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	<front>
		<journal-meta>
			<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dic</journal-id>
			<journal-title-group>
				<journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia Imagem cardiovascular</journal-title>
				<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc</abbrev-journal-title>
			</journal-title-group>
			<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
			<publisher>
				<publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name>
			</publisher>
		</journal-meta>
		<article-meta>
			<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47593/2675-312X/20213404eabc104</article-id>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Images</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Incidental Finding of Retroaortic Renal Vein ‘Posterior Nutcracker Phenomenon’ Associated with Thrombosis</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Bohatch</surname>
						<given-names>Milton Sérgio</given-names>
						<suffix>Júnior</suffix>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Silva</surname>
						<given-names>Amanda Fernandes Vidal da</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Centellas</surname>
						<given-names>Carlos Diego Ribeiro</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Ribeiro</surname>
						<given-names>Maurício Serra</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Joviliano</surname>
						<given-names>Edwaldo Edner</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff1">
				<label>1</label>
				<institution content-type="orgdiv2">Hospital das Clínicas</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculty of Medicine</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgname">University of São Paulo</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">Ribeirão Preto</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto,SP, Brazil.</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff2">
				<label>2</label>
				<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery</institution>
				<institution content-type="orgname">Hospital de Base</institution>
				<addr-line>
					<named-content content-type="city">Rio Preto</named-content>
					<named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
				</addr-line>
				<country country="BR">Brazil</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Hospital de Base, Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.</institution>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c01"><bold>Mailing Address:</bold> Milton Sergio Bohatch Junior • <email>milton.jr87@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
				<fn fn-type="con">
					<p>Authors’ contributions</p>
					<p>Research creation and design: Bohatch Júnior MS, Silva AFV; Data acquisition: Bohatch Júnior MS, Centellas CDR; Data analysis and interpretation: Bohatch Júnior MS, Silva AFV, Centellas CDR, Joviliano EE ; Manuscript writing: Bohatch Júnior MS, Silva AFV; Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content Bohatch Júnior MS, Ribeiro MS, Joviliano EE.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<p>Conflict of interest</p>
					<p>The authors have declared that they have no conflict of interest.</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
				<day>25</day>
				<month>03</month>
				<year>2022</year>
			</pub-date>
			<pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
				<year>2021</year>
			</pub-date>
			<volume>34</volume>
			<issue>4</issue>
			<elocation-id>eabc104</elocation-id>
			<history>
				<date date-type="received">
					<day>6</day>
					<month>4</month>
					<year>2020</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="rev-recd">
					<day>7</day>
					<month>5</month>
					<year>2020</year>
				</date>
				<date date-type="accepted">
					<day>11</day>
					<month>5</month>
					<year>2020</year>
				</date>
			</history>
			<permissions>
				<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
					<license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
				</license>
			</permissions>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
				<kwd>Incidental Findings</kwd>
				<kwd>Renal Nutcracker Syndrome</kwd>
				<kwd>Thrombosis</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
			<counts>
				<fig-count count="2"/>
				<table-count count="0"/>
				<equation-count count="0"/>
				<ref-count count="4"/>
			</counts>
		</article-meta>
	</front>
	<body>
		<p>A 56-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency room with acute obstructive abdomen. She denied comorbidities or previous surgeries. Abdominal computed tomography showed cecal volvulus and an incidental finding of chronic recanalized left renal vein thrombosis with a retroaortic trajectory (posterior “nutcracker” phenomenon). She underwent exploratory laparotomy with a right colectomy and transverse ileum anastomosis. After a gradually progressed diet, she was discharged from hospital ten days after surgery. In outpatient follow-up, she denied symptoms of abdominal or flank pain, and laboratory tests showed no signs of proteinuria or hematuria. Conservative treatment and periodic follow-up were chosen considering the incidental finding of nutcracker phenomenon.</p>
		<p>A retroaortic left renal vein is a rare anatomical variation that is asymptomatic in most cases and called posterior nutcracker phenomenon. In symptomatic cases, the term posterior nutcracker syndrome is used.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Its exact prevalence is unknown, but it is more commonly diagnosed in female patients between the third and fourth decades of life.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> This compressive disorder can result in venous hypertension with renal vein dilation and ureteral and renal pelvis varicose veins and present as macroscopic and microscopic hematuria, flank pain, and proteinuria.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Conservative treatment is used for asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic patients as described in here.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
		<p>
			<fig id="f01">
				<label>Figure 1</label>
				<caption>
					<title>– Contrast-enhanced abdominal tomography image. (A) Axial section revealing a dilated left renal vein (arrowhead) with a retroaortic trajectory, causing clamping (arrow). (B) Coronal section also revealing a dilated left renal vein (arrowhead).</title>
				</caption>
				<graphic xlink:href="0102-762X-dic-34-4-eabc104-gf01.tif"/>
			</fig>
		</p>
	</body>
	<back>
		<ref-list>
			<title>References</title>
			<ref id="B1">
				<label>1</label>
				<mixed-citation>1. Pulgarin Ricardo LG, Isaza Zapata S, Uribe Gonzalez R. Left inferior vena cava with nutcracker syndrome: A case report. Radiol Case Rep. 2017 Nov 6;13(1):32-34. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2017.10.007</mixed-citation>
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					</person-group>
					<article-title>Left inferior vena cava with nutcracker syndrome: A case report</article-title>
					<source>Radiol Case Rep</source>
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				<mixed-citation>2. Ananthan K, Onida S, Davies AH. Nutcracker syndrome: an update on current diagnostic criteria and management guidelines. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2017;53(6):886-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2017.02.015</mixed-citation>
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					<source>Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med</source>
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				<mixed-citation>4. de Macedo GL, Dos Santos MA, Sarris AB, Gomes RZ. Venous revascularization to treat posterior nutcracker syndrome by transposition of the left gonadal vein: case report. J Vasc Bras. 2019;18:e20190037. doi: 10.1590/1677-5449.190037</mixed-citation>
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							<given-names>RZ</given-names>
						</name>
					</person-group>
					<article-title>Venous revascularization to treat posterior nutcracker syndrome by transposition of the left gonadal vein: case report</article-title>
					<source>J Vasc Bras</source>
					<year>2019</year>
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				</element-citation>
			</ref>
		</ref-list>
	</back>
	<sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRpt" xml:lang="pt">
		<front-stub>
			<article-categories>
				<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
					<subject>Imagens</subject>
				</subj-group>
			</article-categories>
			<title-group>
				<article-title>Achado Incidental de Veia Renal Retroaórtica “Fenômeno de Quebra-Nozes Posterior” Associada à Trombose</article-title>
			</title-group>
			<contrib-group>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Bohatch</surname>
						<given-names>Milton Sérgio</given-names>
						<suffix>Júnior</suffix>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1002"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Silva</surname>
						<given-names>Amanda Fernandes Vidal da</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2002"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Centellas</surname>
						<given-names>Carlos Diego Ribeiro</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1002"><sup>1</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Ribeiro</surname>
						<given-names>Maurício Serra</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2002"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
					<name>
						<surname>Joviliano</surname>
						<given-names>Edwaldo Edner</given-names>
					</name>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2002"><sup>2</sup></xref>
				</contrib>
			</contrib-group>
			<aff id="aff1002">
				<label>1</label>
				<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cirurgia Vascular e Endovascular, Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.</institution>
			</aff>
			<aff id="aff2002">
				<label>2</label>
				<country country="BR">Brasil</country>
				<institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cirurgia Vascular e Endovascular, Hospital de Base, Rio Preto, SP, Brasil.</institution>
			</aff>
			<author-notes>
				<corresp id="c01002"> Correspondência: Milton Sergio Bohatch Junior • milton.jr87@hotmail.com </corresp>
				<fn fn-type="con">
					<p>Contribuições dos autores</p>
					<p>Concepção e desenho da pesquisa: Bohatch Júnior MS, Silva AFV; Obtenção de dados: Bohatch Júnior MS, Centellas CDR; Análise e interpretação dos dados: Bohatch Júnior MS, Silva AFV, Centellas CDR, Joviliano EE; Redação do manuscrito: Bohatch Júnior MS, Silva AFV; Revisão crítica do manuscrito quanto ao conteúdo intelectual importante: Bohatch Júnior MS, Ribeiro MS, Joviliano EE.</p>
				</fn>
				<fn fn-type="conflict">
					<p>Conflito de interesses</p>
					<p>Os autores declaram não terem conflitos de interesse.</p>
				</fn>
			</author-notes>
			<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
				<kwd>Síndrome do Quebra-Nozes</kwd>
				<kwd>Achados Incidentais</kwd>
				<kwd>Trombose</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
		</front-stub>
		<body>
			<p>Paciente do sexo feminino, 56 anos, deu entrada no pronto atendimento com quadro de abdome agudo obstrutivo. Negava comorbidades ou cirurgias prévias. Foi submetida à tomografia de abdome que evidenciou volvo de ceco e achado incidental de trombose crônica recanalizada de veia renal esquerda com trajetória retroaórtica (fenômeno de “quebra-nozes” posterior). Foi submetida à laparotomia exploradora com colectomia direita e ileo transverso anastomose. Após evolução gradual da dieta, recebeu alta hospitalar no décimo dia de pós-operatório. No seguimento ambulatorial, negava sintomas de dor abdominal ou em flanco, e os exames laboratoriais não demonstraram indícios de proteinúria ou hematúria. Tendo em vista paciente com achado incidental de fenômeno de quebra-nozes, foi optado por tratamento conservador e seguimento periódico.</p>
			<p>A veia renal esquerda retroaórtica é uma variação anatômica rara e, na maioria dos casos, assintomática, sendo denominada de “fenômeno de quebra-nozes posterior”. Quando apresenta sintomas, utiliza-se o termo “síndrome do quebra-nozes posterior”.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> A prevalência exata é desconhecida, porém, sabe-se que essa afecção é mais comum em pacientes do sexo feminino entre a terceira e quarta décadas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> O quadro compressivo pode resultar em hipertensão venosa com dilatação da veia renal, varizes ureterais e de pelve renal, manifestando-se como hematúria macro e microscópica, dor no flanco e proteinúria.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> O tratamento conservador é empregado para pacientes assintomáticos ou oligossintomáticos, como descrito nesse caso.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
			<p>
				<fig id="f01002">
					<label>Figura 1</label>
					<caption>
						<title>– Tomografia de abdome com contraste. (A) Corte axial: veia renal esquerda dilatada (cabeça de seta) com trajetória retroaórtica, ocasionando seu pinçamento (seta); (B) corte coronal: veia renal esquerda dilatada (cabeça de seta).</title>
					</caption>
					<graphic xlink:href="0102-762X-dic-34-4-eabc104-gf01-pt.tif"/>
				</fig>
			</p>
		</body>
		<back/>
	</sub-article>
</article>