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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">76gkgKZBXwH8YBFktVy7rpf</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2013002800012</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(13)10100200012</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20130141</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Artigos Originais</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Valida&#231;&#227;o do &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til (IIFE) para uso no Brasil</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gonz&#225;les</surname>
            <given-names>Ana In&#234;s</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sties</surname>
            <given-names>Sabrina Weiss</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Wittkopf</surname>
            <given-names>Priscilla Geraldine</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mara</surname>
            <given-names>Louren&#231;o Sampaio de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ulbrich</surname>
            <given-names>Anderson Zampier</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cardoso</surname>
            <given-names>Fernando Luiz</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Carvalho</surname>
            <given-names>Tales de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Florian&#243;polis</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">Santa Catarina</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina</institution>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>101</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>176</fpage>
      <lpage>182</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>01</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2012</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>16</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2013</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2012</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>FUNDAMENTO: O &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til tem sido proposto como m&#233;todo de avalia&#231;&#227;o da fun&#231;&#227;o sexual, auxiliando no diagn&#243;stico e na classifica&#231;&#227;o da disfun&#231;&#227;o er&#233;til. No entanto, n&#227;o foi realizada a valida&#231;&#227;o do IIFE para a l&#237;ngua portuguesa. OBJETIVO: Validar o &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til em pacientes portadores de doen&#231;as cardiopulmonares e metab&#243;licas. M&#201;TODOS: A amostra foi composta por 108 participantes portadores de doen&#231;as cardiopulmonares e metab&#243;licas de dois programas de reabilita&#231;&#227;o cardiopulmonar e metab&#243;lica (RCPM) do sul do Brasil. A avalia&#231;&#227;o da clareza do instrumento foi realizada por meio de escala com varia&#231;&#227;o de 0-10, a valida&#231;&#227;o de construto foi realizada pela an&#225;lise fatorial confirmat&#243;ria (KMO = 0,85, Barllet p &lt; 0,001), a consist&#234;ncia interna foi analisada pelo alfa de Cronbach. Foram analisados, ainda, os preceitos de reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade interavaliadores por meio do teste reteste. RESULTADOS: Os itens foram julgados muito claros, com m&#233;dias superiores a 9. A consist&#234;ncia interna resultou em 0,89. A maioria das quest&#245;es relacionou-se corretamente com seus respectivos dom&#237;nios, com exce&#231;&#227;o das tr&#234;s quest&#245;es do dom&#237;nio satisfa&#231;&#227;o sexual e uma quest&#227;o relacionada &#224; fun&#231;&#227;o er&#233;til. Os itens apresentaram excelente estabilidade de medida e concord&#226;ncia substancial quase perfeita. CONCLUS&#195;O: Demonstrou-se que o IIFE &#233; v&#225;lido e bem compreendido por pacientes que participam de programa de reabilita&#231;&#227;o cardiopulmonar e metab&#243;lica.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt" kwd-group-type="author-generated">
        <kwd>Disfun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til</kwd>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares</kwd>
        <kwd>Reabilita&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Sa&#250;de Sexual</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>09</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>Valida&#231;&#227;o do &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til (IIFE) para uso no Brasil</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Ana In&#234;s Gonz&#225;les; Sabrina Weiss Sties; Priscilla Geraldine Wittkopf; Louren&#231;o Sampaio de Mara; Anderson Zampier Ulbrich; Fernando Luiz Cardoso; Tales de Carvalho</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florian&#243;polis, SC - Brasil</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end">Correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>RESUMO</bold>
    </p>
    <p><bold>FUNDAMENTO:</bold> O &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til tem sido proposto como m&#233;todo de avalia&#231;&#227;o da fun&#231;&#227;o sexual, auxiliando no diagn&#243;stico e na classifica&#231;&#227;o da disfun&#231;&#227;o er&#233;til. No entanto, n&#227;o foi realizada a valida&#231;&#227;o do IIFE para a l&#237;ngua portuguesa. </p>
    <p><bold>OBJETIVO:</bold> Validar o &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til em pacientes portadores de doen&#231;as cardiopulmonares e metab&#243;licas. </p>
    <p><bold>M&#201;TODOS:</bold> A amostra foi composta por 108 participantes portadores de doen&#231;as cardiopulmonares e metab&#243;licas de dois programas de reabilita&#231;&#227;o cardiopulmonar e metab&#243;lica (RCPM) do sul do Brasil. A avalia&#231;&#227;o da clareza do instrumento foi realizada por meio de escala com varia&#231;&#227;o de 0-10, a valida&#231;&#227;o de construto foi realizada pela an&#225;lise fatorial confirmat&#243;ria (KMO = 0,85, <italic>Barllet</italic> p &lt; 0,001), a consist&#234;ncia interna foi analisada pelo alfa de Cronbach. Foram analisados, ainda, os preceitos de reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade interavaliadores por meio do teste reteste. </p>
    <p><bold>RESULTADOS:</bold> Os itens foram julgados muito claros, com m&#233;dias superiores a 9. A consist&#234;ncia interna resultou em 0,89. A maioria das quest&#245;es relacionou-se corretamente com seus respectivos dom&#237;nios, com exce&#231;&#227;o das tr&#234;s quest&#245;es do dom&#237;nio satisfa&#231;&#227;o sexual e uma quest&#227;o relacionada &#224; fun&#231;&#227;o er&#233;til. Os itens apresentaram excelente estabilidade de medida e concord&#226;ncia substancial quase perfeita. </p>
    <p><bold>CONCLUS&#195;O:</bold> Demonstrou-se que o IIFE &#233; v&#225;lido e bem compreendido por pacientes que participam de programa de reabilita&#231;&#227;o cardiopulmonar e metab&#243;lica.</p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave:</bold> Disfun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til, Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares, Reabilita&#231;&#227;o, Sa&#250;de Sexual.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</bold>
    </p>
    <p>A fun&#231;&#227;o sexual &#233; parte fundamental para uma viv&#234;ncia satisfat&#243;ria. No entanto, alguns indiv&#237;duos apresentam problemas sexuais, como transtornos do desejo, de dor, da excita&#231;&#227;o e do orgasmo, entre outros<sup>1</sup>.</p>
    <p>A disfun&#231;&#227;o sexual (DS) &#233; uma desordem comum, com preval&#234;ncia entre 20-30% na popula&#231;&#227;o masculina mundial<sup>2</sup>. Estima-se que mais de 152 milh&#245;es de homens em todo o mundo apresentem algum grau de disfun&#231;&#227;o er&#233;til (DE)<sup>3</sup>. No Brasil, esse &#237;ndice &#233; de 45% na popula&#231;&#227;o maior de 18 anos<sup>4,5</sup>. A DE afeta mais de 52% dos homens com idade entre 40-70 anos<sup>6</sup>. Trata-se de um relevante problema de sa&#250;de universal que tem forte correla&#231;&#227;o com as doen&#231;as cardiovasculares<sup>7-10</sup>, as quais compartilham mecanismos fisiopatol&#243;gicos e fatores de risco semelhantes, como hipertens&#227;o, diabetes, dislipidemia, obesidade, sedentarismo e tabagismo<sup>8,11</sup>.</p>
    <p>O diagn&#243;stico de DE pode ser realizado por meio da monitora&#231;&#227;o peniana noturna<sup>8</sup>, Doppler peniano, cavernossonografia, arteriografia p&#233;lvica, estudos neurol&#243;gicos, como pesquisa do reflexo bulbocavernoso, estudos endocrinol&#243;gicos, avalia&#231;&#245;es de psicodiagn&#243;stico, entre outros<sup>12</sup>. Contudo, a t&#233;cnica de autorrelato dos pacientes tem sido proposta como m&#233;todo de avalia&#231;&#227;o da fun&#231;&#227;o sexual, al&#233;m de diagnosticar e classificar a DE em ensaios cl&#237;nicos<sup>13</sup>.</p>
    <p>Os instrumentos de avalia&#231;&#227;o multidimensionais t&#234;m sido propostos para a avalia&#231;&#227;o da DE<sup>14</sup>. Entre os utilizados atualmente encontram-se o Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory<sup>15</sup>, o quociente sexual masculino (QSM)<sup>16</sup> e o International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)<sup>14</sup>, que &#233; o mais utilizado, sendo considerado "padr&#227;o-ouro" pelas entidades mundiais de sa&#250;de<sup>17</sup>.</p>
    <p>O IIEF foi validado em 32 l&#237;nguas<sup>13</sup> e utilizado para avaliar a fun&#231;&#227;o sexual de portadores de doen&#231;as cardiovasculares<sup>18,19</sup> e metab&#243;licas<sup>19-21</sup>.</p>
    <p>No Brasil, Ferraz e Cicconelli<sup>22</sup> realizaram a tradu&#231;&#227;o e a adapta&#231;&#227;o transcultural do IIFE para a l&#237;ngua portuguesa. No entanto, n&#227;o foi realizada a sua valida&#231;&#227;o. Diante do exposto, e por haver forte correla&#231;&#227;o entre DE e doen&#231;as cardiovasculares, o objetivo do presente estudo &#233; validar o &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til em pacientes portadores de doen&#231;as cardiopulmonares e metab&#243;licas, permitindo sua aplica&#231;&#227;o na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica e triagem diagn&#243;stica da DE nessa popula&#231;&#227;o.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>M&#233;todos</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Instrumentos e procedimentos</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal com amostragem n&#227;o probabil&#237;stica. Participaram do estudo homens integrantes h&#225; pelo menos tr&#234;s meses de dois programas de reabilita&#231;&#227;o cardiopulmonar e metab&#243;lica (RCPM) no sul do Brasil.</p>
    <p>Em fun&#231;&#227;o dos diferentes tipos de an&#225;lises necess&#225;rios em um processo de valida&#231;&#227;o, as coletas de dados foram feitas em duas etapas. Inicialmente foram entrevistados 78 indiv&#237;duos. Posteriormente foram entrevistados 30 indiv&#237;duos em dois momentos, com intervalo de sete dias apenas apara as an&#225;lises de reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade. Foram exclu&#237;dos os indiv&#237;duos que n&#227;o apresentaram vida sexual ativa no &#250;ltimo m&#234;s. A <xref ref-type="table" rid="tab01">Tabela 1</xref> apresenta as caracter&#237;sticas dos participantes do estudo.</p>
    <table-wrap id="tab01">
      <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt01.jpg"/></table-wrap>
    <p>Ap&#243;s explana&#231;&#227;o dos objetivos do estudo, todos assinaram o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa (117/2010), de acordo com a Resolu&#231;&#227;o 196/96 do Conselho Nacional de Sa&#250;de. Os pesquisadores agendaram um hor&#225;rio que melhor se adequasse &#224; rotina dos participantes. A coleta foi realizada tomando-se cuidado para que n&#227;o existissem interfer&#234;ncias externas, sendo cada participante do estudo entrevistado individualmente por pesquisadores que atuam em programas de RCPM. O tempo de aplica&#231;&#227;o do question&#225;rio, somando-se a resposta da clareza dos participantes, foi de aproximadamente 14 minutos.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Caracteriza&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica e sociodemogr&#225;fica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Inicialmente foi utilizado um question&#225;rio semiestruturado com perguntas que abordaram aspectos relacionados aos fatores de risco cardiovasculares (hipertens&#227;o arterial/diabetes/hipercolesterolemia/obesidade/tabagismo) e ao diagn&#243;stico m&#233;dico.</p>
    <p>Para classifica&#231;&#227;o socioecon&#244;mica foi utilizado o crit&#233;rio-padr&#227;o de classifica&#231;&#227;o econ&#244;mica (Brasil/2008), da Associa&#231;&#227;o Brasileira das Empresas de Pesquisa<sup>23</sup>, que avalia itens existentes na resid&#234;ncia do participante e a escolaridade do chefe da fam&#237;lia. O question&#225;rio tem alta rela&#231;&#227;o com a renda familiar (r = 0,785 e r<sup>2</sup> = 62%).</p>
    <p>
      <bold>&#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til</bold>
    </p>
    <p>O &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til foi desenvolvido e validado por Rosen e cols.<sup>14</sup>, com a finalidade de criar um question&#225;rio curto e reprodut&#237;vel para mensura&#231;&#227;o da fun&#231;&#227;o er&#233;til que fosse cultural, lingu&#237;stica e psicometricamente v&#225;lido. O instrumento poderia tamb&#233;m ser utilizado por m&#233;dicos e pesquisadores em ensaios cl&#237;nicos terap&#234;uticos como mais um par&#226;metro da avalia&#231;&#227;o da efic&#225;cia/efetividade das diversas interven&#231;&#245;es hoje propostas<sup>22</sup>. Vale ressaltar que o IIFE foi desenvolvido exclusivamente para o uso em relacionamento entre homens e suas parceiras<sup>26</sup>.</p>
    <p> O question&#225;rio &#233; composto de 15 quest&#245;es, agrupadas em cinco dom&#237;nios: fun&#231;&#227;o er&#233;til, orgasmo, desejo sexual, satisfa&#231;&#227;o sexual e satisfa&#231;&#227;o geral. Cada quest&#227;o tem valor que varia de 1 a 5, e a soma das respostas gera escore final para cada dom&#237;nio, com valores baixos indicando qualidade da vida sexual ruim.</p>
    <p>Capelleri e cols.<sup>26</sup> sugerem que a DE pode ser classificada em cinco categorias, a partir do dom&#237;nio fun&#231;&#227;o er&#233;til, variando com escore m&#237;nimo de 6 e m&#225;ximo de 30, para pacientes com vida sexual ativa, conforme <xref ref-type="table" rid="tab02">Tabela 2</xref>.</p>
    <table-wrap id="tab02">
      <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt02.jpg"/></table-wrap>
    <p>
      <bold>An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>A an&#225;lise descritiva foi apresentada em m&#233;dia, desvio-padr&#227;o e frequ&#234;ncia. Os dados foram analisados no programa <italic>Statistical Package for the Social Sciences</italic> (SPSS<sup>&#174;</sup> ) vers&#227;o 20.0 para Windows<sup>&#174;</sup>.</p>
    <p>A avalia&#231;&#227;o da clareza do instrumento foi realizada por meio de escala com varia&#231;&#227;o de zero (nada claro) a 10 (muito claro)<sup>27</sup>. Para an&#225;lise dessa etapa foi utilizado o recurso da estat&#237;stica descritiva m&#233;dia, mediana e intervalo interquartil.</p>
    <p>Para avaliar a validade de construto foi utilizada a an&#225;lise fatorial confirmat&#243;ria. Para verificar a adequa&#231;&#227;o dos dados utilizou-se o &#237;ndice de Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO), uma medida da fatorabilidade das matrizes de correla&#231;&#227;o em que a an&#225;lise fatorial est&#225; baseada. Em seguida, realizou-se o teste de esfericidade de Bartlett para verificar se os dados atendem ao pr&#233;-requisito de esfericidade.</p>
    <p>A an&#225;lise fatorial do instrumento foi realizada por meio do m&#233;todo de componentes principais para extra&#231;&#227;o dos fatores, utilizando para a extra&#231;&#227;o n&#250;mero fixo de fatores igual a 5. Estabeleceu-se 0,4 como a carga m&#237;nima para que a quest&#227;o fizesse parte do fator. Para interpreta&#231;&#227;o da matriz, foi aplicado o m&#233;todo de extra&#231;&#227;o dos componentes principais pela rota&#231;&#227;o ortogonal, por meio do m&#233;todo <italic>varimax</italic>.</p>
    <p>Para avaliar a consist&#234;ncia interna do instrumento, foi utilizado o alfa de Cronbach (com valor m&#237;nimo 0,6). Para avaliar a reprodutibilidade, utilizou-se o coeficiente de correla&#231;&#227;o intraclasse (R), sendo esta classificada como: R &lt; 0,4, pobre; 0,4 <underline>&lt;</underline> R &lt; 0,75, satisfat&#243;ria; R <underline>&gt;</underline> 0,75, excelente<sup>28</sup>.</p>
    <p>A confiabilidade interavaliador foi verificada pelo coeficiente de concord&#226;ncia para escalas nominais (<italic>kappa</italic>) com classifica&#231;&#227;o dos itens avaliados propostos por Landis e Koch<sup>29</sup>.</p>
    <p>A concord&#226;ncia medida pelo <italic>kappa</italic> seguiu a orienta&#231;&#227;o da literatura especializada compreendendo: <italic>kappa </italic>&lt; 0,00 = quase inexistente; 0-0,19 = pequena; 0,20-0,39 = insatisfat&#243;ria; 0,40-0,59 = moderada; 0,60-0,79 = substancial; 0,80-1,00, quase perfeita<sup>29</sup>.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Resultados</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Ao analisar a clareza, todas as quest&#245;es do &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til obtiveram m&#233;dias superiores a 9 e a mediana de todas as quest&#245;es resultou em 10, demonstrando que as quest&#245;es do instrumento foram julgadas muito claras (<xref ref-type="table" rid="aop_5248tab03">Tabela 3</xref>).</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <table-wrap id="aop_5248tab03">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt03.jpg"/></table-wrap>
    </p>
    <p>No que se refere &#224; validade de construto, o teste de KMO obteve resultado de 0,85 e, somado ao teste de Barllet (p &lt; 0,001), indicou que os dados eram adequados para a realiza&#231;&#227;o da an&#225;lise fatorial.</p>
    <p>Ao observar a matriz, foi verificado que a maioria das quest&#245;es carregou corretamente em seus respectivos dom&#237;nios, com exce&#231;&#227;o do dom&#237;nio satisfa&#231;&#227;o sexual, que compreende as quest&#245;es 6, 7 e 8, as quais apresentaram fator de confus&#227;o. A quest&#227;o 1 igualmente carregou em outro fator (<xref ref-type="table" rid="aop_5248tab04">Tabela 4</xref>).</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <table-wrap id="aop_5248tab04">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt04.jpg"/></table-wrap>
    </p>
    <p>A extra&#231;&#227;o dos cinco fatores explicou 75,8% da vari&#226;ncia total das respostas dos sujeitos.</p>
    <p>Quando realizada a an&#225;lise da consist&#234;ncia interna dos dom&#237;nios, foi verificado que a satisfa&#231;&#227;o sexual apresentou valor de 0,55, abaixo do aceito (0,6) para esse estudo (<xref ref-type="table" rid="aop_5248tab05">Tabela 5</xref>). O valor baixo da consist&#234;ncia interna nesse dom&#237;nio corrobora a an&#225;lise fatorial em que as quest&#245;es correspondentes a esse dom&#237;nio apresentaram fator de confus&#227;o.</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <table-wrap id="aop_5248tab05">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt05.jpg"/></table-wrap>
    </p>
    <p>A <xref ref-type="table" rid="aop_5248tab06">Tabela 6</xref> mostra os resultados da an&#225;lise de reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade interavaliador. Os valores de reprodutibilidade apresentaram-se significativos em todos os itens (p &lt; 0,001), com valores de R maior que 0,75 em todas as quest&#245;es do question&#225;rio, sendo classificados como excelentes (<xref ref-type="table" rid="aop_5248tab06">Tabela 6</xref>). A confiabilidade interavaliador, avaliada por meio do coeficiente de <italic>kappa</italic>, apresentou valores significativos para todos os itens (p &lt; 0,005) e demonstrou concord&#226;ncia moderada apenas na quest&#227;o 11 (<italic>k </italic>= 0,594), substancial e quase perfeita no restante das quest&#245;es do IIFE.</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <table-wrap id="aop_5248tab06">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt06.jpg"/></table-wrap>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Discuss&#227;o</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Estudos t&#234;m demonstrado a forte correla&#231;&#227;o entre os escores de fun&#231;&#227;o sexual, as doen&#231;as cardiovasculares e a qualidade de vida em pacientes com doen&#231;a cardiopulmonar e metab&#243;lica<sup>30-32</sup>. A complexidade e a subjetividade dos elementos que abrangem a fun&#231;&#227;o sexual, a dificuldade de avalia&#231;&#227;o e o grande n&#250;mero de fatores que a influenciam podem explicar o pequeno n&#250;mero de instrumentos validados que permitam ser utilizados<sup>33</sup>, tanto na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica b&#225;sica como em programas de reabilita&#231;&#227;o cardiopulmonar e metab&#243;lica.</p>
    <p>No Brasil, foi realizada a tradu&#231;&#227;o e a adapta&#231;&#227;o transcultural do IIFE em portadores de disfun&#231;&#227;o sexual<sup>22</sup>, n&#227;o especificamente em pacientes com doen&#231;as cardiopulmonares e metab&#243;licas; at&#233; o presente momento, n&#227;o foram realizados procedimentos para a valida&#231;&#227;o do mesmo.</p>
    <p>O presente estudo contribui no que diz respeito &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o e ao diagn&#243;stico de DS de portadores de doen&#231;as cardiopulmonares e metab&#243;licas, com o intuito de promover novas estrat&#233;gias de tratamento e acolhimento de tais pacientes.</p>
    <p>Ao analisarmos a clareza do instrumento observamos que, em m&#233;dia, os participantes julgaram todas as quest&#245;es como muito claras. Segundo Pasquali<sup>34</sup>, a clareza &#233; crit&#233;rio fundamental para a cria&#231;&#227;o e a valida&#231;&#227;o dos itens dos instrumentos, sendo que estes devem ser intelig&#237;veis at&#233; para o estrato mais baixo da popula&#231;&#227;o-meta, utilizando-se frases curtas, com express&#245;es simples e inequ&#237;vocas.</p>
    <p>Ao analisar a validade do construto foi observado que, apesar de os testes de KMO e o de esfericidade de Barllet terem julgado os dados eleg&#237;veis para a an&#225;lise fatorial, esta n&#227;o se comportou como esperado, j&#225; que algumas quest&#245;es apresentaram fator de confus&#227;o, relacionando-se a mais de um fator. Entretanto, ao observar os dados apresentados por Rosen e cols.<sup>14</sup>, em seu artigo original de valida&#231;&#227;o, pode-se perceber que as mesmas quest&#245;es comportaram-se de forma semelhante nos dois estudos.</p>
    <p>As quest&#245;es que abrangem o dom&#237;nio satisfa&#231;&#227;o sexual foram as que mais apresentaram fatores de confus&#227;o. Quando analisada a consist&#234;ncia interna desses itens, foi observado valor inferior ao aceito. Segundo Kay e cols.<sup>35</sup>, a satisfa&#231;&#227;o sexual consiste em uma conclus&#227;o geral sobre o quanto a vida sexual &#233; agrad&#225;vel, sendo um julgamento particular do prazer gerado pelo comportamento sexual. Por se tratar de um construto subjetivo e de autoavalia&#231;&#227;o, sua an&#225;lise se torna complicada, podendo transparecer nos processos de valida&#231;&#227;o.</p>
    <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; consist&#234;ncia interna, o valor de alfa de Cronbach mostrou que h&#225; homogeneidade entre as quest&#245;es, com valor de 0,890, pr&#243;ximo ao encontrado por Rosen e cols.<sup>14</sup>.</p>
    <p>Os valores de reprodutibilidade (R), que correlacionam os dois momentos de aplica&#231;&#227;o do question&#225;rio (teste-reteste) se mostraram excelentes em todas as quest&#245;es, ou seja, R &gt; 0,75, demonstrando boa concord&#226;ncia entre os dois momentos e estabilidade de medidas.</p>
    <p>O coeficiente de concord&#226;ncia para escalas nominais, de maneira geral, apresentou resultados substanciais a quase perfeitos, indicando estabilidade na aplica&#231;&#227;o do question&#225;rio interavalidores.</p>
    <p>Embora as quest&#245;es relacionadas ao dom&#237;nio desejo sexual tenham apresentado valores de reprodutibilidade (R) e coeficiente de concord&#226;ncia (<italic>k</italic>) mais baixos, n&#227;o deve ser considerada sua exclus&#227;o, pois a consist&#234;ncia interna desse dom&#237;nio obteve valor aceit&#225;vel.</p>
    <p>O &#205;ndice Internacional de Fun&#231;&#227;o Er&#233;til tem sido intensamente utilizado na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica, e a sua alta sensibilidade e especificidade<sup>14</sup> faz dele um instrumento eficaz e adequado para a avalia&#231;&#227;o da fun&#231;&#227;o er&#233;til.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Conclus&#227;o</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Demonstrou-se que o IIFE &#233; v&#225;lido e bem compreendido por pacientes que participam de um programa de reabilita&#231;&#227;o cardiopulmonar e metab&#243;lica.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Sties SW, Cardoso FL, Gonz&#225;les AI, Wittkopf PG, Carvalho T; Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Sties SW, Gonz&#225;les AI, Wittkopf PG; An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Sties SW, Cardoso FL, Gonz&#225;les AI, Ulbrich AZ, Wittkopf PG; An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica: Sties SW, Cardoso FL, Gonz&#225;les AI, Ulbrich AZ, Wittkopf PG; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Sties SW, Gonz&#225;les AI, Mara LS, Wittkopf PG; Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual: Sties SW, Cardoso FL, Gonz&#225;les AI, Ulbrich AZ, Mara LS, Wittkopf PG, Carvalho T.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Potencial Conflito de Interesses</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold>
    </p>
    <p>O presente estudo foi financiado pela FAPESC.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o Acad&#234;mica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Este artigo &#233; parte de disserta&#231;&#227;o de Mestrado de Ana In&#234;s Gonz&#225;les e Sabrina Weiss Sties pela Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina-UDESC.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="end" fn-type="corresp">
        <label>
          <bold>Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold>
        </label>
        <p> Sabrina Weiss Sties </p>
        <p> Rua Paschoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros </p>
        <p> CEP 88080-350, Florian&#243;polis, SC - Brasil </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p><email xlink:href="sabrinasties@yahoo.com.br">sabrinasties@yahoo.com.br</email>, </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="sabrinaweisssties@gmail.com">sabrinaweisssties@gmail.com</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
    <p>Artigo recebido em 01/11/12; revisado em 28/11/12; aceito em 16/4/13.</p>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Validation of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIFE) for use in Brazil</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>BACKGROUND: The International Index of Erectile Function has been proposed as a method for assessing sexual function assisting the diagnosis and classification of erectile dysfunction. However, IIEF was not validated for the Portuguese language. OBJECTIVE: Validate the International Index of Erectile Function in patients with cardiopulmonary and metabolic diseases. METHODS: The sample consisted of 108 participants of to Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic program Rehabilitation (CPMR) in southern Brazil. The clarity assessment of the instrument was performed using a scale ranging from zero to 10. The construct validity was carried out by confirmatory factor analysis (KMO = 0.85; Barllet p &lt; 0.001), internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha and reproducibility and interrater reliability via the test retest method. RESULTS: The items were considered very clear with averages superior to 9. The internal consistency resulted in 0.89. The majority of items related correctly with their domains, with exception of three questions from sexual satisfaction domain, and one from erectile function. All items showed excellent stability of measure and substantial to almost perfect agreement. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that the IIEF is valid and reliable for use in participants of a cardiopulmonary and metabolic rehabilitation program.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Erectile Dysfunction</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Diseases</kwd>
        <kwd>Rehabilitation</kwd>
        <kwd>Sexual Health</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <fn id="enda-body2">
          <label>
            <bold>Validation of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIFE) for use in Brazil</bold>
          </label>
          <p>
            <bold>Ana In&#234;s Gonz&#225;les; Sabrina Weiss Sties; Priscilla Geraldine Wittkopf; Louren&#231;o Sampaio de Mara; Anderson Zampier Ulbrich; Fernando Luiz Cardoso; Tales de Carvalho</bold>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
      <p>Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florian&#243;polis, SC - Brazil</p>
      <p>Mailing Address</p>
      <p>
        <bold>ABSTRACT</bold>
      </p>
      <p><bold>BACKGROUND:</bold> The International Index of Erectile Function has been proposed as a method for assessing sexual function assisting the diagnosis and classification of erectile dysfunction. However, IIEF was not validated for the Portuguese language.</p>
      <p><bold>OBJECTIVE:</bold> Validate the International Index of Erectile Function in patients with cardiopulmonary and metabolic diseases.</p>
      <p><bold>METHODS:</bold> The sample consisted of 108 participants of to Cardiopulmonary and Metabolic program Rehabilitation (CPMR) in southern Brazil. The clarity assessment of the instrument was performed using a scale ranging from zero to 10. The construct validity was carried out by confirmatory factor analysis (KMO = 0.85; Barllet p &lt; 0.001), internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha and reproducibility and interrater reliability via the test retest method.</p>
      <p><bold>RESULTS:</bold> The items were considered very clear with averages superior to 9. The internal consistency resulted in 0.89. The majority of items related correctly with their domains, with exception of three questions from sexual satisfaction domain, and one from erectile function. All items showed excellent stability of measure and substantial to almost perfect agreement.</p>
      <p><bold>CONCLUSION:</bold> The present study showed that the IIEF is valid and reliable for use in participants of a cardiopulmonary and metabolic rehabilitation program.</p>
      <p><bold>Keywords:</bold> Erectile Dysfunction; Cardiovascular Diseases; Rehabilitation; Sexual Health.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Introduction</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Sexual function is critical for a satisfactory experience. However, some subjects have sexual problems, such as disorders of desire, pain, excitement and orgasm, among others<sup>1</sup>.</p>
      <p>Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a common disorder, with prevalence of 20-30% in the world male population<sup>2</sup>. It is estimated that over 152 million men worldwide have erectile dysfunction (ED) to some extent<sup>3</sup>. In Brazil, this index is of 45% in the population with &gt;18 years<sup>4,5</sup>. ED affects more than 52% of men aged 40-70 years<sup>6</sup>. This is a significant universal health problem that has strong correlation with cardiovascular diseases<sup>7-10</sup>, which share physiopathological mechanism and similar risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, sedentism and smoking<sup>8,11</sup>.</p>
      <p>The ED diagnosis can be performed through nocturnal penile monitoring<sup>8</sup>, penile Doppler, cavernosography, pelvic arteriography, neurological studies, such as research of the bulbocavernosus reflex, endocrinological studies, psychodiagnostic assessment, among others<sup>12</sup>. However, the patient self-report technique has been proposed as a sexual function assessment method, in addition to diagnosing and classifying ED in clinical trials<sup>13</sup>.</p>
      <p>Multidimensional assessment instruments have been proposed for ED assessment<sup>14</sup>. Among the currently used are the Brief Male Sexual Function Inventory<sup>15</sup>, male sexual quotient (MSQ)<sup>16</sup> and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)<sup>14</sup>, which is the most widely used, being considered as "gold standard" by global health entities<sup>17</sup>.</p>
      <p>IIEF was validated in 32 languages<sup>13</sup> and used to evaluate the sexual function of patients with cardiovascular<sup>18,19</sup> and metabolic<sup>19-21</sup> diseases.</p>
      <p>In Brazil, Ferraz and Cicconelli<sup>22</sup> carried out the translation and transcultural adaptation of IIFE to Portuguese. However, its validation was not performed. In light of the foregoing, and because it has a strong correlation of ED and cardiovascular diseases, the goal of this study is to validate the International Index of Erectile Function in patients with cardiopulmonary and metabolic diseases, allowing its implementation in clinical practice and diagnostic screening of ED in this population.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Methods</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Instruments and procedures</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with non-probability sampling. The participants were males included for at least three months in two programs of cardiopulmonary and metabolic rehabilitation (CPMR) in southern Brazil.</p>
      <p>For the different types of analysis required in a validation process, data collection was performed in two stages. Initially, 78 subjects were interviewed. Subsequently, 30 subjects were interviewed in two occasions, with a seven day-interval for the analysis of reproducibility and reliability. Subjects who were not sexually active within the prior month were not included. <xref ref-type="table" rid="tab01-body2">Table 1</xref> shows the characteristics of the study participants.</p>
      <table-wrap id="tab01-body2">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt01-en.jpg"/></table-wrap>
      <p>After explaining the study goals, everyone signed the Informed Consent Form approved by Research Ethics Committee (117/2010), according to Resolution 196/96 of the National Board of Health. Researchers scheduled an appointment that would best fit the participants' routine. The collection was performed while ensuring there was no external interference, every study participant was interviewed individually by researchers working in CPMR programs. The time to fill out the questionnaire, including the answer on the clarity of the participants, was of approximately 14 minutes.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Clinical and sociodemographic characterization</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Initially, a semistructured questionnaire with topics on aspects related to cardiovascular risk factors (arterial hypertension/diabetes/hypercholesterolemia/obesity/smoking) and to medical diagnosis.</p>
      <p>For socioeconomic classification, the criterion standard of economic classification of the Brazilian Association of Research Companies<sup>23</sup> was used, which evaluates the existing items in the participant's residency and education level of the head of household. The questionnaire is strongly related to the family income (r = 0.785 and r<sup>2</sup> = 62%).</p>
      <p>
        <bold>International Index of Erectile Function</bold>
      </p>
      <p>The International Index of Erectile Function was developed and validated by Rosen et al<sup>14</sup>, with the purpose to create a short and reproducible questionnaire to measure the erectile function that is culturally, linguistically and psychometrically valid. The instrument could also be used by doctors and researchers in therapeutic clinical trials as another assessment parameter of efficacy/effectiveness for the several interventions currently proposed<sup>22</sup>. It is worth noting that IIFE was developed for exclusive use in relationship between men and their partners<sup>26</sup>.</p>
      <p>The questionnaire consists of 15 questions, grouped in five domains: erectile function, orgasm, sexual desire, sexual satisfaction and general satisfaction. Each question has a value ranging from 1 to 5, and the sum of the answers results in the final score for each domain, with low values indicating a bad quality sex life.</p>
      <p>Capelleri et al<sup>26</sup> suggest the ED can be classified in five categories, as of the erectile function domain, ranging from a minimum score of 6 to a maximum of 30, for sexually active patients, according to <xref ref-type="table" rid="tab02-body2">Table 2</xref>.</p>
      <table-wrap id="tab02-body2">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt02-en.jpg"/></table-wrap>
      <p>
        <bold>Statistical Analysis</bold>
      </p>
      <p>The descriptive analysis was shown in mean, standard deviation and frequency. Analysis of the data was carried out using the program <italic>Statistical Package for the Social Sciences</italic> (SPSS<sup>&#174;</sup> ) version 20.0 for Windows<sup>&#174;</sup>.</p>
      <p>Assessment of the clarity of the instrument was performed using a scale ranging from zero (not clear) to 10 (very clear)<sup>27</sup>. For the analysis of this stage, we used the resource of the mean and median descriptive statistics and interquartile interval.</p>
      <p>Confirmatory factorial analysis was used to evaluate the construct validity. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index, a measure of the factorability of correlation matrices on which the factorial analysis is based, was used to verify the data adequacy. Subsequently, Bartlett sphericity test was performed to verify if the data meet the sphericity pre-requirement.</p>
      <p>The instrument factorial analysis was performed by means of the principal components method for extraction of factors, using for extraction a fixed number of factors equal to 5. 0.4 was established as minimum load for the question to be part of the factor. For interpreting the matrix, the principal components extraction method via orthogonal rotation was applied, by means of <italic>varimax</italic> method.</p>
      <p>Cronbach's Alpha (minimum value of 0.6) was used to evaluate the instrument internal consistency. For reproducibility assessment, interclass correlation coefficient (R) was used, this was classified as: R &lt; 0.4, poor; 0.4 <underline>&lt;</underline> R &lt; 0.75, satisfactory; R <underline>&gt;</underline> 0.75, excellent<sup>28</sup>.</p>
      <p> Interrater reliability was verified by the agreement coefficient for nominal scales (kappa) with classification of evaluated items proposed by Landis and Koch<sup>29</sup>.</p>
      <p>Agreement measured by <italic>kappa</italic> followed the guidance of the literature, including: <italic>kappa</italic> &lt;0.00 = almost nonexistent; 0-0.19 = small; 0.20-0.39 = unsatisfactory; 0.40-0.59 = moderate; 0.60-0.79 = substantial; 0.80-1.00, almost perfect<sup>29</sup>.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Results</bold>
      </p>
      <p>When analyzing the clarity, all questions of the International Index of Erectile Function showed averages superior to 9 and the median of all questions resulted in 10, demonstrating all questions of the instrument were considered very clear (<xref ref-type="table" rid="en_aop_5248tab03-body2">Table 3</xref>).</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <table-wrap id="en_aop_5248tab03-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt03-en.jpg"/></table-wrap>
      </p>
      <p>Regarding the construct validity, KMO test had a result of 0.85 and, added to Barllet test (p &lt; 0.001), it indicated the data was suitable for factorial analysis.</p>
      <p>By observing the matrix, it was verified that most questions were loaded correctly in their respective domains, except for sexual satisfaction domain, which comprises questions 6, 7, and 8, which presented a confounding factor. Question 1 equally loaded in another factor (<xref ref-type="table" rid="en_aop_5248tab04-body2">Table 4</xref>).</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <table-wrap id="en_aop_5248tab04-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt04-en.jpg"/></table-wrap>
      </p>
      <p>The extraction of the five factors explained 75.8% of the total variance of the subjects' responses.</p>
      <p>When the internal consistency of domains was analyzed, we verified the sexual satisfaction demonstrated a value of 0.55, below the acceptance value (0.6) for this study (<xref ref-type="table" rid="en_aop_5248tab05-body2">Table 5</xref>). The low value of the internal consistency of this domain corroborates the factorial analysis in which the questions corresponding to this domain showed a confounding factor.</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <table-wrap id="en_aop_5248tab05-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt05-en.jpg"/></table-wrap>
      </p>
      <p><xref ref-type="table" rid="en_aop_5248tab06-body2">Table 6</xref> shows the results of the analysis of reproducibility and interrater reliability. Reproducibility values showed significance in all items (p &lt; 0.001), with R values greater than 0.75 in all questions of the questionnaire, being classified as excellent (<xref ref-type="table" rid="en_aop_5248tab06-body2">Table 6</xref>). Interrater reliability, assessed by means of <italic>kappa</italic> coefficient, showed significant values for all items (p &lt; 0.005) and showed moderated agreement only in question 11 (<italic>k </italic>= 0.594), substantial and almost perfect agreement for the remaining IIFE questions.</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <table-wrap id="en_aop_5248tab06-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-101-02-0176-30141-gt06-en.jpg"/></table-wrap>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Discussion</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Studies have demonstrated the strong correlation between sexual function scores, cardiovascular diseases and life quality in patients with cardiopulmonary and metabolic disease<sup>30-32</sup>. Elements complexity and subjectivity comprising the sexual function, assessment difficulty and large number of factors that influence it can explain the small number of validated instruments allowed to be used<sup>33</sup>, both in basic clinical practice and in programs of cardiopulmonary and metabolic rehabilitation.</p>
      <p>In Brazil, IIFE translation and cultural adaptation was performed for patients with sexual dysfunction<sup>22</sup>, not specifically in patients with cardiopulmonary and metabolic diseases; up to this moment, no procedures for its validation were performed.</p>
      <p>This study contributes to evaluate and diagnose SD of patients with cardiopulmonary and metabolic diseases in order to promote new strategies of treatment and reception of such patients.</p>
      <p>When analyzing the clarity of the instrument we observed that, on the average, participants considered all questions very clear. According to Pasquali<sup>34</sup>, clarity is a key criterion for creating and validating items of instruments, being that these must be intelligible even for the lowest strata of the population, using short phrases, with simple and unambiguous expressions.</p>
      <p>When analyzing the construct validity, it was observed that, although all KMO and Barllet sphericity tests having considered the data as eligible for factorial analysis, this did not behave as expected, since a few questions showed a confounding factor, relating to more than one factor. However, when observing the data shown by Rosen et al<sup>14</sup>, in the original validation article, it is possible to notice the same questions behaved similarly in both studies.</p>
      <p>Questions regarding the sexual satisfaction domain were the ones that showed more confounding factors. When analyzing the internal consistency of these items, it was observed a value below the acceptance value. According to Kay et al<sup>35</sup>, sexual satisfaction consists of a general conclusion about how pleasant is the sex life, being a subjective determination of the pleasure generated by the sexual behavior. For being a subjective and self-assessment construct, its analysis is complicated, and this may be seen in validation processes.</p>
      <p>Regarding internal consistency, Cronbach's Alpha value showed there is homogeneity between questions, with a value of 0.890, close to that found by Rosen et al<sup>14</sup>.</p>
      <p>Reproducibility (R) values, which correlate both occasions of the application of questionnaire (test-retest) were excellent in every question, i.e. R &gt; 0.75, demonstrating good agreement between both occasions and stability of measures.</p>
      <p>The agreement coefficient for nominal scales, in general, presented from substantial to almost perfect results, indicating stability in the application of interrater questionnaire.</p>
      <p>Although the questions related to the sexual desire domain have shown lower reproducibility (R) values and agreement coefficient (<italic>k</italic>), its exclusion must not be considered, because the internal consistency of this domain obtained an acceptable value.</p>
      <p>The International Index of Erectile Function has been highly utilized in clinical practice, and its high sensitivity and specificity<sup>14</sup> makes it an effective and suitable instrument to evaluate the erectile function.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Conclusion</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This showed that the IIEF is valid and reliable for use in participants of a cardiopulmonary and metabolic rehabilitation program.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Author contributions</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Conception and design of the research: Sties SW, Cardoso FL, Gonz&#225;les AI, Wittkopf PG, Carvalho T; Acquisition of data: Sties SW, Gonz&#225;les AI, Wittkopf PG; Analysis and interpretation of the data: Sties SW, Cardoso FL, Gonz&#225;les AI, Ulbrich AZ, Wittkopf PG; Statistical analysis: Sties SW, Cardoso FL, Gonz&#225;les AI, Ulbrich AZ, Wittkopf PG; Writing of the manuscript: Sties SW, Gonz&#225;les AI, Mara LS, Wittkopf PG; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Sties SW, Cardoso FL, Gonz&#225;les AI, Ulbrich AZ, Mara LS, Wittkopf PG, Carvalho T.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
      </p>
      <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This study was funded by FAPESC.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Study Association</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This article is part of the thesis of master submitted by Ana In&#234;s Gonz&#225;les and Sabrina Weiss Sties, from Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina-UDESC.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
