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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">dic</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>ABC Imagem Cardiovascular</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq Bras Cardiol: Imagem cardiovasc.</abbrev-journal-title></journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">2675-312X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</publisher-name></publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2675-312X/20213402eabc170</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47593/2675-312X/20213402eabc170</article-id>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Imagens</subject></subj-group></article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Pneumomediastino Espont&#xE2;neo</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Gon&#xE7;alves</surname><given-names>Lu&#xED;sa</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref> <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Pires</surname><given-names>In&#xEA;s</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Santos</surname><given-names>Jo&#xE3;o</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Correia</surname><given-names>Joana</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Moreira</surname><given-names>Davide</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<institution content-type="orgname">Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu</institution>
<institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Cardiologia</institution>
<addr-line>
<named-content content-type="city">Viseu</named-content></addr-line>
<country country="PT">Portugal</country>
<institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cardiologia, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.</institution></aff></contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#xEA;ncia: Lu&#xED;sa Gon&#xE7;alves &#x2022;</bold> Rei D. Duarte Avenue, Hospital de S&#xE3;o Teot&#xF3;nio, Departamento de Cardiologia, Viseu. C&#xF3;digo postal: <postal-code>3504-509</postal-code>. E-mail: <email>malvar.luisa@gmail.com</email></corresp>
<fn fn-type="conflict">
<p><bold>Conflito de interesses</bold></p>
<p>Os autores declaram n&#xE3;o terem conflitos de interesse.</p></fn>
<fn fn-type="con">
<p><bold>Contribui&#xE7;&#xF5;es dos autores</bold></p>
<p>Concep&#xE7;&#xE3;o e desenho da pesquisa: Gon&#xE7;alves L, Pires I, Santos J; Obten&#xE7;&#xE3;o de dados: Gon&#xE7;alves L, Santos J, Correia J; An&#xE1;lise e interpreta&#xE7;&#xE3;o dos dados: Gon&#xE7;alves L, Moreira D, Correia J; Reda&#xE7;&#xE3;o do manuscrito: Gon&#xE7;alves L; Revis&#xE3;o cr&#xED;tica do manuscrito: Gon&#xE7;alves L, Pires I, Moreira D.</p></fn></author-notes>
<pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
<day>11</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year></pub-date>
<pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
<year>2021</year></pub-date>
<volume>34</volume>
<issue>2</issue>
<elocation-id>eabc170</elocation-id>
<history>
<date date-type="received">
<day>30</day>
<month>11</month>
<year>2020</year></date>
<date date-type="rev-recd">
<day>07</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year></date>
<date date-type="accepted">
<day>20</day>
<month>01</month>
<year>2021</year></date>
</history>
<permissions>
<license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p></license></permissions>
<kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
<title>Palavras-chave</title>
<kwd>Pneumomediastino</kwd>
<kwd>Dor no Peito</kwd>
<kwd>Tomografia Computadorizada</kwd></kwd-group>
<counts>
<fig-count count="4"/>
<table-count count="0"/>
<equation-count count="0"/>
<ref-count count="0"/></counts></article-meta></front>
<body>
<sec sec-type="cases">
<title>Caso</title>
<p>Um atleta do sexo masculino, de 31 anos, apresentou dor tor&#xE1;cica aguda, agravada &#xE0; degluti&#xE7;&#xE3;o, ap&#xF3;s completar uma maratona. Exame f&#xED;sico e sinais vitais normais. O eletrocardiograma mostrou ritmo sinusal, bloqueio incompleto de ramo direito e onda T negativa em V1&#x2013;V2. An&#xE1;lise de sangue com valores normais de d&#xED;meros-D e pequena eleva&#xE7;&#xE3;o da troponina-I (m&#xE1;ximo em 72 horas: 0.52 ng/mL; normal &#x3C;0.07 ng/mL), com n&#xED;veis oscilantes. Radiografia de t&#xF3;rax, ecocardiograma e coronariografia normais. Realizada tomografia computadorizada (TC) card&#xED;aca, revelando pequenas cole&#xE7;&#xF5;es gasosas no mediastino superior e m&#xE9;dio compat&#xED;veis com pneumomediastino espont&#xE2;neo (PS). (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figures 1</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">2</xref>)</p>
<fig id="f1">
<label>Figura 1</label>
<caption>
<title>Tomografia computadorizada card&#xED;aca com contraste e janela pulmonar (imagem inferior direita), corte axial, mostrando pequenas quantidades de g&#xE1;s no mediastino superior e m&#xE9;dio (setas).</title></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="0102-762X-dic-34-2-eabc170-gf01.tif"/></fig>
<fig id="f2">
<label>Figura 2</label>
<caption>
<title>A &#x2014; Eletrocardiograma padr&#xE3;o de 12 deriva&#xE7;&#xF5;es na interna&#xE7;&#xE3;o na unidade de emerg&#xEA;ncia revelando ritmo sinusal normal, bloqueio incompleto de ramo direito e invers&#xE3;o da onda T em V1&#x2013;V2. B &#x2014; Vista p&#xF3;stero-anterior da radiografia de t&#xF3;rax dentro da normalidade. C &#x2014; Ecocardiograma transtor&#xE1;cico em eixo longo paraesternal (superior), apical 4 c&#xE2;maras (m&#xE9;dio) e eixo curto paraesternal (inferior), sem apresentar altera&#xE7;&#xF5;es. D &#x2014; Coronariografia esquerda e direita sem doen&#xE7;a coronariana.</title></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="0102-762X-dic-34-2-eabc170-gf02.tif"/></fig>
<p>PS &#xE9; uma entidade rara, geralmente benigna e frequentemente subdiagnosticada. O exerc&#xED;cio f&#xED;sico intenso &#xE9; uma causa reconhecida. A TC avalia a extens&#xE3;o, os fatores causais/patologias e revela o diagn&#xF3;stico quando a radiografia de t&#xF3;rax &#xE9; normal.</p>
</sec></body>
<sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
<front-stub>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Images</subject></subj-group></article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Gon&#xE7;alves</surname><given-names>Lu&#xED;sa</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref> <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Pires</surname><given-names>In&#xEA;s</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Santos</surname><given-names>Jo&#xE3;o</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Correia</surname><given-names>Joana</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name><surname>Moreira</surname><given-names>Davide</given-names></name> <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"><sup>1</sup></xref></contrib>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>
<named-content content-type="city">Viseu</named-content></addr-line>
<country country="PT">Portugal</country>
<institution content-type="original">Cardiology department, Centro Hospitalar Tondela-Viseu, Viseu, Portugal.</institution></aff></contrib-group>
<author-notes>
<corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Lu&#xED;sa Gon&#xE7;alves &#x2022;</bold> Rei D. Duarte Avenue, Hospital de S&#xE3;o Teot&#xF3;nio, Cardiology department, Viseu. C&#xF3;digo postal: <postal-code>3504-509</postal-code>. E-mail: <email>malvar.luisa@gmail.com</email></corresp>
<fn fn-type="conflict">
<p><bold>Conflict of interest</bold></p>
<p>The authors have declared that they have no conflict of interest.</p></fn>
<fn fn-type="con">
<p><bold>Authors&#x2019; contributions</bold></p>
<p>Research creation and design: Gon&#xE7;alves L, Pires I, Santos J; Data acquisition: Gon&#xE7;alves L, Santos J, Correia J; Data analysis and interpretation: Gon&#xE7;alves L, Moreira D, Correia J; Manuscript writing: Gon&#xE7;alves L Critical revision of the manuscript: Gon&#xE7;alves L, Pires I, Moreira D.</p></fn></author-notes>
<kwd-group xml:lang="en">
<title>Keywords</title>
<kwd>Chest pain</kwd>
<kwd>Computed Tomography</kwd>
<kwd>Pneumomediastinum</kwd></kwd-group></front-stub>
<body>
<sec sec-type="cases">
<title>Case</title>
<p>A 31-year-old male athlete presented with acute chest pain that was aggravated with swallowing after completing a marathon. Physical examination findings and his vital signs were normal. Electrocardiography revealed showed sinus rhythm, an incomplete right bundle block, and a negative T wave in V1-V2. A blood analysis showed normal D-dimer values and a slightly elevated troponin-I level (maximum at 72 hours: 0.52 ng/mL; normal, &#x3C;0.07 ng/mL) with fluctuations. Chest X-ray, echocardiography, and coronary angiography findings were normal. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) revealed small gas collections on the superior and middle mediastinum compatible with spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SP). (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figures 1</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">2</xref>) SP is rare, usually benign, and often underdiagnosed. Intense physical exercise is a recognized cause. Cardiac CT assesses the extension, causative factors, and pathologies and discloses the diagnosis of SP when chest X-ray findings are normal.</p>
<fig id="f3">
<label>Figure 1</label>
<caption>
<title>Contrast cardiac computed tomography image of the lung window (right inferior image) axial view revealed small amounts of gas on the superior and middle mediastinum (arrows).</title></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="0102-762X-dic-34-2-eabc170-gf01-en.tif"/></fig>
<fig id="f4">
<label>Figure 2</label>
<caption>
<title>A &#x2013; Standard 12-lead electrocardiogram obtained in the emergency department revealed normal sinus rhythm, an incomplete right bundle block, and T wave inversion on V1-V2. B &#x2013; Chest X-ray posteroanterior view findings were normal. C &#x2013; Transthoracic echocardiogram of the parasternal long-axis (superior), apical four chambers (medium), and parasternal short-axis (inferior) showed no alterations. D &#x2013; Left and right coronary angiogram revealed no coronary heart disease.</title></caption>
<graphic xlink:href="0102-762X-dic-34-2-eabc170-gf02-en.tif"/></fig>
</sec></body></sub-article>
</article>