<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" specific-use="sps-1.9" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="pt" article-type="case-report">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">GxqkdBdRDYwYBTFGPNXSFhf</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2013002800016</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(13)10100200016</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20130156</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Correla&#231;&#227;o Cl&#237;nico-Radiogr&#225;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Caso 4/2013: mulher com transposi&#231;&#227;o das grandes art&#233;rias em evolu&#231;&#227;o corretiva tardia</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Atik</surname>
            <given-names>Edmar</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>101</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>e29</fpage>
      <lpage>e30</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>09</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>CORRELA&#199;&#195;O CL&#205;NICO-RADIOGR&#193;FICA</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Caso 4/2013 - mulher com transposi&#231;&#227;o das grandes art&#233;rias em evolu&#231;&#227;o corretiva tardia</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Edmar Atik</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Cl&#237;nica privada do Dr Edmar Atik, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end">Correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave:</bold> Cardiopatias Cong&#234;nitas, Transposi&#231;&#227;o dos Grandes Vasos / cirurgia, Comunica&#231;&#227;o Interventricular / complica&#231;&#245;es, Coarta&#231;&#227;o A&#243;rtica.</p>
    <p><bold>Dados cl&#237;nicos:</bold> Ap&#243;s corre&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica de transposi&#231;&#227;o das grandes art&#233;rias associada a outros defeitos e em insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, iniciando-se por coartectomia t&#233;rmino-terminal e bandagem do tronco pulmonar com tr&#234;s meses (peso = 3.800 g) e t&#233;cnica de Jatene com fechamento da comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular e debandagem pulmonar pulmonar com 10 meses (peso = 5200 g), apresentou boa evolu&#231;&#227;o posterior. Houve recupera&#231;&#227;o ponderal e manteve-se sem sintomas, apesar do surgimento de estenose do tronco pulmonar com 5 anos de idade, aliviada ap&#243;s dilata&#231;&#227;o por cateter-bal&#227;o, obtendo-se da&#237; diminui&#231;&#227;o do gradiente de press&#227;o de 72 para 26 mmHg. Desde ent&#227;o usa propranolol 40 mg/dia por discreta mas persistente estenose da via de sa&#237;da do ventr&#237;culo direito. Atualmente tolera bem os exerc&#237;cios rotineiros e n&#227;o refere sintomas.</p>
    <p><bold>Exame f&#237;sico:</bold> Bom estado geral, eupneica, acian&#243;tica, pulsos normais. Peso: 73 kg. Altura: 156 cm. Press&#227;o arterial de membro superior direito (PAMSD) e press&#227;o arterial de membro inferior direito (PAMID) = 130/80 mm Hg. Frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca (FC): 73 bpm. A aorta n&#227;o era palpada e h&#225; sopro sist&#243;lico discreto na f&#250;rcula.</p>
    <p>No prec&#243;rdio, o <italic>ictus cordis</italic> n&#227;o era palpado e n&#227;o havia impuls&#245;es sist&#243;licas. As bulhas card&#237;acas eram normofon&#233;ticas e auscultava-se sopro sist&#243;lico moderado, de intensidade ++, rude, na borda esternal esquerda alta, sem fr&#234;mito. O f&#237;gado n&#227;o era palpado e os pulm&#245;es estavam limpos.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Exames complementares</bold>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Eletrocardiograma:</bold> mostrava ritmo sinusal, sem sinais de sobrecarga, inalterado desde a corre&#231;&#227;o dos defeitos. Eixo el&#233;trico da onda P (AP): +50&#186;. Eixo el&#233;trico do complexo QRS (AQRS): +70&#186;. Eixo el&#233;trico da onda T (AT): +70&#186; (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a16fig01">Figura 1</xref>). </p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <fig id="a16fig01">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0e29-30156-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Radiografia de t&#243;rax:</bold> mostrou &#225;rea card&#237;aca normal e trama vascular pulmonar normal (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a16fig01">Figura 1</xref>).</p>
    <p><bold>Ecocardiograma:</bold> mostrou cavidades card&#237;acas com dimens&#245;es normais, sem hipertrofia mioc&#225;rdica (septo = parede posterior = 10 mm) e gradiente de press&#227;o de 40 mmHg na via de sa&#237;da do ventr&#237;culo direito. Na aorta descendente n&#227;o se detectou qualquer gradiente de press&#227;o. </p>
    <p><bold>Tomografia tor&#225;cica da aorta:</bold> mostrou discreta hipertrofia do ventr&#237;culo direito, dilata&#231;&#227;o discreta na regi&#227;o &#237;stmica da aorta, no local da corre&#231;&#227;o da coarta&#231;&#227;o pr&#233;via, e fun&#231;&#227;o biventricular normal. A dilata&#231;&#227;o da neoaorta ascendente persiste, decorrente do tronco pulmonar dilatado, submetido a hiperfluxo por longo per&#237;odo de tempo pr&#233;-operat&#243;rio (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a16fig02">Figura 2</xref>).</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <fig id="a16fig02">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0e29-30156-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Diagn&#243;stico cl&#237;nico:</bold> Transposi&#231;&#227;o das grandes art&#233;rias associada a comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular e coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta corrigidas de forma estadiada e em boa evolu&#231;&#227;o p&#243;s-operat&#243;ria tardia, com discreta estenose na via de sa&#237;da do ventr&#237;culo direito.</p>
    <p><bold>Racioc&#237;nio cl&#237;nico:</bold> Os elementos cl&#237;nicos evolutivos eram compat&#237;veis com o diagn&#243;stico de obstru&#231;&#227;o discreta na via de sa&#237;da do ventr&#237;culo direito. Apesar do sopro sist&#243;lico n&#237;tido e do gradiente de press&#227;o de 40 mmHg encontrado no ecocardiograma, a aus&#234;ncia de potenciais do ventr&#237;culo direito no eletrocardiograma atesta a discreta repercuss&#227;o da obstru&#231;&#227;o din&#226;mica.</p>
    <p><bold>Diagn&#243;stico diferencial:</bold> Ap&#243;s a corre&#231;&#227;o anat&#244;mica da transposi&#231;&#227;o das grandes art&#233;rias, a estenose da neopulmonar era mais encontrada nos pacientes operados nos prim&#243;rdios dessa t&#233;cnica, e na maioria delas havia a necessidade de amplia&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica da obstru&#231;&#227;o. A dilata&#231;&#227;o por cateter-bal&#227;o raramente era eficaz, como ali&#225;s ocorreu neste caso. A continuidade da estenose subpulmonar din&#226;mica se tornou elemento de diagn&#243;stico diferencial com anomalia nativa nessa regi&#227;o, de dif&#237;cil diferencia&#231;&#227;o.</p>
    <p><bold>Conduta:</bold> Adotou-se conduta expectante cl&#237;nica, guiada pelo gradiente de press&#227;o de 40 mmHg e eletrocardiograma normal, express&#245;es da repercuss&#227;o discreta da obstru&#231;&#227;o na via de sa&#237;da do ventr&#237;culo direito.</p>
    <p><bold>Coment&#225;rios:</bold> A evolu&#231;&#227;o p&#243;s-operat&#243;ria ap&#243;s a corre&#231;&#227;o da transposi&#231;&#227;o das grandes art&#233;rias, mesmo com defeitos associados, como comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular e coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta, tem se mostrado adequada mesmo a longo prazo, como se demonstra no caso relatado. As complica&#231;&#245;es evolutivas ap&#243;s a corre&#231;&#227;o anat&#244;mica de Jatene, como estenose da art&#233;ria pulmonar, obstru&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria e insufici&#234;ncia a&#243;rtica, t&#234;m se tornado cada vez mais raras em face das mudan&#231;as t&#233;cnicas adequadas ao longo do tempo. A evolu&#231;&#227;o dessa paciente salienta a normaliza&#231;&#227;o dos elementos anatomofuncionais encontrados na transposi&#231;&#227;o das grandes art&#233;rias. Por isso esse defeito cong&#234;nito se tornou um daqueles nos quais se obt&#233;m a cura anatomofuncional, mesmo pertencendo ao grupo de anomalias cianog&#234;nicas e com acentuado dist&#250;rbio hemodin&#226;mico pr&#233;vio. Este caso exemplifica a evolu&#231;&#227;o adequada observada ap&#243;s a corre&#231;&#227;o anat&#244;mica de Jatene a longo prazo.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="end" fn-type="corresp">
        <label>
          <bold>Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold>
        </label>
        <p> Edmar Atik </p>
        <p> Rua Dona Adma Jafet 74, cj 73 </p>
        <p> 01308-050 S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="conatik@incor.usp.br">conatik@incor.usp.br</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
  </body>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Clinicalradiological Session</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Case 4/2013: woman with transposition of the great arteries and delayed corrective progress</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>CLINICORADIOLOGICAL SESSION</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Case 4/2013 - woman with transposition of the great arteries and delayed corrective progress</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Edmar Atik</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Cl&#237;nica privada do Dr Edmar Atik, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</p>
      <p>
        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end-body2">Mailing Address</xref>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Keywords:</bold> Heart Defects, Congenital; Transposition of Great Vessels / surgery; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / complications; Aortic Coarctation.</p>
      <p><bold>Clinical Data:</bold> After surgical correction of the transposition of the great arteries associated with other defects and heart failure, beginning with termino-terminal coartectomy and pulmonary artery banding at three months (weight = 3800 g) and use of the Jatene technique with the closing off of interventricular communication, and pulmonary banding at ten months (weight = 5200 g), the patient progressed well, recovering weight and remaining symptom-free, despite the appearance of pulmonary artery stenosis at five years of age, improved after dilation by balloon catheter and resulting in a reduction in the pressure gradient, down from 72 mmHg to 26 mmHg. Since then, she has been taking 40 mg/day of propranolol for slight but persistent stenosis of the right ventricular outflow tract. She currently tolerates routine exercises well and does not mention symptoms.</p>
      <p><bold>Physical Examination:</bold> Good general condition, eupneic, acyanotic, normal pulse. Weight: 73 kg. Height: 156 cm. Right Arm Blood Pressure (RABP) and Right Leg Blood Pressure (RLBP) = 130/80 mm Hg. Heart rate (HR): 73 bpm. The aorta was not palpated and there is a mild systolic murmur at the suprasternal notch.</p>
      <p>In the precordium, the <italic>ictus cordis</italic> was not palpated and there were no systolic impulses. The heart sounds were normophonetic, auscultating a moderate systolic murmur of ++ intensity, harsh, on the upper left sternal edge. The liver was not palpated and the lungs were clear.</p>
      <p><bold>Electrocardiogram: </bold>showed the sinus rhythm, with no signs of overload, unaltered since the correction of the defects. Electrical axis of P wave (PA): +50&#186;. Electrical axis of the QRS complex (QRSA): +70&#186;. Electrical axis of the T wave (TA): +70&#186; (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a16fig01-body2">Figure 1</xref>).</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <fig id="en_a16fig01-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0e29-30156-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Chest X-ray: </bold>showed the cardiac area as normal, with the pulmonary vascular network also normal (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a16fig01-body2">figure 1</xref>).</p>
      <p><bold>Echocardiogram:</bold> showed cardiac cavities with normal dimensions with no myocardial hypertrophy (septum - posterior wall = 10 mm) and a 40 mmHg pressure gradient in the right ventricular outflow tract. A pressure gradient was detected in the descending aorta.</p>
      <p><bold>Chest Tomography of the Aorta:</bold> showed mild hypertrophy of the right ventricle, slight dilation in the aortic isthmus region at the location of the previous coarctation correction, and normal biventricular function. The dilation of the ascending neoaorta persists, due to the dilated pulmonary artery, subject to hyperflow over a lengthy period of time, pre-operative (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a16fig02-body2">Figure 2</xref>).</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <fig id="en_a16fig02-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0e29-30156-gf02-en.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Clinical Diagnosis: </bold>Transposition of the great arteries associated with interventricular communication and aortic coarctation corrected in stages, with good late post-operative progress and with mild stenosis in the right ventricular outflow tract.</p>
      <p><bold>Clinical Reasoning: </bold>The clinical elements of her progress were compatible with the diagnosis of a slight obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract. Despite the clear systolic murmur and the pressure gradient of 40 mmHg found in the echocardiogram, the absence of right ventricle potentials in the electrocardiogram attests to the slight repercussion of the dynamic obstruction.</p>
      <p><bold>Differential Diagnosis:</bold> After anatomical correction of the transposition of the great arteries, neopulmonary stenosis was found more frequently among patients undergoing surgery in the early days of this technique, with most of them requiring surgical expansion of the obstruction. Dilation by balloon catheter was rarely effective, as also occurred in this case. The continuation of dynamic subpulmonary stenosis became an element for differential diagnosis with native anomalies in this region that are hard to distinguish.</p>
      <p><bold>Conduit:</bold> Watchful clinical conduct was adopted, guided by the 40 mmHg pressure gradient and normal electrocardiogram, as expressions of the slight repercussion of the right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.</p>
      <p><bold>Remarks: </bold>Post-operative progress after the correction of the transposition of the great arteries, despite associated defects such as interventricular communication and aortic coarctation, has proven adequate even over the long term, as shown in this case report. Complications in progress after anatomical correction using the Jatene technique, such as pulmonary artery stenosis, coronary obstruction and aortic insufficiency, have become increasingly rare, due to appropriate technical alterations over time. The progress of this patient underscores the normalization of anatomical and functional elements found in the transposition of the great arteries. This is why this congenital defect has become a condition with an anatomical and functional cure, despite belonging to the cyanogenic anomalies group and with marked prior hemodynamic disorders. This case exemplifies adequate progress noted after anatomical correction through the Jatene technique over the long term.</p>
      <p>
        <fn id="end-body2" fn-type="corresp">
          <label>
            <bold>Mailing Address:</bold>
          </label>
          <p> Edmar Atik</p>
          <p> Rua Dona Adma Jafet 74, cj 73 01308-050</p>
          <p> S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</p>
          <p> E-mail: </p>
          <p>
            <email xlink:href="conatik@incor.usp.br">conatik@incor.usp.br</email>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
