to consider the dependence between the
						observations. The statistical program R 2.15.3 was used in the statistical
						analysis. A 5% significance level was considered.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="results">
        <title>Results</title>
        <p>From August 2010 to December 2011, 2,584 patients were included, of whom, 2,453
					completed a one-year follow-up and 40 were excluded due to incomplete follow-up,
					with a 2.6% loss.</p>
        <p><xref ref-type="table" rid="t03">Table 1</xref> shows the epidemiological
					profile of the patients. Mean age ranged from 61 to 65 years. The male sex
					predominated in all three clinical conditions: 58.9%, 73.4% and 70% for unstable
					angina, NSTEMI and STEMI, respectively. The patients with unstable angina, as
					compared with the others, had a higher incidence of the risk factors
					dyslipidemia, hypertension, and smoking habit, and a higher prevalence of heart
					failure (HF) (67.3%, 84.1%, 30.4% and 15%, respectively). It is worth noting, in
					the NSTEMI group, the presence of lower rates of dyslipidemia (44.4%), of
					previous AMI (18.2%) and of diabetes mellitus (23.6%), and, in the STEMI group,
					a lower mean age (61 &#177; 12 years) and a high rate of diabetics (37.5%) and
					smokers (29.3%). The incidence of stroke was similar in the three clinical
					conditions.</p>
        <table-wrap id="t03">
          <label>Table 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Epidemiological profile</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="rows">
            <thead>
              <tr align="center">
                <th>&#160;</th>
                <th>
                  <bold>Unstable angina (767)</bold>
                </th>
                <th>
                  <bold>NSTEMI (800)</bold>
                </th>
                <th>
                  <bold>STEMI (846)</bold>
                </th>
                <th>
                  <bold>p</bold>
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>Age (mean &#177; SD)</td>
                <td align="center">64 &#177; 12</td>
                <td align="center">65 &#177; 12</td>
                <td align="center">61 &#177; 12</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Male sex, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">452 (58.9)</td>
                <td align="center">587 (73.4)</td>
                <td align="center">592 (70)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Dyslipidemia, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">516 (67.3)</td>
                <td align="center">355 (44.4)</td>
                <td align="center">490 (57.9)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Previous AMI, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">275 (35.9)</td>
                <td align="center">146 (18.2)</td>
                <td align="center">304 (35.9)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>SAH, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">645 (84.1)</td>
                <td align="center">544 (68)</td>
                <td align="center">66 (78.8)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Diabetes mellitus, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">246 (32.1)</td>
                <td align="center">189 (23.6)</td>
                <td align="center">317 (37.5)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Heart failure, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">119 (15.5)</td>
                <td align="center">54 (6.8)</td>
                <td align="center">92 (10.9)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Obesity, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">272 (35.5)</td>
                <td align="center">261 (32.6)</td>
                <td align="center">270 (31.9)</td>
                <td align="center">0.285</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Smoking, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">233 (30.4)</td>
                <td align="center">199 (24.9)</td>
                <td align="center">248 (29.3)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Stroke, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">68 (8.9)</td>
                <td align="center">53 (6.6)</td>
                <td align="center">68 (8)</td>
                <td align="center">0.247</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn>
              <p>NSTEMI: non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI:
								ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; SD: standard deviation;
								AMI: acute myocardial infarction; SAH: systemic arterial
								hypertension.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Of the drugs with an impact on acute coronary syndrome, ASA was the most often
					prescribed, with rates ranging from 97.6% on admission to 89.3% at six months
						(<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f06">Figure 1</xref>). The prescription rate of
					statins on admission was also high (90.6%). However, analyzing beta-blockers,
					ACEI/AT1RB, antithrombotic agents (unfractionated heparin, low-molecular weight
					heparin and fondaparinux heparin) and p2y12 inhibitors, prescription rates below
					90% on admission were observed (80.2%, 67.9%, 89.1% and 88.7%,
					respectively).</p>
        <fig id="f06" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Drug prescription rates in acute coronary syndrome within the first
							24 hours, on hospital discharge, and at 6 months.</title>
            <p>&#167; Except ASA; * significant reduction (p &lt; 0.05) at all three
							specified times; &#8224; significant reduction only at 6 months; &#8225; significant
							increase on hospital discharge compared to the first 24 hours and
							significant reduction at 6 months. ASA: acetylsalicylic acid; BB:
							beta-blocker; ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; AC:
							anticoagulants; APT: antiplatelet drug (p2y12 inhibitor).</p>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
        <p>Comparing the drug prescription rate on hospital discharge with that six months
					after the index event, a reduction was observed for all drugs, but more marked
					for ACEI/AT1RB, p2y12 inhibitors and beta-blockers [absolute reduction of 10%
					(67.6% to 57.6%), 24.5% (77.5% to 53%) and 6.7% (81.1% to 74.4%), respectively]
						(<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f06">Figure 1</xref>).</p>
        <p>Assessing the drug prescription rate according to the clinical findings,
					antiplatelet drugs (p2y12 inhibitor) were more often prescribed in patients with
					STEMI, followed by patients with NSTEMI and unstable angina (96.5% vs. 88.5% vs.
					82.9%, respectively). Antithrombotic drugs were more often used in patients with
					NSTEMI (93.4% vs. 88.1% vs. 85.5% for NSTEMI, STEMI and unstable angina,
					respectively). The prescription rates of the other drugs were similar in the
					three conditions (unstable angina, NSTEMI and STEMI) as follows: ASA, 96.9% vs.
					97.5% vs. 98.5%; ACEI, 68.2% vs. 66% vs. 69.8%; beta-blocker, 81.7% vs. 81.2%
					vs. 77.6%; and statin, 90.1% vs. 90.7 vs. 91.1%, respectively. Only the
					prescription rates of ASA and statins were over 90% in the three different
					conditions (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f07">Figure 2</xref>). In general, the
					prescription rate of statin increased from 90.6% to 93% on hospital discharge
						(<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f08">Figure 3</xref>). The ASA prescription rate
					remained stable, but the reductions in the prescription rates of ACEI and
					beta-blockers were greater in unstable angina, 4.3% and 3.4%, respectively.</p>
        <fig id="f07" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Drug prescription rates in acute coronary syndrome according to the
							clinical findings (unstable angina, NSTEMI and STEMI) on patient&#8217;s
							admission (24 hours).</title>
            <p>&#8224; Except ASA; * p &lt; 0.05. ASA: acetylsalicylic acid; BB: beta-blocker;
							ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; AC: anticoagulants; APT:
							antiplatelet drug (p2y12 inhibitor); NSTEMI: non-ST-segment elevation
							myocardial infarction; STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial
							infarction.</p>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf02-en.jpg"/></fig>
        <fig id="f08" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Drug prescription rates in acute coronary syndrome according to the
							clinical findings (unstable angina, NSTEMI and STEMI) on hospital
							discharge.</title>
            <p>&#8224; Except ASA; * p&lt;0.05. ASA: acetylsalicylic acid; BB: beta-blocker;
							ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; AC: anticoagulants; APT:
							antiplatelet drug (p2y12 inhibitor); NSTEMI: non-ST-segment elevation
							myocardial infarction; STEMI: ST-segment elevation myocardial
							infarction.</p>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf03-en.jpg"/></fig>
        <p>The presence of a cardiologist at the emergency room did not significantly
					increase evidence-based drug prescription rates, which were as follows according
					to the presence vs. absence of a cardiologist, respectively: ASA, 97.9% vs.
					98.3%; beta-blocker, 80.6% vs. 84.3%; ACEI, 68.5% vs. 69.6%; statin, 90.8% vs.
					92.2%; p2y12 inhibitor, 90.5% vs. 92.2% (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f09">Figure
						4</xref>).</p>
        <fig id="f09" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 4</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Drug prescription rates in acute coronary syndrome according to the
							presence or absence of a cardiologist on duty on patient&#8217;s
							admission.</title>
            <p>ASA: acetylsalicylic acid; BB: beta-blocker; ACEI: angiotensin-converting
							enzyme inhibitor.</p>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf04-en.jpg"/></fig>
        <p>Of the 846 patients admitted with STEMI, 705 (83.3%) received reperfusion therapy
					as follows: 71 with thrombolytic agents and 643 with primary angioplasty. Of the
					patients undergoing primary angioplasty, only 35.96% (n = 288) had a
					door-to-balloon time &lt; 90 minutes, while among those undergoing thrombolysis,
					that rate was even lower (n = 18; 25.35%) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f10">Figure
						5</xref>).</p>
        <fig id="f10" fig-type="other">
          <label>Figure 5</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Patients admitted with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial
							infarction, who met the requirements for myocardial reperfusion.</title>
            <p>pt: patients; min: minutes.</p>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-102-04-0319-40033-gf05-en.jpg"/></fig>
        <p>The use of beta-blockers, ACEI/AT1RB and statins proved to impact the rate of
					major cardiac events already on admission, with reductions in the relative risk
					at 12 months of 46.3% (p = 0.016), 31.9% (p &lt; 0.001) and 39.9% (p = 0.003),
					respectively (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t04">Table 2</xref>). The benefit of
					ASA became apparent only on the sixth month, an effect maintained in the long
					run, with a 38% relative reduction at 12 months (p = 0.013). The use of the
					p2y12 inhibitor reduced the cardiac event rate, but without statistical
					significance (p = 0.305).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t04">
          <label>Table 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Combined clinical events (death, reinfarction, cardiopulmonary
							arrest, stroke and severe bleeding) according to drug use</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="rows">
            <thead>
              <tr align="center">
                <th>&#160;</th>
                <th>
                  <bold>30 days n (%)</bold>
                </th>
                <th>
                  <bold>6 months n (%)</bold>
                </th>
                <th>
                  <bold>12 months n (%)</bold>
                </th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td colspan="4">
                  <bold>ASA</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Yes</td>
                <td align="center">140 (6.1)</td>
                <td align="center">225 (10.8)</td>
                <td align="center">269 (14.8)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>No</td>
                <td align="center">12 (9.4)</td>
                <td align="center">21 (18.4)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn01">*</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">27 (23.9)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn01">*</xref>
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td colspan="4">
                  <bold>Clopidogrel</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Yes</td>
                <td align="center">111 (5.9)</td>
                <td align="center">183 (10.7)</td>
                <td align="center">296 (14.8)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>No</td>
                <td align="center">41 (7.6)</td>
                <td align="center">63 (13)</td>
                <td align="center">75 (17)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td colspan="4">
                  <bold>Beta-blocker</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Yes</td>
                <td align="center">92 (4.7)</td>
                <td align="center">160 (9.1)</td>
                <td align="center">199 (12.9)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>No</td>
                <td align="center">58 (12.7)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn02">**</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">83 (39)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn02">**</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">94 (24.4)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn01">*</xref>
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td colspan="4">
                  <bold>ACE/AT1RB</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Yes</td>
                <td align="center">79 (4.8)</td>
                <td align="center">136 (9.2)</td>
                <td align="center">169 (13.2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>No</td>
                <td align="center">73 (9.3)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn02">**</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">110 (15.6)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn02">**</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">127 (19.4)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn02">**</xref>
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td colspan="4">
                  <bold>Statin</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Yes</td>
                <td align="center">127 (5.7)</td>
                <td align="center">214 (10.5)</td>
                <td align="center">261 (14.6)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>No</td>
                <td align="center">25 (14.7)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn02">**</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">32 (21.1)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn02">**</xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">35 (24.3)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="t04-fn02">**</xref>
								</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="t04-fn01">
              <label>*</label>
              <p>p &lt; 0.05;</p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="t04-fn02">
              <label>**</label>
              <p>p &lt; 0.001.</p>
            </fn>
            <fn>
              <p>ASA: acetylsalicylic acid; ACEI/AT1RB: angiotensin-converting enzyme
								inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor blocker</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discussion</title>
        <p>The most important findings in our registry were as follows: high prescription
					rates of antiplatelet drugs and statin in the first 24 hours; lower prescription
					rates of beta-blockers and ACEI/AT1RB; a significant reduction in the number of
					patients on medication, especially p2y12 inhibitors, ACEI/AT1RB, and
					beta-blockers six months after the event; less than half of the patients
					underwent myocardial reperfusion within the time limits established in the
					guidelines.</p>
        <p>Compared to the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> and the CRUSADE (Can Rapid Risk
					Stratification of Unstable Angina Patients Suppress Adverse Outcomes With Early
					Implementation of the ACC/AHA Guidelines) Initiative<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B09">9</xref>, the prescription rates of the five major drugs were
					higher in this registry. However, the time period in which those data were
					collected should be considered, as well as the programs of disclosure and
					implementation of the guidelines conducted during such period<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B01">1</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>. The ACute Coronary Events - a
					multinational Survey of current management Strategies (ACCESS) registry<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>, carried out in developing countries, to
					which Brazil has also contributed, has an epidemiological profile similar to
					that of the ACCEPT registry. They have also reported lower prescription rates of
					beta-blockers and thienopyridines. When compared to two other Brazilian
						registries<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref> recently published, the drug
					prescription rates were higher in this registry, which can be explained by the
					method of selecting the centers and the profile of patients<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref>.</p>
        <p>Fermann et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref> have reported that
					patients who received appropriate acute treatment upon hospital admission were
					more likely to be discharged on guideline-recommended therapy. However, in this
					study sample, the presence of a cardiologist at the emergency room on patient's
					admission did not increase the prescription rate of drugs that modify the
					natural history of acute coronary syndrome.</p>
        <p>Usually, ASA is highly used in all Brazilian<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B02">2</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B03">3</xref> and international<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>
					<sup>,</sup>
					<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref> registries. In this study sample, a
					high initial prescription rate of p2y12 inhibitors was observed, and, as
					compared to those registries previously published, that occurred to the
					detriment of the use of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors. Such result
					differs from that of the Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes
					Network (ACTION registry), which has reported higher prescription rates of GP
					IIb/IIIa inhibitors; despite the class I recommendation for clopidogrel, this
					drug was prescribed only to 59% of the patients, and, even more alarming, 28% of
					the patients received no double antiplatelet therapy<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref>. The low prescription rate of GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors in
					this registry might result from an association between a reduction in the
					recommendation grade and their elevated cost. The use of new antiplatelet drugs,
					such as prasugrel and ticagrelor, in this registry is low, possibly because it
					was only recently that they began to be commercialized in Brazil, during the
					conduction of this registry.</p>
        <p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and AT1RB belong to a well-established
					class of drugs for the treatment of patients with HF. The Heart Outcomes
					Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators (HOPE)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref> has shown that patients at high cardiovascular risk, such as
					those with post-AMI diabetes mellitus, who do not necessarily have systolic
					ventricular dysfunction also derive great benefit from ACEI therapy. Bagnall et
						al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref> have reported that nonprovision
					of that class of drugs may be due to subjective underestimation of patient risk
					and, hence, likely treatment benefit.</p>
        <p>It is worth noting that patients who would derive the greatest benefit from
					medication are precisely those who most seldom receive a prescription<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> (risk-treatment paradox)<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>. That paradox was observed in the
					present registry. Considering the clinical conditions in decreasing grade of
					severity, that is STEMI, NSTEMI and unstable angina, the rate of treatment with
					ACEI and beta-blockers was not proportional to the severity of the clinical
					findings. Regarding beta-blockers, contraindications, such as bronchial asthma,
					chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bradycardia, and shock, are causes of
					nonprovision of those drugs<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>; however,
					most of the time, the reason is not apparent<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref>. </p>
        <p>The delay to reperfusion in patients with STEMI has also been observed in other
						registries<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>. In the National
					Registry of Myocardial Infarction (NRMI), the percentage of patients reaching a
					door-to-balloon time under 90 minutes was only 29.3%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref>, and the mean door-to-needle time of 32 minutes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>. Those figures have decreased over time,
					mainly due to the creation of registries, which are useful to assess the
					performance of the services participating in them<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref>.</p>
        <p>In the CRUSADE Initiative, the hospitals with the greatest adherence to
					guidelines, the parameters assessed including the prescription of antiplatelet
					drugs, beta-blockers, ACEI/AT1RB and statins on hospital discharge, have shown
					lower mortality, with a reduction from 6.31% to 4.15%<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B09">9</xref>. Usually controlled clinical studies assess an isolated
					effect of a drug. Mukherjee et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref> have
					shown the synergic effect of the combined use of the above-mentioned four
					classes of drugs in acute coronary syndrome, with an odds ratio of 0.36 for one
					drug, and of 0.10 for four drugs.</p>
        <p>During hospitalization, the physician is responsible for drug prescription. In
					addition to assessing criteria for drug use, that professional has to consider
					contraindications and adverse effects of the drug in question. The lack of
					physicians' adherence to guidelines is multifactorial, ranging from considering
					that the guidelines interfere with their autonomy and recognizing the difficulty
					of acquiring new treatment methods<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>,
					until underestimating the disease's severity<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>. In addition to the factor 'physician', after hospital discharge,
					there is the variable 'patient', who does not use the drug prescribed due to the
					following reasons: drug cost; subjective perception that the drug does not
					improve symptoms; not understanding the benefit of treatment; fear of and
					difficulty in using several drugs<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>. The
					association of all those factors result in low adherence, which already begins
					on the first contact.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Limitations</title>
          <p>This registry's great limitation is being a nonrandomized observational
						study, in which the causality between the facts observed and the clinical
						outcomes cannot be inferred. Another limitation is the profile of the
						centers contributing to the data bank, 90% of which are tertiary hospitals
						with hemodynamic laboratories<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>,
						known to have greater adherence to guidelines<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>
						<sup>,</sup>
						<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref>. The contribution to the ACCEPT
						registry of centers with fewer resources is important to provide a real
						image of the quality of the care provided to the Brazilian population; thus,
						the implantation of new health care models, with draining systems from
						primary to more complex centers, in several Brazilian cities should be
							considered<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref>
						<sup>,</sup>
						<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref>.</p>
          <p>Neither the reasons why physicians do not prescribe a certain drug nor the
						long-term adherence were assessed in this registry. In addition, the number
						of patients meeting the secondary prevention goals was not evaluated.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclusion</title>
        <p>The quality of the care provided to patients with acute coronary syndrome in the
					ACCEPT registry, assessed by the percentage of patients on the drugs known to
					improve survival in that syndrome, is greater than that of other international
					registries. However, considering the ideal drug prescription rate as being close
					to 95%, there is still room for improvement<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B04">4</xref>. The SBC initiative of promoting the creation of registries in
					several areas of cardiology, reflecting the health care provided to patients
					with cardiovascular disease, will allow the improvement of the quality of that
					care by both the SBC and the government.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Study Association</bold>
          </p>
          <p>This study is not associated with any post-graduation program.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research: Santos ES, Piva e Mattos LA, Berwanger
						O, Andrade JP; Acquisition of data: Neuenschwander FC, Moreira CM, Santos
						ES, Reis HJL, Romano ER, Piva e Mattos LA, Berwanger O, Andrade JP;
						Statistical analysis and Analysis and interpretation of the data: Wang R,
						Piva e Mattos LA, Berwanger O; Obtaining funding: Piva e Mattos LA,
						Berwanger O, Andrade JP; Writing of the manuscript: Wang R, Neuenschwander
						FC, Lima Filho A, Moreira CM; Critical revision of the manuscript for
						intellectual content: Wang R, Neuenschwander FC, Lima Filho A, Moreira CM,
						Berwanger O.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
          <p>
            <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
          </p>
          <p>This study was funded by Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
