<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" specific-use="sps-1.9" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="pt" article-type="case-report">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">9jGgJGSRqL4qwTtY4v7J6hC</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00017</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2013000600017</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(13)10000600017</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20130118</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>M&#233;todo de inser&#231;&#227;o retr&#243;grada de fio-guia para oclus&#227;o coron&#225;ria direita total com origem ostial n&#227;o usual</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Hong</surname>
            <given-names>Lang</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Li</surname>
            <given-names>Linfeng</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Wang</surname>
            <given-names>Hong</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Yin</surname>
            <given-names>Qiulin</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Wang</surname>
            <given-names>Xiang</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff02"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Nanchang</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state"/>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Jiangxi Province People's Hospital</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">The second department of cardiology </institution>
        <country country="CN">China</country>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff02">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="state"/>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">University of Brunswick</institution>
        <country country="US">United States</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>100</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>e75</fpage>
      <lpage>e77</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2013</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>RELATO DE CASO</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>M&#233;todo de inser&#231;&#227;o retr&#243;grada de fio-guia para oclus&#227;o coron&#225;ria direita total com origem ostial n&#227;o usual</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Lang Hong<sup>I</sup>; Linfeng Li<sup>I</sup>; Hong Wang<sup>I</sup>; Qiulin Yin<sup>I</sup>; Xiang Wang<sup>I,II</sup></bold>
    </p>
    <p><sup>I</sup>The second department of cardiology, Jiangxi Province People's Hospital, Nanchang </p>
    <p><sup>II</sup>Robert Wood Johnson Medical School</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end">Correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave:</bold> Angiografia Coron&#225;ria, Oclus&#227;o Coronariana, Circula&#231;&#227;o Colateral</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Relato do Caso</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Um homem de 64 anos foi internado em nossa institui&#231;&#227;o em 7 de novembro de 2011, queixando-se de dor tor&#225;cica por esfor&#231;o no ano anterior. Hist&#243;rico: hipertens&#227;o por mais de 10 anos, maior press&#227;o arterial 215/115mmHg, 30 anos de tabagismo, 10 cigarros por dia. O ECG na admiss&#227;o mostrou: deriva&#231;&#245;es II, III, AVF aumentada, forma&#231;&#227;o de ondas (Q) pequenas no eletrocardiograma (ECG), depress&#227;o do segmento ST de 0,05mv, invers&#227;o da onda T. Diagn&#243;stico de admiss&#227;o: 1) infarto do mioc&#225;rdio inferior antigo, angina inst&#225;vel, insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca cr&#244;nica (ICC) classe II da New York Heart Association (NYHA). 2) Hipertens&#227;o classe III. Cateterismo card&#237;aco, atrav&#233;s da art&#233;ria radial direita: art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria esquerda sem estenose, art&#233;ria descendente anterior esquerda (DAE) m&#233;dia com 50% e distal com 60% de estenose. A art&#233;ria proximal circunflexa esquerda (Cx) mostrou estenose de 50-60%, estenose difusa da por&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dia de 90%. Duas vias de circula&#231;&#227;o colaterais tamb&#233;m foram observadas: DAE para o ramo septal para art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria direita (ACD), com forma&#231;&#227;o de circula&#231;&#227;o colateral do mioc&#225;rdio limitada; por&#233;m, a circula&#231;&#227;o colateral epic&#225;rdica da Cx para o ramo atrial esquerdo para ACD, mostrava bom suprimento colateral (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a17fig01">Figura 1 A</xref>). A angiografia coron&#225;ria direita seletiva n&#227;o conseguiu encontrar a abertura para a ACD; a angiografia n&#227;o-seletiva sugeriu que a abertura da ACD poderia estar totalmente obstru&#237;da ou a origem era anormal (B). Como o paciente recusou a cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria, decidiu-se por utilizar uma t&#233;cnica de inser&#231;&#227;o retr&#243;grada do fio-guia utilizando um dispositivo "Memory Snare" da Shangai Shape Memory Alloy Co. Ltd., China. Um cateter guia 7F EBU3.75 foi colocado atrav&#233;s da art&#233;ria femoral direita, at&#233; o &#243;stio da coron&#225;ria esquerda. Foi realizada uma angiografia super-seletiva com a utiliza&#231;&#227;o de um micro-cateter "Finecross". O ramo septal n&#227;o mostrou boa circula&#231;&#227;o colateral para a coron&#225;ria direita distal (C). A inje&#231;&#227;o mostrou bom fluxo colateral para a ACD (D, E). O Finecross foi trocado por um cateter Abbot Vascular Pilot 150 e inserido pela via retr&#243;grada atrav&#233;s da oclus&#227;o coron&#225;ria proximal direita, seguindo uma rota an&#244;mala at&#233; a aorta ascendente, onde ele poderia ser capturado pelo dispositivo "Memory Snare". Em seguida, um cateter guia JR4.0 foi colocado atrav&#233;s da art&#233;ria radial direita e enviado para o seio coron&#225;rio direito; a angiografia mostrou origem an&#244;mala das aberturas coron&#225;rias direitas (F). O mesmo cateter guia JR4.0 foi ent&#227;o usado para implantar o dispositivo "Memory Snare". O fio-guia Pilot 150 foi ent&#227;o ligado a um fio de extens&#227;o. O dispositivo "Memory Snare" foi utilizado para capturar o Pilot150 retr&#243;grado no interior do cateter guia JR4.0 (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a17fig02">Figura 2</xref>, Painel G) e pux&#225;-lo para fora do corpo atrav&#233;s a art&#233;ria radial (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a17fig02">Figura 2</xref>, Painel H). Anter&#243;grado ao longo do fio guia Pilot 150, foi inserido um cateter bal&#227;o PTCA 2.0 &#215; 20 mil&#237;metros e utilizado para aumentar a estenose da ACD (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a17fig02">Figura 2</xref>, Painel I); a angiografia identificou a abertura anormal da ACD no seio da coron&#225;ria esquerda. Tamb&#233;m era vis&#237;vel a estenose em todo o comprimento da ACD (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a17fig02">Figura 2</xref>, painel J). Foram implantados stents Partner eluidores de rapamicina na art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria direita distal, m&#233;dia e proximal, respectivamente (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a17fig02">Figura 2</xref>, painel K); a angiografia p&#243;s-operat&#243;ria mostrou boas imagens da ACD com fluxo TIMI grau 3, sem estenose residual nos stents (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="a17fig02">Figura 2</xref>, painel E).</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <fig id="a17fig01">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-100-06-0e75-30118-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <fig id="a17fig02">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-100-06-0e75-30118-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p>Apenas 10 a 20% das interven&#231;&#245;es coron&#225;rias percut&#226;neas (ICP) envolvem les&#245;es de oclus&#227;o cr&#244;nica total (OCT). Esse &#233; o tipo mais desafiador de doen&#231;a arterial coron&#225;ria e tem sido chamado de o "&#250;ltimo basti&#227;o a ser conquistado pelos cardiologistas intervencionistas"<sup>1,2</sup>. O paciente selecionado foi submetido a uma angiografia a&#243;rtica n&#227;o seletiva sugerindo oclus&#227;o da ACD ou a presen&#231;a de uma origem ostial an&#244;mala. Portanto, uma t&#233;cnica retr&#243;grada de fio-guia foi tentada. Ao contr&#225;rio de outras t&#233;cnicas recentemente desenvolvidas<sup>3</sup>, n&#227;o havia nenhum caminho anter&#243;grado claro dispon&#237;vel para atingir a OCT. Nesse caso, n&#243;s encontramos uma maneira de capturar o fio retr&#243;grado da aorta ascendente usando um dispositivo "Memory Snare", da Shangai Shape Memory Aloy Co. Ltd., China, e estabelecer uma via anter&#243;grada para coloca&#231;&#227;o de stents para restaurar o fluxo sangu&#237;neo. Em nosso conhecimento, esse &#233; o primeiro caso relatado de uso de uma t&#233;cnica retr&#243;grada de fio-guia com um dispositivo "Memory Snare" em uma oclus&#227;o coron&#225;ria cr&#244;nica total de origem an&#244;mala.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Hong L, Wang H, Wang X; Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Li L, Yin Q, Wang X; An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Li L, Wang H, Yin Q, Wang X; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Hong L, Li L, Wang X; Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual: Wang X.</p>
    <p>
      <a href="/img/revistas/abc/v100n6/video/a17fig03.html" link-type="asset-not-found">V&#237;deo</a>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Potencial Conflito de Interesses</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold>
    </p>
    <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o Acad&#234;mica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="end" fn-type="corresp">
        <label>
          <bold>Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold>
        </label>
        <p> Xiang Wang </p>
        <p> Robert Wood Johnson PL </p>
        <p> 08901, New Brunswick, NJ, USA </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="xiangw66@yahoo.com">xiangw66@yahoo.com</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
    <p>Artigo recebido em 17/09/12, revisado em 29/10/12, aceito em 29/10/12.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="B1">
        <mixed-citation>1. Olivari Z, Rubartelli P, Piscione F, Ettori F, Fontanelli A, Salemme L, et al; TOAST-GISE Investigators . Immediate results and one-year clinical outcome after the percutaneous coronary interventions in chronic total occlusions: data from a multicenter, prospective, observational study (TOAST-GISE). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41(10):1672-8.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Immediate results and one-year clinical outcome after the percutaneous coronary interventions in chronic total occlusions: data from a multicenter, prospective, observational study (TOAST-GISE)</article-title>
          <source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
          <date>
            <year>2003</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>1672</fpage>
          <lpage>8</lpage>
          <issue>10</issue>
          <volume>41</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Olivari</surname>
              <given-names>Z</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rubartelli</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Piscione</surname>
              <given-names>F</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ettori</surname>
              <given-names>F</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Fontanelli</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Salemme</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <mixed-citation>2. Stone GW, Reifart NJ, Moussa I, Hoye A, Cox DA, Colombo A, et a1. Percutaneous recanalization of chronically occluded coronary arteries: a consensus document, part II, Circulation. 2005;112(16):2530-7.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Percutaneous recanalization of chronically occluded coronary arteries: a consensus document, part II</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
          <date>
            <year>2005</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>2530</fpage>
          <lpage>7</lpage>
          <issue>16</issue>
          <volume>112</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Stone</surname>
              <given-names>GW</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Reifart</surname>
              <given-names>NJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Moussa</surname>
              <given-names>I</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Hoye</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Cox</surname>
              <given-names>DA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Colombo</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <mixed-citation>3. Liu SC, Tseng CD. Trap Wire Technique - A new technique improves device deliverability during complex percutaneous coronary intervention. J Taiwan Society Cardiovasc Interv. 2011;2(1):36-40.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Trap Wire Technique: A new technique improves device deliverability during complex percutaneous coronary intervention</article-title>
          <source>J Taiwan Society Cardiovasc Interv</source>
          <date>
            <year>2011</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>36</fpage>
          <lpage>40</lpage>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <volume>2</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Liu</surname>
              <given-names>SC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Tseng</surname>
              <given-names>CD</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Case Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Retrograde guidewire trapping technique for total right coronary occlusion with unusual ostial origin</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>CASE REPORT</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <fn id="enda-body2">
          <label>
            <bold>Retrograde guidewire trapping technique for total right coronary occlusion with unusual ostial origin</bold>
          </label>
          <p>
            <bold>Lang Hong<sup>I</sup>; Linfeng Li<sup>I</sup>; Hong Wang<sup>I</sup>; Qiulin Yin<sup>I</sup>; Xiang Wang<sup>I,II</sup></bold>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
      <p><sup>I</sup>The second department of cardiology, Jiangxi Province People's Hospital, Nanchang</p>
      <p><sup>II</sup>Robert Wood Johnson Medical School</p>
      <p>Mailing Address</p>
      <p><bold>Keywords:</bold> Coronary Angiography; Coronary Occlusion; Collateral Circulation</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Case Report</bold>
      </p>
      <p>A 64-year-old man was admitted to our institution on November 7, 2011, complaining of chest pain upon exertion for the previous year. Prior history: hypertension for more than 10 years, highest blood pressure 215/115 mmHg, 30-year history of smoking, 10 cigarettes per day. ECG on admission showed: increased II, III, AVF leads, small electrocardiogram (EKG)'s Q waves (Q), EKG's ST segment (ST) depression 0.05 mv, T wave inversion. Admission diagnosis: 1) coronary old inferior myocardial infarction, unstable angina, New York Heart Association (NYHA) chronic heart failure (CHF) class II. 2) Hypertension class III. Cardiac catheterization, via the right radial artery: Left Main no stenosis, middle Left Anterior Descending (LAD) is 50% and distal 60% stenosis. Proximal Left Circumflex (LCx) showed 50-60 % stenosis, middle diffuse stenosis 90%. Two collateral circulation pathways were also observed: LAD to septal branch to Right Coronary Artery (RCA) with formation of limited myocardial collateral circulation; however, the LCx to left atrial branch to RCA epicardial collateral circulation showed good collateral blood supply (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a17fig01-body2">Figure 1 A</xref>). Selective right coronary angiography did not find the opening for the RCA, non-selective angiography suggested that the opening of the RCA could be totally occluded or the origin was abnormal (B). Because the patient refused coronary artery bypass surgery, it was decided to use a retrograde guidewire trapping technique using a "Memory-Snare" device by Shanghai Shape Memory Alloy Co. Ltd., China. A 7F EBU 3.75 guide catheter was placed via the right femoral artery, to the left coronary ostium. Super-selective angiography using a "Finecross" micro-catheter was performed. The septal branch did not show good collateral circulation to the distal right coronary (C). The Finecross was then sent into the circumflex artery to the left atrial branch over a Fielder Fc guidewire. Tip injection showed there was good collateral flow to the RCA (D, E). The Finecross was exchanged for an Abbot Vascular Pilot 150 catheter and passed by the retrograde route through the proximal right coronary occlusion, following an anomalous route into the ascending aorta, where it could be captured by the Memory-Snare device. Subsequently, a JR 4.0 guiding catheter was placed via the right radial artery and sent to the right coronary sinus; the angiography showed anomalous origin of right coronary openings (F). The same JR 4.0 guiding catheter was then used to deploy the Memory Snare device. The Pilot 150 guidewire was then connected to an extension wire. The Memory Snare device was used to capture the retrograde Pilot 150 into the JR 4.0 guiding catheter (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a17fig02-body2">Figure 2</xref>, Panel G), and pull it out of the body though the radial artery (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a17fig02-body2">Figure 2</xref>, Panel H). Antegrade along the Pilot 150 guidewire, a PTCA 2.0 &#215; 20 mm balloon catheter was inserted and used to enlarge the stenosis of the RCA (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a17fig02-body2">Figure 2</xref>, Panel I); angiography identified the abnormal RCA opening on the left coronary sinus. Also visible was the stenosis throughout the length of the RCA (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a17fig02-body2">Figure 2</xref>, Panel J). Implantation of Partner rapamycin-eluting stents in the distal, middle and proximal right coronary, respectively (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a17fig02-body2">Figure 2</xref>, Panel K); postoperative angiography showed good RCA imaging with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 3 flow grade, without residual stenosis in the stents (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_a17fig02-body2">Figure 2</xref>, Panel L).</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <fig id="en_a17fig01-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-100-06-0e75-30118-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <fig id="en_a17fig02-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-100-06-0e75-30118-gf02-en.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p>Only 10~20% of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) involve chronic total occlusion (CTO) lesions. This is the most challenging type of coronary artery disease and has been called the "last bastion for interventional cardiologists to capture"<sup>1,2</sup>. The selected patient underwent non-selective aortic angiography suggesting either occlusion of the RCA or the presence of an anomalous ostial origin. Therefore, a retrograde guidewire technique was attempted. Unlike other newly developed techniques<sup>3</sup>, there was no clear antegrade pathway available to reach the CTO. In this case, we found a way to capture the retrograde wire from the Ascending Aorta using a "Memory Snare Device" by Shanghai Shape Memory Alloy Co. Ltd., China, and establish an antegrade pathway for placement of stents to restore blood flow. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of using a retrograde guidewire trapping technique with "Memory-Snare" device in a chronic total coronary occlusion with anomalous origin.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Author contributions</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Conception and design of the research: Hong L, Wang H, Wang X; Acquisition of data: Li L, Yin Q, Wang X; Analysis and interpretation of the data: Li L, Wang H, Yin Q, Wang X; Writing of the manuscript: Hong L, Li L, Wang X; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Wang X.</p>
      <p>
        <a href="/img/revistas/abc/v100n6/video/en_a17fig03.html" link-type="asset-not-found">Video</a>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest Study Association</bold>
      </p>
      <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Study Association</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This study is not associated with any post-graduation program.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
      </p>
      <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
