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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">pJ83pXnLr9bsqGnD5K7kjKR</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2013002700014</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(13)10100100014</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20130132</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Fun&#231;&#227;o diast&#243;lica do ventr&#237;culo direito em pacientes com talassemia major</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Demirkol</surname>
            <given-names>Sait</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Balta</surname>
            <given-names>Sevket</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cakar</surname>
            <given-names>Mustafa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Ankara</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state"/>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Gulhane Military Medical Academy</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">School of Medicine </institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Department of Cardiology</institution>
        <country country="TR">Turkey</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff02">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Ankara</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state"/>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Gulhane Military Medical Academy</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">School of Medicine </institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Department of Internal Medicine</institution>
        <country country="TR">Turkey</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>101</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>93</fpage>
      <lpage>94</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>CARTA AO EDITOR</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Fun&#231;&#227;o diast&#243;lica do ventr&#237;culo direito em pacientes com talassemia major</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Sait Demirkol<sup>I</sup>; Sevket Balta<sup>I</sup>; Mustafa Cakar<sup>II</sup></bold>
    </p>
    <p><sup>I</sup>Gulhane Military Medical Academy, School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Ankara, Turquia </p>
    <p><sup>II</sup>Gulhane Military Medical Academy, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turquia</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end">Correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave:</bold> Fun&#231;&#227;o Ventricular Direita, Talassemia beta, Ecocardiografia.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Prezado Editor,</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Lemos com bastante interesse o artigo "Ecocardiografia de pacientes talass&#234;micos sem insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca em tratamento com transfus&#245;es sangu&#237;neas e quela&#231;&#227;o", escrito por Rodrigues e cols<sup>1</sup>. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a estrutura e a fun&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca por meio da ecocardiografia com Doppler convencional e Doppler tecidual em pacientes com talassemia major (TM) sem evid&#234;ncia cl&#237;nica de insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca. Foi constatado que o &#237;ndice de volume do &#225;trio esquerdo, a raz&#227;o E/Em septal mitral e a dura&#231;&#227;o do fluxo reverso em veias pulmonares eram significativamente maiores em indiv&#237;duos com TM do que em indiv&#237;duos com anemia e indiv&#237;duos saud&#225;veis. No entanto, n&#227;o foram encontradas diferen&#231;as nas estruturas do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo e direito e nos &#237;ndices de fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica entre os grupos. Acreditamos que esses resultados atuar&#227;o como um guia para novos estudos sobre a avalia&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica da fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular esquerda e direita em pacientes com TM.</p>
    <p>Contrariamente &#224; cren&#231;a comum, o ventr&#237;culo direito n&#227;o &#233; uma c&#226;mara passiva. Diversas doen&#231;as agudas e cr&#244;nicas t&#234;m sido associadas &#224; disfun&#231;&#227;o diast&#243;lica do VD, incluindo patologias de press&#227;o e sobrecarga como doen&#231;a pulmonar prim&#225;ria, doen&#231;a card&#237;aca cong&#234;nita, miocardiopatias, cardiopatias isqu&#234;micas e doen&#231;as sist&#234;micas<sup>2,3</sup>. Poucos estudos avaliaram a fun&#231;&#227;o diast&#243;lica do VD. Nesses estudos, a fun&#231;&#227;o diast&#243;lica do VD foi avaliada utilizando as velocidades do Doppler do fluxo transtric&#250;spide (E, A, e E/A), as velocidades do Doppler tecidual do anel tric&#250;spide (E', A', E'/A'), tempo de desacelera&#231;&#227;o e TRIV. Mais comumente utilizadas em estudos recentes s&#227;o a raz&#227;o E/E' tric&#250;spide, a &#225;rea do &#225;trio direito (AD) ou o volume e <italic>strain rate</italic> diast&#243;lica. Uma boa correla&#231;&#227;o foi apresentada entre a raz&#227;o E/E' tric&#250;spide e o volume do AD e os par&#226;metros hemodin&#226;micos. Uma E/E' <underline>&gt;</underline> 4 teve alta sensibilidade e especificidade para predizer a press&#227;o do AD <underline>&gt;</underline> 10 mm Hg em pacientes em unidades de terapia intensiva que se submeteram a cirurgias n&#227;o card&#237;acas<sup>4</sup>. O presente estudo<sup>1</sup> n&#227;o avaliou a fun&#231;&#227;o diast&#243;lica do VD e o volume do AD. Novos estudos devem ser realizados para avaliar o volume do AD e os par&#226;metros diast&#243;licos do Doppler tecidual do VD, como a rela&#231;&#227;o E/E' tric&#250;spide.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="end" fn-type="corresp">
        <label>
          <bold>Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold>
        </label>
        <p> Sait Demirkol </p>
        <p> Department of Cardiology - Gulhane School of Medicine </p>
        <p> Tevfik Saglam St. </p>
        <p> Postal Code 06018, Etlik - Ankara, Turquia </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="saitdemirkol@yahoo.com">saitdemirkol@yahoo.com</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
    <p>Artigo recebido em 29/12/12; revisado em 29/12/12; aceito em 15/02/13.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Carta-resposta</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Em resposta &#224; carta, agradecemos o interesse demonstrado e os coment&#225;rios feitos sobre o nosso trabalho<sup>1</sup>. Esperamos que os nossos dados estimulem novas pesquisas, principalmente no campo da fun&#231;&#227;o diast&#243;lica biventricular em indiv&#237;duos com talassemia major.</p>
    <p>Concordamos plenamente com os coment&#225;rios apresentados na carta sobre a avalia&#231;&#227;o das c&#226;maras direitas card&#237;acas. De acordo com Efthimiadis e cols.<sup>2</sup>, pacientes com talassemia major e padr&#227;o de enchimento restritivo ventricular direito (VD) tiveram taxa de sobreviv&#234;ncia cumulativa de 15 anos de 34%, enquanto que aqueles sem padr&#227;o restritivo tiveram taxa de sobreviv&#234;ncia de 82%. A deposi&#231;&#227;o de ferro &#233; a principal causa de les&#245;es card&#237;acas, podendo afetar todas as estruturas, incluindo os m&#250;sculos papilares, o sistema de condu&#231;&#227;o, o peric&#225;rdio e todas as cavidades card&#237;acas. No entanto, como o epic&#225;rdio da parede livre do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo &#233; o local mais afetado<sup>3</sup>, o ventr&#237;culo esquerdo &#233; a cavidade geralmente avaliada.</p>
    <p>Gostar&#237;amos de aproveitar esta oportunidade para afirmar que analisamos alguns par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos relacionados &#224; fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica e diast&#243;lica do VD em nossos pacientes (dados n&#227;o publicados), mas n&#227;o conseguimos demonstrar diferen&#231;as significativas entre os grupos (grupo talass&#234;mico, saud&#225;vel e com anemia). Esses par&#226;metros incluem fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o, &#237;ndice Tei, excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel da valva tric&#250;spide e as velocidades do Doppler tecidual do anel da valva tric&#250;spide (S', E', A' e E'/A'). Acreditamos que novas t&#233;cnicas de avalia&#231;&#227;o das fun&#231;&#245;es ventriculares e atriais, como <italic>speckle tracking, strain</italic> e <italic>strain rate</italic><sup>4-6</sup> ser&#227;o &#250;teis em futuros estudos com pacientes com talassemia major para identificar sinais precoces de altera&#231;&#245;es card&#237;acas direitas estruturais e funcionais.</p>
    <p>Atenciosamente, </p>
    <p>Alexandre Rodrigues, </p>
    <p> Fabio Villa&#231;a Guimar&#227;es-Filho, </p>
    <p> Jo&#227;o Carlos Ferreira Braga, </p>
    <p> C&#225;ssia Sp&#237;nola Cust&#243;dio Rodrigues, </p>
    <p> Paulo Waib, </p>
    <p> Antonio Fabron-Junior, </p>
    <p> Doralice Marvulle Tan, </p>
    <p> Ana Cristina C V Fran&#231;a, </p>
    <p> Marina Politi Okoshi, </p>
    <p> Katashi Okoshi.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Refer&#234;ncias</bold>
    </p>
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          <source>Clin Res Cardiol</source>
          <date>
            <year>2012</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>403</fpage>
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          <volume>101</volume>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Right ventricular diastolic function in patients with thalassemia major</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>LETTER TO THE EDITOR</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Right ventricular diastolic function in patients with thalassemia major</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Sait Demirkol<sup>I</sup>; Sevket Balta<sup>I</sup>; Mustafa Cakar<sup>II</sup></bold>
      </p>
      <p><sup>I</sup>Gulhane Military Medical Academy, School of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Ankara, Turkey</p>
      <p><sup>II</sup>Gulhane Military Medical Academy, School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey</p>
      <p>
        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end-body2">Mailing Address</xref>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Keywords:</bold> Ventricular Function, Right; beta-Thalassemia; Echocardiography.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Dear Editor,</bold>
      </p>
      <p>We read with great interest the article "Echocardiography in Thalassemic Patients on Blood Transfusions and Chelation without Heart Failure" written by Rodrigues et al<sup>1</sup>. They aimed to evaluate cardiac structure and function by conventional Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging in patients with thalassemia major (TM) and no clinical evidence of heart failure. They found that left atrium volume index, mitral septal E/Em ratio and duration of reverse pulmonary vein flow were significantly higher in TM than in anemia and healthy groups. However, no differences were found in left and right ventricular structures and systolic function indexes between the groups. We believe that these findings will act as a guide for further studies regarding echocardiographic evaluation of left and right ventricular functions in patients with TM.</p>
      <p>Contrary to common belief, the right ventricle is not a passive chamber. A large number of acute and chronic diseases have been associated with RV diastolic dysfunction, including both pressure and volume overload pathologies such as primary lung disease, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathies, ischemic heart disease, systemic diseases<sup>2,3</sup>. Only a few studies assessed the RV diastolic function. In those studies, the RV diastolic function has been evaluated using Doppler velocities of the transtricuspid flow (E, A, and E/A), tissue Doppler velocities of the tricuspid annulus (E', A', E'/A'), deceleration time, and IVRT. Most commonly used in recent studies are the tricuspid E/E' ratio, RA area or volume, and diastolic strain rate. A good correlation was shown between the tricuspid E/E' ratio and RA volume, and hemodynamic parameters. An E/E' ratio <underline>&gt;</underline>4 had high sensitivity and specificity for predicting RA pressure <underline>&gt;</underline>10 mm Hg in non-cardiac surgery intensive care unit patients<sup>4</sup>. The current study<sup>1</sup> did not evaluate RV diastolic function and RA volume. Further studies should be conducted to assess RA volume and RV tissue Doppler diastolic parameters such as tricuspid E/E' ratio.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <fn id="end-body2" fn-type="corresp">
          <label>
            <bold>Mailing Address:</bold>
          </label>
          <p> Sait Demirkol</p>
          <p> Department of Cardiology - Gulhane School of Medicine</p>
          <p> Tevfik Saglam St.</p>
          <p> Postal Code 06018, Etlik - Ankara, Turkey</p>
          <p> E-mail: </p>
          <p>
            <email xlink:href="saitdemirkol@yahoo.com">saitdemirkol@yahoo.com</email>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
      <p>Manuscript received December 29, 2012; manuscript revised December 29, 2012; manuscript accepted 15, 2013.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Reply</bold>
      </p>
      <p>In response to the letter, we appreciate the interest shown and comments made on our work.<sup>1</sup> We hope that our data will stimulate new research especially in the field of biventricular diastolic function in individuals with thalassemia major.</p>
      <p>We fully agree with comments in the letter on cardiac right chambers evaluation. According to Efthimiadis et al<sup>2</sup>, patients with thalassemia major and right ventricular (RV) restrictive filling pattern had a 15-year cumulative survival rate of 34%, whereas in those without restrictive pattern, survival rate was 82%. Iron deposition is the main cause of cardiac injuries and can affect all structures, including papillary muscles, conduction system, pericardium, and all cardiac cavities. However, as the left ventricular free wall epicardium is the most affected site<sup>3</sup>, the left ventricle is the cavity generally evaluated.</p>
      <p>We would like to take this opportunity to state that we have analyzed some echocardiographic parameters related to RV systolic and diastolic functions in our patients (unpublished data), but we have failed to demonstrate any significant difference between groups (Thalassemia, Healthy, and Anemia). These parameters include ejection fraction, Tei index, tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion, and tissue Doppler velocities of the tricuspid annulus (S', E', A', and E'/A'). We believe that new techniques for evaluating ventricular and atrial functions, such as speckle tracking, strain, and strain rate<sup>4-6</sup> will be useful in future studies of patients with thalassemia major to identify early signs of right heart structural and functional changes.</p>
      <p>Sincerely,</p>
      <p>Alexandre Rodrigues,</p>
      <p> Fabio Villa&#231;a Guimar&#227;es-Filho,</p>
      <p> Jo&#227;o Carlos Ferreira Braga,</p>
      <p> C&#225;ssia Sp&#237;nola Cust&#243;dio Rodrigues,</p>
      <p> Paulo Waib,</p>
      <p> Antonio Fabron-Junior,</p>
      <p> Doralice Marvulle Tan,</p>
      <p> Ana Cristina C V Fran&#231;a,</p>
      <p> Marina Politi Okoshi,</p>
      <p> Katashi Okoshi.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold>
      </p>
      <p> Sait Demirkol </p>
      <p> Department of Cardiology - Gulhane School of Medicine </p>
      <p> Tevfik Saglam St. </p>
      <p> Postal Code 06018, Etlik - Ankara, Turquia </p>
      <p> E-mail: <email xlink:href="saitdemirkol@yahoo.com">saitdemirkol@yahoo.com</email></p>
      <p>Artigo recebido em 29/12/12; revisado em 29/12/12; aceito em 15/02/13.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Carta-resposta</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Em resposta &#224; carta, agradecemos o interesse demonstrado e os coment&#225;rios feitos sobre o nosso trabalho<sup>1</sup>. Esperamos que os nossos dados estimulem novas pesquisas, principalmente no campo da fun&#231;&#227;o diast&#243;lica biventricular em indiv&#237;duos com talassemia major.</p>
      <p>Concordamos plenamente com os coment&#225;rios apresentados na carta sobre a avalia&#231;&#227;o das c&#226;maras direitas card&#237;acas. De acordo com Efthimiadis e cols.<sup>2</sup>, pacientes com talassemia major e padr&#227;o de enchimento restritivo ventricular direito (VD) tiveram taxa de sobreviv&#234;ncia cumulativa de 15 anos de 34%, enquanto que aqueles sem padr&#227;o restritivo tiveram taxa de sobreviv&#234;ncia de 82%. A deposi&#231;&#227;o de ferro &#233; a principal causa de les&#245;es card&#237;acas, podendo afetar todas as estruturas, incluindo os m&#250;sculos papilares, o sistema de condu&#231;&#227;o, o peric&#225;rdio e todas as cavidades card&#237;acas. No entanto, como o epic&#225;rdio da parede livre do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo &#233; o local mais afetado<sup>3</sup>, o ventr&#237;culo esquerdo &#233; a cavidade geralmente avaliada.</p>
      <p>Gostar&#237;amos de aproveitar esta oportunidade para afirmar que analisamos alguns par&#226;metros ecocardiogr&#225;ficos relacionados &#224; fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica e diast&#243;lica do VD em nossos pacientes (dados n&#227;o publicados), mas n&#227;o conseguimos demonstrar diferen&#231;as significativas entre os grupos (grupo talass&#234;mico, saud&#225;vel e com anemia). Esses par&#226;metros incluem fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o, &#237;ndice Tei, excurs&#227;o sist&#243;lica do plano do anel da valva tric&#250;spide e as velocidades do Doppler tecidual do anel da valva tric&#250;spide (S', E', A' e E'/A'). Acreditamos que novas t&#233;cnicas de avalia&#231;&#227;o das fun&#231;&#245;es ventriculares e atriais, como <italic>speckle tracking, strain</italic> e <italic>strain rate</italic><sup>4-6</sup> ser&#227;o &#250;teis em futuros estudos com pacientes com talassemia major para identificar sinais precoces de altera&#231;&#245;es card&#237;acas direitas estruturais e funcionais.</p>
      <p>Atenciosamente, </p>
      <p>Alexandre Rodrigues, </p>
      <p> Fabio Villa&#231;a Guimar&#227;es-Filho, </p>
      <p> Jo&#227;o Carlos Ferreira Braga, </p>
      <p> C&#225;ssia Sp&#237;nola Cust&#243;dio Rodrigues, </p>
      <p> Paulo Waib, </p>
      <p> Antonio Fabron-Junior, </p>
      <p> Doralice Marvulle Tan, </p>
      <p> Ana Cristina C V Fran&#231;a, </p>
      <p> Marina Politi Okoshi, </p>
      <p> Katashi Okoshi.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Refer&#234;ncias</bold>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
